Quercus margarettae

Quercus margarettae
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fagales
Family: Fagaceae
Genus: Quercus
Subgenus: Quercus subg. Quercus
Section: Quercus sect. Quercus
Species:
Q. margarettae
Binomial name
Quercus margarettae
Synonyms[2]
  • Quercus margaretiae var. stolonifera (Sarg.) Ashe
  • Quercus minor var. margaretiae Ashe
  • Quercus pandurata Raf.
  • Quercus stellata subsp. margaretiae (Ashe) A.E.Murray
  • Quercus stellata var. araniosa Sarg.
  • Quercus stellata var. margaretiae (Ashe) Sarg.

Quercus margarettae (spelling variants include Quercus margaretta, Quercus margarettiae, and Quercus margaretiae), the sand post oak or dwarf post oak, is a North American species of oak in the beech family. It is native to the southeastern and south-central United States from Virginia to Florida and west as far as Texas and Oklahoma.[3] There are historical reports of the species growing in New York State, but it has not been seen there in years.[4]

Quercus margarettae is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing up to 12 meters (40 feet) tall.[5] The bark is gray and scaly. The leaves are up to 135 millimetres (5+1⁄4 inches) long, and bipinnately lobed with rounded lobes. The plant grows in sandy or gravelly soil.[6][4]

Taxonomy

The species was first described as a variety of Quercus minor (a synonym of Quercus stellata) by William Willard Ashe in 1894.[7] Ashe spelt the name "Quercus minor var. Margaretta".[8] The capital letter implies it was named after a person. The first name of Ashe's wife was Margaret.[9] Article 60.8(b) of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants provides that adjectival specific epithets formed from personal names should have the genitive ending of the appropriate gender, with -i- added before the ending when the personal name ends in a consonant.[10] Sources have used Ashe's original spelling "margaretta",[11] or have changed the spelling to "margarettae",[7] "margarettiae"[12] or "margaretiae".[13]

Ashe's variety was raised to a full species by John Kunkel Small in 1903.[2] It is placed in section Quercus.[14]

References

  1. ^ Kenny, L.; Wenzell, K.; Jerome, D. (2017). "Quercus margarettae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T194191A111279087. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T194191A111279087.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Quercus margaretiae (Ashe) Small". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
  3. ^ "Quercus margarettae". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  4. ^ a b Nixon, Kevin C. (1997). "Quercus margarettae". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 3. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  5. ^ "Quercus margarettae (Dwarf Post Oak, Sand Post Oak) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2020-09-30.
  6. ^ Small, John Kunkel (1903). Flora of the Southeastern United States. p. 355 as Quercus margaretta.
  7. ^ a b "Quercus minor var. margarettae Ashe". The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
  8. ^ Ashe, W.W. (1894). "A new post oak and hybrid oaks". Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society. 11: 87–95., pp. 94–95
  9. ^ Gilmour, Ron. "William Willard Ashe (1872-1932)". UNC Herbarium. Archived from the original on 2015-05-09. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  10. ^ Turland, N.J.; et al., eds. (2018). "Article 60". International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017 (electronic ed.). Glashütten: International Association for Plant Taxonomy. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
  11. ^ Seiler, John; Jensen, Edward; Niemiera, Alex & Peterson, John (2021). "sand post oak". Virginia Tech Dendrology. Archived from the original on 2022-07-05. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  12. ^ "Quercus margarettiae (Ashe) Small". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  13. ^ Weakley, Alan S; Poindexter, Derick B.; Medford, Hannah C.; Sorrie, Bruce A.; McCormick, Carol Ann; Bridges, Edwin L.; Orzell, Steve L.; Bradley, Keith A.; Ballard Jr, Harvey E.; Burwell, Remington N.; Lockhart, Samuel L. & Franck, Alan R. (2020). "Studies in the vascular flora of the southeastern United States. VI". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 14 (2): 199–239. doi:10.17348/jbrit.v14.i2.1004.
  14. ^ Denk, Thomas; Grimm, Guido W.; Manos, Paul S.; Deng, Min & Hipp, Andrew L. (2017). "Appendix 2.1: An updated infrageneric classification of the oaks" (xls). figshare. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.5547622.v1. Retrieved 2023-02-18.