It was founded in late 1942, as a consequence of the coal mining in the area. Rio Turbio was home to the state-owned coal extraction company YCF. The mine is currently operated by Yacimientos Carboníferos Río Turbio.
Under the Köppen climate classification, Río Turbio is classified as a subpolar oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfc) with cold winters.[3]: 8 The climate is characterized by strong westerly winds, which are generated by the influence of the two semi-permanent high pressure systems in the South Atlantic and South Pacific.[3]: 36 Mean monthly temperatures range from a low of 1.1 °C (34.0 °F) in July to a high of 10.7 °C (51.3 °F) in January.[3]: 36