Rózsaszentmárton is a village in Heves County, Hungary, beside of the Ágó creek, under the Mátra mountain ranges. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 1854 (see Demographics). The village located 6.5 km from (Nr. 81) Hatvan–Fiľakovo railway line, 7.0 km from the main road 21 and 18.0 km from the M3 motorway. The closest train station with public transport in Zagyvaszántó.
History
An independent village arose between 1000 and 1050 in the area that was already inhabited in prehistoric times. It was probably donated by King Samuel to a knight named Fanchal, in whose memory the settlement bore the name Fancsal for centuries. But the first mention of the village in 1231. In 1325 King Charles I it given to Demeter Nekcsei [hu], but in 1414 owned by the Jákófi and Fedémesi families already. Only 4 families lived in the village in 1564 and only 6 families in 1690. In the 18th century it waas part of the Hatvan manor. The population growned to 27 families to 1720. King Charles III given Fancsal to Count Gundaker Starhemberg in 1723, what bought by Count Antal Grassalkovich in 1741. Grassalkovich built the Roman Catholic church of the village in 1780 and the parish house in 1800. The owner of Fancsal was Georgios Sinas, then Simon Sinas between 1841 and 1864. The population lived from agriculture: wood extraction and winemaking. In 1873 the cholera, than in 1889 the phylloxera destroyed the population and grapes.The first lignite mine started in 1890, but its bankcrupted. In 1903 the village got its current name from the wild rose bushes at the border of the village and the patron saint of the church. In 1904 the winemaking at the village was restarted with state support and in 1917 the mining was restarted. In the 1950s the number of shafts grew and a miners' school and apartments were created. The appearance of open-pit mining marked the end of mining in the settlement in 1968. The memory of the mining is preserved in the Lignite Mining Memorial House, the entrance of the Ursitz [hu] shaft, the E-303 excavator monument and the tradition of the Miner's Day and the Barbara Day. After 1999 built up the Saint Stephenfountain, the new village hall, a hostel and the retirement home.The notable native of the village is Dániel Csabai [hu] (1947–) electric engineer.[1][2]
Demographics
According the 2022 census, 94.6% of the population were of Hungarian ethnicity, 0.5% were German and 5.4% were did not wish to answer. The religious distribution was as follows: 42.0% Roman Catholic, 3.3% Calvinist, 0.5% Greek Catholic, 15.0% non-denominational, and 35.8% did not wish to answer. 5 people live a mine camp beside of the Shaft I.[3]
