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The Honorable
Querube C. Makalintal
The Honorable Querube C. Makalintal
Speaker of the Interim Batasang Pambansa
	In office; June 12, 1978 – June 30, 1984
Preceded by	Cornelio Villareal (as Speaker of the House of Representatives)
Succeeded by	Nicanor Yñiguez
Member of the Interim Batasang Pambansa
	In office; June 12, 1978 – June 30, 1984
Constituency	Region IV
11th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
	In office; October 21, 1973 – December 22, 1975
Appointed by	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Roberto Concepcion
Succeeded by	Fred Ruiz Castro
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
	In office; May 23, 1962 – October 21, 1973
Appointed by	Diosdado Macapagal
Preceded by	César Bengzon
Succeeded by	Ramon Fernandez
Solicitor General of the Philippines
	In office; February 9, 1954 – August 31, 1954
President	Ramon Magsaysay
Preceded by	Juan Liwag
Succeeded by	Ambrosio Padilla
Personal details
Born	Querube Cortinas Makalintal; December 22, 1910; San Jose, Batangas, Philippine Islands
Died	November 8, 2002 (aged 91); Manila, Philippines[citation needed]
Political party	Kilusang Bagong Lipunan
Children	3
Alma mater	University of the Philippines Diliman (AA, LL.B)

Querube Cortinas Makalintal (December 22, 1910 – November 8,^{[citation needed]} 2002) was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from 1973 to 1975 and Speaker of the Interim Batasang Pambansa from 1978 to 1984.

Early life

Makalintal was born on December 22, 1910, in San Jose, Batangas. He was born to Ambrosio Makalintal and Rufina Cortinas. He finished his Associate in Arts and Bachelor of Law at the University of the Philippines, where he was a member of the Upsilon Sigma Phi fraternity.^[1]^[2] He placed 7th in the 1933 Bar Examinations and 3rd in the 1934 Law Clerk Examinations by Civil Service.^[2]

Career

Makalintal was appointed Solicitor General in 1952. He then served as Associate Justice and Presiding Justice of the Court of Appeals.

On May 23, 1962, he was appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court by President Diosdado Macapagal. On October 24, 1973, he was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court under President Ferdinand Marcos.^[2]

After reaching the compulsory retirement age of 65 under the 1973 Constitution, he served as Speaker of the Interim Batasang Pambansa from 1978 to 1984.

Martial law years

Makalintal, together with Justice Fred Ruiz Castro, was the "swing vote" in the Ratification Cases which upheld the 1973 Constitution, which paved the way of extending Marcos' regime. When the question of whether the petitioners are entitled to relief, the two justices answered "No", thus upholding the 1973 Constitution and made legitimate the rule of Marcos and his power.

In the cases denying Benigno Aquino Jr. of his privilege of the writ of habeas corpus, the decision of the High Court was not a traditional sense of consensus on both the conclusions and the reasons for the conclusions. Makalintal, as Chief Justice, delivered the summary of votes, and explained the reason why there was no collegial opinion by the Court. He said, among others, that the justices of the Supreme Court are conscious of "the future verdict of history" upon their stand.

Benigno Aquino Jr. warned of such verdict of history, as he aptly said, "Today, you are my judges. Tomorrow, history will judge you."

Death

Makalintal died on November 8, 2002, in Manila, Philippines.^{[citation needed]} He was 91.

He is survived by his children Eduardo, Maria Socorro, and Ambrosio.

References

^ Batacan, Delfin Flandez (1975). The Makalintal Court. Rex Book Store. p. 33.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Chief Justice - Supreme Court E-Library". elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph. Retrieved June 23, 2020.

Aquino v. Enrile, G.R. No. L-35546, September 17, 1974. Supreme Court Reports Annotated, Volume 59, pp. 183. Central Law Book Publishing, Manila
Bernas, Joaquin (2003). The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines: a Commentary. Rex Book Store, Manila
Cruz, Isagani A. (2000). Res Gestae: A Brief History of the Supreme Court. Rex Book Store, Manila
Mijares, Primitivo(1976). The Conjugal Dictatorship of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos, Union Square Publications, San Francisco, U.S.A.

Legal offices
Preceded by Roberto Concepcion	Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines 1973 – 1975	Succeeded by Fred Ruiz Castro
Political offices
Preceded by Juan Liwag	Solicitor General of the Philippines 1954	Succeeded by Ambrosio Padilla
Preceded by Cornelio Villareal	Speaker of the Interim Batasang Pambansa 1978–1984	Succeeded by Nicanor Yñiguez