During the period of Japanese rule, two airports were built in Pyongyang. Pyongyang Air Base was built by the Empire of Japan in the 1940s and remained in use until the 1950s. A second airport, Mirim Airport, was also built by the forces of the empire of Japan in the 1940s, east of the Taedong River. However, after World War II there was a need for a newer airport, and Sunan Airfield was built. Mirim Airport survived as a military airfield, and Pyongyang Air Base was re-developed for government use and for housing.
During the Korean War, the airport was occupied by United Nations forces for seven weeks in late 1950, when the forces flew large amounts of supplies to Sunan. On 13 May 1953, the airport was inundated when the United States Air Force bombed Toksan Dam. After an armistice was signed, two months later, the North Korean Government began repairing and expanding the airport.[5]
The Soviet airline Aeroflot flew to Moscow and Khabarovsk in the 1980s.[6] In the 1990s, Air Koryo also provided nonstop flights to Moscow, which continued on to Berlin and Sofia.[7]
During the 1989 13th World Festival of Youth and Students held in Pyongyang, a temporary terminal building was erected specifically to accommodate the arrival of the festival’s international attendees.[8]
Development since the 2000s
Russian Sky Airlines operated charter services to Pyongyang from Russian destinations in the mid-2000s on Il-62M and Il-86 aircraft.[9][10][11]China Southern Airlines offered scheduled charter flights to and from Beijing during the peak season only, and permanently stopped its flights in October 2006.[12] In March 2008, Air China re-established service to Beijing on a Boeing 737, three days a week,[13] and suspended due to lack of demand on 22 November 2017.[14]Air Koryo,[15]Korean Air and Asiana Airlines also provided chartered flight services to Seoul and Yangyang, on the east coast of South Korea, from Pyongyang. These flights were used by Koreans visiting relatives across the border; these services were halted after the ending of the Sunshine Policy by South Korea in 2008.[11] In June 2018, Air China resumed service from Beijing Capital Airport to Pyongyang.[16]
By early 2011, an interim facility handling international flights had been built just south of the existing terminal. By early 2012, demolition of the existing terminal, which Kim Jong-un deemed too small and outdated, had begun. In July 2012, he ordered the construction of a new terminal.[17] Besides this, a new control tower and VIP terminal north of the main terminal were also built.[18] The project became part of a "speed campaign", in which thousands of workers were enlisted to complete it quickly.[19] On 15 September 2017, about 6:30am KST, North Korea fired a Hwasong-12 missile from the airport. The missile travelled 3,700 kilometers (2,300 mi) and reached a maximum height of 770 kilometers (480 mi).[20]
Pyongyang International Airport has two passenger terminals. Terminal 1 opened in January 2016 and handles domestic flights only.[21] It is connected to Terminal 2,[21] the international terminal, which was inaugurated on 1 July 2015.[22] Terminal 2 has jet bridges and at least 12 check-in counters.[23][24] Amenities include a duty-free store, coffee bar, newsstand and Internet room,[24][25] along with a snack bar, a pharmacy, a CD/DVD shop, and an electronics shop. There is also a business-class lounge with a buffet on the upper level, along with an outdoor viewing area.
The airport has two functioning runways: one is designated 17/35 and measures 3,425 by 60 metres (11,237 ft × 197 ft),[26][1][27][2][excessive citations] while the other, designated 01/19, measures 4,000 by 60 metres (13,120 ft × 200 ft).[1]
Yonhap reported in September 2016 that a maintenance facility had been built at the Pyongyang airport. About 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from runway 17/35, the facility includes aircraft hangars and apartment buildings for high-ranking officials and Air Koryo employees.[28]
During the construction period, a hangar-like structure served the airport with basic services (baggage carousel), a duty-free shop, and a bookshop/souvenir shop.[29]
The airport is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) from the city,[32] about 30 minutes' drive by the Pyongyang-Hicheon Expressway.[33] In addition, Sunan Station, on the Pyongui Line of the Korean State Railway, is 800 meters (2,600 ft) from the Pyongyang airport terminal building.[34]
Incidents
On February 16, 1958, a Douglas DC-3 of Korean National Airlines was hijacked on a flight from Busan to Seoul by 8 hijackers demanding to be taken to North Korea and landed here. All 34 occupants survived.[35]
On March 31, 1970, a Boeing 727-89 of JAL (JA8315) was hijacked on a flight from Tokyo to Fukuoka by 9 hijackers demanding to be taken to North Korea and landed here. All 115 occupants survived.[36]
On August 15, 2006, a Tupolev Tu-154B-2 of Air Koryo (possibly P-561) suffered minor damage in a non-fatal runway mishap on landing from Beijing and was later repaired.[37]
^ abcDoD Flight Information Publication (Enroute) – Supplement Pacific, Australasia and Antarctica. St. Louis, Missouri: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2021. pp. B-271–B-272.
^ ab"Pyongyang Intl -- ZKPY". World Aero Data. 2006. Archived from the original on 10 November 2006. Retrieved 2 February 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
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