Puna Pau was the sole source of the red scoria that the prehistoric Rapanui used to carve the pukao (topknots) that they put on the heads of some of their iconic moai statues.[1] The stone from Puna Pau was also used for ahu facia blocks and a non-standard moai found in front of one of the ahu at Vinapu.[2] It was not used to fashion the crouching moai Tukuturi at Rano Raraku, which is of Rano Raraku tuff.[3]
Archaeological excavations were carried out at Puna Pau between 2009 and 2013[4][5][6] by members of the UK Rapa Nui Landscapes of Construction Project[7] team.
The photo shown here is of the re-erected moai on Ahu Kote Riku, part of the Tahai ceremonial complex, not Ahu Tahai, and the topknot is not the original of Puna Pau red scoria, which is now in Hanga Roa cemetery, but a replacement made of red scoria from another location.[1][8]
Outside of park brochure for Puna Pau (in English)
References
^ abSeager Thomas, Mike (2014). "Stone use and avoidance on Easter Island. Red scoria from the topknot quarry at Puna Pau and other sources". Archaeology in Oceania. 49 (2).
^Heyerdahl, Thor; Ferdon, Edwin (1961). The Archaeology of Easter Island. New York: Rand McNally & Co.