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Pseudogaltonia
	Pseudogaltonia clavata (syn. Galtonia clavata) from an 1886 illustration
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Asparagaceae
Subfamily:	Scilloideae
Genus:	Pseudogaltonia; (Kuntze) Engl.
Synonyms
	Lindneria T.Durand & Lubbers

Pseudogaltonia is a genus of bulbous flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae (also treated as the family Hyacinthaceae).^[3] It is distributed in southern Africa (the Cape Province of South Africa, Namibia, Botswana).^[1]

Description

Pseudogaltonia grows from a large bulb with a fibrous tunic. The flowers are borne on a long stem (scape) in a pyramid-shaped raceme. Individual flowers are borne on long stalks (pedicels) and droop downwards. The tepals are fused at the base, forming a tube about two-thirds or three-quarters of the length of the flower, swollen slightly at its base. The tubular part of the tepals is green, the free lobes are whitish with a green streak. The stamens, which protrude from the flower, have broad triangle-shaped filaments which arise from the mouth of the flower tube and green anthers. The seeds are black.^[4]^[5]

Systematics

The name Pseudogaltonia was first used by Otto Kuntze in 1886 as the name of a section within the genus Hyacinthus. He also suggested that those who preferred smaller genera could use it as the name of a separate genus.^[6]^{[note 1]} In 1888, Adolf Engler used Kuntze's Pseudogaltonia as a genus name in his treatment of the Liliaceae.^[8] Kuntze had named the only species known at that time as Hyacinthus pechuelii, which Engler transferred to Pseudogaltonia pechuelii. However, the species had already been described with the name Galtonia clavata in 1884, giving the epithet "clavata" priority over "pechuelii."^[9] A second species of Pseudogaltonia, P. liliiflora, was named in 2009.^[10]

The genus is placed in the tribe Ornithogaleae (or the subfamily Ornithogaloideae by those who use the family Hyacinthaceae). Within this tribe, molecular phylogenetic studies place it as most closely related to the genus Dipcadi.^[4]

Species

As of April 2013^[update], the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognized the following two species:^[10]

Pseudogaltonia clavata (Baker ex Mast.) E.Phillips – synonyms include Galtonia clavata Baker ex Mast., Ornithogalum clavatum (Baker ex Mast.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt; Hyacinthus pechuelii Kuntze, Pseudogaltonia pechuelii (Kuntze) Engl.
Pseudogaltonia liliiflora J.C.Manning & Goldblatt

Notes

^ Article 36.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants states that "A name is not validly published (a) when it is not accepted by the author in the original publication; (b) when it is merely proposed in anticipation of the future acceptance of the taxon concerned".^[7] Kuntze did not himself accept Pseudogaltonia as a genus name, only saying that whoever (German: wer) preferred smaller genera might do so.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Pseudogaltonia", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2013-04-09
^ Baker 1886.
^ Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards), "Asparagales: Scilloideae", Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, retrieved 2014-02-25
^ ^a ^b Martinez-Azorin, Mario; Crespo, Manuel B.; Juan, Ana; Fay, Michael F. (2011), "Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Ornithogaloideae (Hyacinthaceae) based on nuclear and plastid DNA regions, including a new taxonomic arrangement", Annals of Botany, 107 (1): 1–37, doi:10.1093/aob/mcq207, PMC 3002468, PMID 21163815
^ "Pseudogaltonia (Kuntze) Engl.", eMonocot, retrieved 2013-04-09
^ Kuntze, C.E.O. (1886), "Pseudogaltonia", in Eichler, A.W.; Garcke, A. & Urban, I. (eds.), Jahrbuch des Königlichen Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin, vol. 5, Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger, pp. 274–275, retrieved 2013-04-11
^ McNeill, J.; Barrie, F. R.; Buck, W. R.; Demoulin, V.; Greuter, W.; Hawksworth, D. L.; Herendeen, P. S.; Knapp, S.; Marhold, K.; Prado, J.; Prud'homme Van Reine, W. F.; Smith, G. F.; Wiersema, J. H. & Turland, N. J., eds. (2012), International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code), Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011 (electronic ed.), Bratislava: International Association for Plant Taxonomy, retrieved 2013-04-12
^ Engler, H.G.A (1888), "Liliaceae: Pseudogaltonia", in Engler, H.G.A. & Prantl, K.A.E. (eds.), Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, vol. 2, p. 158, retrieved 2013-04-11
^ "Pseudogaltonia clavata", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2013-04-11
^ ^a ^b "Search for Pseudogaltonia", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2013-04-09