Pierre Chirac

Pierre Chirac
Born1650
Conques, France
Died1 March 1732
Marly-le-Roi, France
NationalityFrench
EducationJesuit college in Rodez
OccupationPhysician
Known forMember of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
Notable workObservations sur les incommodités auxquelles sont sujets les équipages des vaisseaux, et de la manière de les traiter
AwardsKnighted in 1728

Pierre Chirac (1650 in Conques – 1 March 1732 in Marly-le-Roi) was a French physician and member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. He was a Superintendent of the Royal Garden of Medicinal Plants in 1718 and was knighted in 1728 then appointed first physician to Louis XV in 1730.

Life and career

He received his education in Jesuit college in Rodez. After completing these studies, at the age of 28, he went to Montpellier in 1678 to study theology. As private tutor he mentored Isaac Carquet, a pharmacist's son, who received his medical doctorate in 1684. Chirac also took a liking to medicine, left the clergy and enrolled in 1680 to study medicine. Soon he was hired by Michel Chicoyneau, Chancellor of the Faculty of Medicine, as tutor for his children.[1] During his studies, Chirac focused on anatomy, in which he expanded his knowledge to such an extent that he was allowed to teach courses in this subject himself, even before he was a doctor of medicine.

On 3 February 1686 Pierre Chirac with the nickname Orion I was elected a member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.[2][3] From 1699 he was a member of the Académie des sciences.[4]

Physician in Catalonia and Rochefort

Through the intercession of his colleague Charles de Barbeyrac (1629–1699) to Marshal Anne-Jules de Noailles, who was to command the royal army in Catalonia, Chirac managed in 1692 to obtain the post of doctor in that army. In 1715, he succeeded Wilhelm Homberg as the prince's first doctor.

Publications

  • Extrait d'une lettre écrite à Mr. Regis l'un des quatre commis pour le Journal des Sçavans. Sur la structure des cheveux, Montpellier, Gontier, 1688, in-12.[5]
  • Dissertatio academica - An incubo ferrum rubiginosum - Dissertation académique - Faut-il employer le fer rouillé contre le cauchemar ?, Montpellier, 1692, in-12[6]
  • Dissertatio academica - An passioni iliacæ globuli plumbei hydrargyro præferendi - Dissertation académique - Contre la douleur abdominale, les billes de plomb sont-elles préférables au mercure artificiel  ?, Montpellier, 1694, in-12. L'auteur se prononce pour la négative. Il explique assez exactement l'invagination intestinale
  • De motu cordis : adversaria analytica - Du mouvement du cœur : essai analytique [archive], Montpellier, 1698, in-12[7]
  • Lettres sur l'apologie de Vieussens, Montpellier, 1698, in-8°. L'illustre anatomiste Raymond Vieussens se flattait d'avoir démontré le premier l'existence d'un acide dans le sang. Chirac revendique cette découverte purement imaginaire.[8]
  • Quaestio medico-chirurgica - Utrum absoluta vulnerum suppuratione ad promovendam cicatricem praestent detergentia salino-aquea sarcoticis aliis oleosis & pinguibus quibuslibet medicamentis - Question médico-chirurgicale - Est-ce qu'en cas de suppuration complète des plaies, pour favoriser la cicatrisation les nettoyants salino-aqueux l'emporteraient sur les autres régénérants huileux et n'importe quels médicaments gras[9]
  • Observations sur les incommodités auxquelles sont sujets les équipages des vaisseaux, et de la manière de les traiter. Paris, 1724, in-8°[10]

References

  1. ^ Holenstein, André; Stuber, Martin; Gerber-Visser, Gerrendina (2007-01-01). Cardanus 7: Nützliche Wissenschaft und Ökonomie im Ancien Régime: Akteure, Themen, Kommunikationsformen (in German). Palatina Verlag. ISBN 978-3-932608-26-1.
  2. ^ Johann Ferdinand Neigebaur (1860). Geschichte der kaiserlichen Leopold carolinischen deutschen Akademie der Naturforscherwährend ... (in German). Harvard University. Friedrich Fromann.
  3. ^ Willi Ule, Hermann Knoblauch (1889). Geschichte der kaiserlichen Leopoldinisch-carolinischen deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher ... (in German). unknown library. Druck von E. Blochmann und sohn in Dresden.
  4. ^ "Les membres du passé dont le nom commence par C | Liste des membres depuis la création de l'Académie des sciences | Membres | Nous connaître". www.academie-sciences.fr. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
  5. ^ "3. Extrait d'une lettre de Mr. Ch. Hermite de Paris à Mr. Borchardt de Berlin sur le nombre des racines d'une équation algébrique comprises entre des limites données", Band 52, De Gruyter, pp. 39–51, 1856-12-31, doi:10.1515/9783112336540-003, ISBN 9783112336533, retrieved 2022-01-19
  6. ^ "V. An account of Books, Viz. 1. Petri chirai, consilarii, medici & professioris regii monspeliensis de Motu cordis Ad. versaria analytica monsp. 1698 in 12. 2. Ejusdem Dissertatio Academica An Incubo Terrum rubiginosum? Monsp. 1694 in 12. 3. Ejusdem Dissertatio Academica An Passioni Itiacæ Globuli plumbei Hydrargyro Preserendi. Monsp. 1694. in 12. 4. Christiani a Steenvelt dissertatio, de Ulcere verminoso ad Clarissimum virum Godesridum Eidloo. Lugd. Bat. apud Jordanum Luchmans. 1697. in 40. pag. 24. 5". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 22 (263): 567–582. April 1700. doi:10.1098/rstl.1700.0029. ISSN 0261-0523.
  7. ^ CHIRAC, Pierre (1698). Petri Chirac ... de motu cordis adversaria analytica (in Latin).
  8. ^ médicine.), JULIEN (Docteur en (1699). Réponse ... à l'Apologie de Mr Vieussens, Doct. en Médecine de l'Univ. de Montpelier. [In reference to the invention "de tirer l'esprit acide du sel fixe du sang," claimed alike by him and M. Chirac.] Seconde partie. (Pièces justificatives, etc.) (in French).
  9. ^ Chirac, Pierre (1742). Observations de chirurgie, sur la nature et le traitement des playes (in French). Chés Herissant.
  10. ^ Rousset de Missy, Jean (1733). Observations sur l'origine, la constitution, et la nature des vers-de-mer : qui percent les vaisseaux les pilliers, les jetées et les estacades /. A la Haye: Chez Adrien Moetjens. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.159819.

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