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Prelude and Fugue in C-sharp major, BWV 872

Prelude and Fugue in C-sharp major, BWV 872, is a keyboard composition written by Johann Sebastian Bach. It is the third prelude and fugue in the second book of The Well-Tempered Clavier, a series of 48 preludes and fugues in every major and minor key.

Analysis

Prelude

The prelude is in common time and has 50 measures, built upon the characteristic arpeggios similar to the famous C major prelude from the first book of The Well-Tempered Clavier until the fugato.[1]


\version "2.18.2"
\header {
  tagline = ##f
}

upper = \relative c' {
  \clef treble 
  \key cis \major
  \time 4/4
  \tempo 4 = 80
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"harpsichord"

   %% PRÉLUDE CBT II-3, BWV 872, ut-dièse majeur
   \repeat unfold 2 { << { r16 eis gis cis~ cis4 } \\ { s4 gis16 fis gis eis } >> }
   << { r16 fis16 ais cis~ cis4 r16 fis, gis dis'~ dis4 } \\ { s4 ais16 gis ais fis s4 gis16 fis gis fis } >>
   << { r16 eis16 gis dis'~ dis4 r16 eis,16 gis cis~ cis4 } \\ { s4 gis16 fis gis fis s4 gis16 fis gis eis } >>
   << { r16 dis16 fisis ais~ ais4 r16 dis,16 gis bis~ bis4 } \\ { s4 fisis16 eis fisis dis s4 gis16 fisis gis dis } >>
   << { r16 eis16 ais cis~ cis4 r16 dis,16 ais' cis~ cis4 } \\ { s4 ais16 gis ais eis s4 ais16 gis ais dis, } >>
}

lower = \relative c {
  \clef bass 
  \key cis \major
  \time 4/4
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"harpsichord" 
    
   << { gis'8 gis cis cis b b b b ais ais fis fis \repeat unfold 4 { bis } \repeat unfold 4 { cis } gis gis eis eis | ais ais ais ais gis gis dis gis | \repeat unfold 4 { gis } \repeat unfold 4 { fisis } | } \\ { \repeat unfold 3 { \repeat unfold 2 { cis4 r4 } } cis4 r4 bis r4 ais r4 dis } >>
    
}

\score {
  \new PianoStaff <<
    \set PianoStaff.instrumentName = #"BWV 872"
    \new Staff = "upper" \upper
    \new Staff = "lower" \lower
  >>
  \layout {
    \context {
      \Score
      \remove "Metronome_mark_engraver"
    }
  }
  \midi { }
}

The arpeggios ends at m. 25, and the fugato starts, which uses the time signature of 3
8
. It has three voices.[1]


\version "2.18.2"
\header {
  tagline = ##f
}

Mordaesq = { \tag #'print { gis4~_\mordent_\markup { \natural } } \tag #'midi { gis32 fis gis16~ gis8~ }  }
Mordeesq = { \tag #'print { dis4~_\mordent_\markup { \natural } } \tag #'midi { dis32 cis dis16~ dis8~ }  }

upper = \relative c'' {
  \clef treble 
  \key cis \major
  \time 3/8
  \tempo 8 = 152
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"harpsichord" 
  %\context Score \applyContext #(set-bar-number-visibility 2)
  \set Score.currentBarNumber = #25
  \bar ""
   %% PRÉLUDE CBT II-3, BWV 872, ut-dièse majeur
   \bar "||"
   < gis dis bis >8^\markup{Allegro} dis16[ cis dis \tempo 8 = 120 eis] \tempo 8 = 40 \grace eis8 \tempo 8 = 152 fis4.~ fis8 eis-! ais-! dis,8 \Mordaesq gis8 fis16 eis fis gis eis4. dis8 gis16 fisis gis ais bis
}

lower = \relative c {
  \clef bass 
  \key cis \major
  \time 3/8
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"harpsichord" 
    
   << { gis'8 r8 r8 | r8 ais16 gis ais \tempo 8 = 120 bis \tempo 8 = 40 \grace bis8 \tempo 8 = 152 cis4.~ cis8 bis eis ais, \Mordeesq dis8 \stemDown \change Staff = "upper" cis4~ cis8 \change Staff = "lower" \stemUp bis16 ais bis cis dis8 } \\ { gis,,8 r8 r8 R4.*4 r8 eis'16 dis eis fis gis4.~ gis8 } >>
    
}

 thePianoStaff = \new PianoStaff <<
    \set PianoStaff.instrumentName = #""
    \new Staff = "upper" \upper
    \new Staff = "lower" \lower
  >>

\score {
  \keepWithTag #'print \thePianoStaff
  \layout {
    \context {
      \Score
      \remove "Metronome_mark_engraver"
    }
  }
}

\score {
  \keepWithTag #'midi \thePianoStaff
  \midi { }
}

Fugue

The fugue has three voices and 35 measures.[1] The subject is simply made from notes from the major triad, but has mutated many times throughout the whole fugue.[2]


\version "2.18.2"
\header {
  tagline = ##f
}

\score {
  \new Staff \with {

  }
<<
  \relative c {
    \clef bass 
    \key cis \major
    \time 4/4
    \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"harpsichord"

     %% SUJET fugue CBT II-3, BWV 872, ut-dièse majeur
     r8 cis8 eis cis gis' r8 fis r8 | eis16 dis cis8~ cis16 dis eis cis | fis8

  }
>>
  \layout {
     \context { \Score \remove "Metronome_mark_engraver" }
  }
  \midi {} 
}

References

  1. ^ a b c "Bach: Prelude and Fugue No.3 in C♯ major, BWV 872 Analysis". Tonic Chord. 2018-05-08.
  2. ^ Ledbetter (2002), pp. 249–251

Bibliography

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