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Prince
Komatsu Akihito
Prince Komatsu Akihito
小松宮彰仁親王
Chief of the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office
	In office; January 26, 1895 – January 20, 1898
Monarch	Meiji
Preceded by	Prince Arisugawa Taruhito
Succeeded by	Kawakami Soroku
Personal details
Born	February 11, 1846; Kyoto, Tokugawa shogunate
Died	February 18, 1903 (aged 57); Tokyo, Empire of Japan
Awards	Order of the Golden Kite (2nd class); Order of the Rising Sun (1st class); Order of the Chrysanthemum;
Military service
Allegiance	Empire of Japan
Branch/service	Imperial Japanese Army
Years of service	1867–1895
Rank	Field Marshal , Commander in Chief
Battles/wars	Boshin War; Satsuma Rebellion; First Sino-Japanese War;

Prince Komatsu Akihito (小松宮彰仁親王, Komatsu-no-miya Akihito shinnō, February 11, 1846 – February 18, 1903) was a Japanese career officer in the Imperial Japanese Army, who was a member of the Fushimi-no-miya, one of the shinnōke branches of the Imperial Family of Japan, which were eligible to succeed to the Chrysanthemum Throne.

Biography

Early life

Prince Akihito was born as Prince Yoshiaki, the seventh son of Prince Fushimi Kuniie. In 1858, he was adopted by Emperor Ninkō as a potential heir to the throne. As he was born when the country was still under rule by the Tokugawa Bakufu, he was sent into the Buddhist priesthood, and assigned to serve at the monzeki temple of Ninna-ji in Kyoto, where he adopted the title Ninnaji-no-miya Yoshiaki (仁和寺宮嘉彰). He returned to secular life in 1867 during the Meiji Restoration, and led imperial forces to Osaka, Yamato, Shikoku and Aizu during the Boshin War to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate.

Prince Yoshiaki married Arima Yoriko (June 18, 1852 – June 26, 1914), daughter of Arima Yorishige, the former daimyō of Kurume Domain, on November 6, 1869. In 1870, Emperor Meiji assigned him the title of Higashifushimi-no-miya.

Military career

Prince Yoshiaki studied military tactics in England for two years from 1870 to 1872.

Considered a brilliant military tactician, he helped subdue many of the samurai rebellions in the early years of the Meiji period, including the Saga Rebellion of 1874, and the Satsuma Rebellion of 1877. The emperor granted him the rank of lieutenant general in the newly created Imperial Japanese Army and awarded him the Order of the Rising Sun (1st class).

In 1882, he changed the name of his house to Komatsu-no-miya and his personal name from "Yoshiaki" to "Akihito", and became therefore known as "Prince Komatsu-no-miya Akihito".

Prince Komatsu rose to the rank of general and received command of the First Imperial Guard Division in 1890. He was nominal commander of the Japanese expeditionary forces in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–95) and became a member of the Supreme Military Council. Following the death of his uncle, Prince Arisugawa Taruhito in 1895, Prince Komatsu Akihito became the chief of the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff, and received the honorary rank of field marshal.

Diplomatic career

Prince Komatsu Akihito also served the Meiji government in a diplomatic capacity. In 1886, he went to England, France, Germany and Russia on behalf of Emperor Meiji.

He was sent to Istanbul in 1887 to mark the inaugural step in relations between Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. Prince Komatsu was received in an audience by the Ottoman Emperor ‘Abdu’l-Hamid II.

In June 1902, Prince Komatsu Akihito returned to the United Kingdom to represent Emperor Meiji at the coronation ceremonies for King Edward VII,^[1] and also visited France, Spain, Belgium, Germany and Russia.^[2]

In his latter years, Prince Komatsu was a patron of the Japanese Red Cross Society and the Dai Nippon Butoku Kai, along with other charity institutions. As Prince Komatsu died without heirs, the title of Komatsu-no-miya reverted to his younger brother, Prince Higashifushimi Yorihito. However, to preserve the Komatsu family name, in 1910 the fourth son of Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa was renamed Teruhisa Komatsu, with the peerage title of marquis (koshaku).

Notes

^ Shimbun, The Yomiuri (May 7, 2023). "Japan, Britain's Royal Visits Date Back to 19th Century". japannews.yomiuri.co.jp. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
^ "Departure of Prince Komatsu". The Times. No. 36810. London. July 3, 1902. p. 8.

References

Cortazzi, Hugh (2003). Britain and Japan (Japan Library Biographical Portraits). RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 1-903350-14-X.
Dupuy, Trevor N. (1992). Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography. New York: HarperCollins Publishers Inc. ISBN 0-7858-0437-4.
Fujitani, T; Cox, Alvin D (1998). Splendid Monarchy: Power and Pageantry in Modern Japan. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-21371-8.
Jansen, Marius B.; Gilbert Rozman (1986). Japan in Transition: From Tokugawa to Meiji. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691054599;