In 1965, economist and philosopher E. F. Schumacher had an article published in The Observer,[2] pointing out the limitations of aid based on the transfer of large-scale technologies to developing countries which did not have the resources to accommodate them. He argued that there should be a shift in emphasis towards intermediate technologies based on the needs and skills possessed by the people of developing countries.
Schumacher and a few of his associates, including George McRobie, Julia Porter,[3] Alfred Latham-Koenig and Professor Mansur Hoda, decided to create an "advisory centre" to promote the use of efficient labour-intensive techniques, and in 1966 the Intermediate Technology Development Group (ITDG) was born.[4][5]
From its origins as a technical enquiry service, ITDG began to take a greater direct involvement in local projects. Following initial successes in farming, it developed working groups on energy, building materials and rural health, and soon grew to become an international organisation. The group now has seven regional offices, working on over 100 projects around the world, with a head office in the UK.
In July 2005, ITDG changed its working name to Practical Action, and since 2008 this has been its legal name.[6] The organisation produces a monthly magazine entitled 'Small World'.
