After working as a computer consultant for IBM Canada, Reid became a professor of administrative data processing at the Université du Québec à Chicoutimi in 1976. Two years later, he joined the business administration department at the Université de Sherbrooke. He became a vice-rector of the university in 1989, and four years later he defeated Marie Malavoy to become university rector.[1][2]
Reid supported the Université de Sherbrooke's links to Gaz Métropolitain, which provided a $105,000 scholarship for research in the natural gas sector.[3] He speculated about privatizing some academic programs in 1996, to find new revenue sources in light of government cutbacks.[4] In 2001, he welcomed a $4.7 million investment from the government of Canada to fund health researchers on campus.[5]
Reid made significant changes to university student funding in 2004, shifting $103 million from bursaries to repayable loans.[9] He also announced that student loans would become easier to obtain and that repayments would be proportional to income after graduation; in some cases, graduates would not be required to make payments during periods of unemployment.[10]
Student leaders and the opposition Parti Québécois strongly criticized the shift from bursaries to loans, describing it as a betrayal of the province's lower-income students.[11] The Canadian Federation of Students also criticized Reid's repayment policy, with one student leader sarcastically describing it as "Study now, pay forever".[12] Reid argued in response that his changes would allow more students to register at universities.[13]
There were several protests against Reid's funding reforms in 2004 and 2005, including one protest in February 2005 that turned violent.[14] Reid promised to re-invest "massive" funding into loans and bursaries after a revolt of the Liberal Party's youth wing in late 2004, but did not remain in the education portfolio long enough to carry this out.[15]
Reid promised in November 2004 that he would maintain Quebec's long-standing university tuition freeze during the Charest government's first mandate, but would not make any commitments beyond that time.[16]
Jewish private schools funding
In December 2004, Reid announced a new association between Quebec's public schools and Jewish private schools in a bid to improve cultural ties. This decision was made after the firebombing of one of Montreal's United Talmud Torah schools which resulted in the destruction of a library.[17]
The following month, Quebec media sources discovered that the Charest government had agreed to pay full funding to Jewish private schools through the cultural association. This was a shift from a previous policy of funding about sixty per cent of the costs.[18] The funding decision was made without cabinet approval or discussion; when it became public knowledge, Reid indicated that other private religious and cultural schools would also be eligible for such funding. Several public school officials, teachers groups, and parents groups criticized the decision on the grounds that it would undermine public education.[19]
The Charest government was ultimately forced to cancel its plans following an extremely negative public reaction. While still supporting the funding change in principle, Charest acknowledged that his government had handled the matter poorly.[20] One Montreal Gazette columnist argued that the Charest government mishandled the issue by not announcing its funding policy change from the beginning.[21] The controversy damaged Reid's public standing.[22]
High schools
In May 2003, Reid announced that francophone schools would start English lessons in the first grade and devote more class time to English-language education. The previous Parti Québécois government had brought English lessons forward from the fourth to the third grade, but had reduced the overall time devoted to English.[23]
Reid announced in 2004 that persons with serious criminal records would not receive provincial teaching certificates.[24] He dropped plans to introduce a professional teaching order after teachers voted in large numbers against the plan.[25]
Widely regarded as having mishandled the university funding and Jewish private school files, Reid was demoted to government services minister after a cabinet shuffle on February 18, 2005.[28] An editorial in the Montreal Gazette later described this as a "make-work" position for Reid.[29] This position offered him a much lower public profile, and he was dropped from cabinet entirely on February 27, 2006.[30] During his time as government services minister, Reid announced that the Charest government would replace an information management system approved by the previous ministry.[31]
Reid supported the Charest government's plan to sell part of the Mont-Orford National Park to private interests in 2006, despite the concerns of environmental groups and some Liberal backbenchers.[32] Critics noted that Reid was the friend of a key developer who stood to benefit from the sale, although Reid responded that his friend was only one of many potential buyers.[33]
Reid was narrowly re-elected in the 2007 provincial election, which reduced the Liberals to a minority government. He was returned to a third term in the 2008 election, as the Liberals regained majority status. He has not been returned to cabinet.
^Elizabeth Thompson, "A minister weaned on politics", Montreal Gazette, November 12, 1994, B1.
^"Gaz Metropolitain, Inc. Contributes To The Fondation De L'Universite De Sherbrooke" [press release], Canada NewsWire, October 24, 1997, 12:15.
^"Grad school privatized: McGill wants self-supporting post-grad programs", Canadian Press, April 12, 1996, B6.
^"Sherbrooke's research capacity receives $4.7 million shot in the arm", Canada NewsWire, 13:58.
^Kathryn May, "Ottawa creates new top-level bureaucrats," August 20, 2001, A04.
^Rhéal Séguin, "Charest sworn in as Quebec", Globe and Mail, April 30, 2003, A7.
^"Who's who in the cabinet", Montreal Gazette, April 30, 2003, A4.
^"Students decry loan decision", Montreal Gazette, August 16, 2004, A7; "Debt Crisis: Students Are Taking Action", Canada NewsWire, September 23, 2004, 18:06; Eilis Quinn, "2,000 demonstrate outside Quebec provincial Liberal meeting in Montreal", Canadian Press, November 20, 2004, 19:19; Kevin Dougherty, "Students to get bigger loans, easier terms", Montreal Gazette, April 2, 2004, A8.
^Rhéal Séguin, "Quebec ties loan repayment to students' future earnings", Globe and Mail, April 2, 2004, A7.
^Rhéal Séguin, "Quebec ties loan repayment to students' future earnings", Globe and Mail, April 2, 2004, A7.
^Les Perreaux, "Quebec introduces student loan repayment system based on income", Canadian Press, January 12, 2005, 17:16.
^"Quebec students protest against funding changes", Globe and Mail, November 11, 2004, A11.
^Eilis Quinn, "2,000 demonstrate outside Quebec provincial Liberal meeting in Montreal", Canadian Press, November 20, 2004, 19:19; Rhéal Séguin, "Violent protests mark Quebec caucus retreat", Globe and Mail, February 17, 2005, A7; Peggy Curran, "A year after Charest's bungle, who'll blink first?", Montreal Gazette, March 30, 2005, A6.
^Rhéal Séguin, "Tuition hike could be coming, Charest warns", Globe and Mail (breaking news), November 21, 2004.
^Ross Marowits, "Quebec should boost hydro capacity to enhance exports, says Charest", Canadian Press, November 21, 2004, 17:32.
^Karen Seidman, "Joining forces to ward off hate", Montreal Gazette, January 15, 2005, A6.
^"Quebec to boost funding for Jewish day schools, promote exchanges", Canadian Press, January 13, 2005, 23:45; Karen Seidman and Kevin Dougherty, "Funding for Jewish schools to be hiked: Subsidy boost to 100 % from 60 stirs controversy", Montreal Gazette, January 14, 2005, A1.
^Rhéal Séguin and Caroline Alphonso, "Quebec boosts Jewish schools", Globe and Mail, January 15, 2005, A12.
^Some of the opposition was fueled by media reports that the decision to fund Jewish private schools came only days after Jewish groups raised $750,000 for the Quebec Liberal Party. Charest angrily rejected the suggestion that there was any link between the political contributions and the policy decision, and described some of the public opposition as rooted in prejudice. Pauline Marois, then the Parti Québécois's education critic, criticized the latter statement, saying that popular opposition was in fact rooted in concern for public education. Les Perreaux, "Quebec backtracks on full Jewish-school funding; Charest cites `prejudice'", Canadian Press, January 19, 2005, 18:49; Peter Rakobowchuk, "Premier Jean Charest denies money for Jewish schools tied to fundraising", Canadian Press, January 19, 2005, 00:08; Rhéal Séguin, "Quebec abandons plan to fund religious schools", Globe and Mail, January 20, 2005, A10.
^Don Macpherson, "Charest's political stupidity is revealed for all to see" [editorial], Montreal Gazette, January 22, 2005, A31.
^Graeme Hamilton, "Cloud over Charest getting darker still", National Post, February 19, 2005, A9.
^Allison Lampert, "English instruction to start in Grade 1, new education minister confirms", Canadian Press, May 9, 2003, 11:33.
^"Quebec introduces measures to exclude future teachers with criminal past", Canadian Press, May 19, 2004, 19:42.
^Ann Carroll, "Quebec teachers decide against forming professional order", Montreal Gazette, February 20, 2004, A5; Allison Lampert, "Order for teachers abandoned: Educators hated idea proposed by Quebec", Montreal Gazette, April 22, 2005, A10.
^"Education ministers discuss joint projects to improve learning", Canada NewsWire, October 1, 2003, 12:58. In September 2004, the council announced that its priorities would be literacy, Aboriginal education, and postsecondary capacity. See "Three key priorities for ministers of education", Canada NewsWire, September 28, 2004, 14:22.
^Heather Sokoloff, "Learning curve", National Post, April 21, 2004, A17.
^Rhéal Séguin, "Demanding discipline, Charest cracks cabinet whip", Globe and Mail, February 19, 2005, A4; L. Ian MacDonald, "Quebec's government is in trouble" [editorial], National Post, February 21, 2005, A14.
^Don MacPherson, "New shuffle, same deck" [editorial], Montreal Gazette, February 28, 2006, A21.
^Rhéal Séguin, "Two ministers booted from Quebec cabinet", Globe and Mail, February 28, 2006, A7.
^Mike de Souza, "$1-billion info system gone; new one to cost half that", Montreal Gazette, June 21, 2005, A11.
^Pierre Reid, "Quebec's provincial park proposal is a balanced project" [editorial], Montreal Gazette, March 13, 2006, A21.
^Philip Authier, "Liberal brass lash back at Orford critics," Montreal Gazette, March 9, 2006, A8; Kevin Dougherty, "Orford bill is sweet deal: critic", Montreal Gazette, May 19, 2006, A12; Rita Legault, "MNA tries to dispel snowballing rumours about Orford plan", Sherbrooke Record, March 16, 2006, p. 1.
^Bill Beacon, "Former NHL head coach Pat Burns has arena in Quebec named after him", Canadian Press, March 26, 2010, 18:37.
.png)