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Philip Pearsall Carpenter
Philip Pearsall Carpenter
Born	11 April 1819; Bristol, Somerset, England, United Kingdom
Died	24 May 1877 (aged 58); Ste-Antoine Ward, Montreal, Quebec, Canada nationality = British
Years active	1841–1877
Known for	Minister, malacologist, conchologist
Spouse	Minnie Meyer
Parent(s)	Lant Carpenter, Anna Penn
Relatives	William Benjamin Carpenter (brother); Mary Carpenter (sister); Russell Lant Carpenter (brother)

Philip Pearsall Carpenter (4 November 1819 – 24 May 1877) was an English minister who emigrated to Canada, where his field work as a malacologist or conchologist is still well regarded today.^[1] A man of many talents, he wrote, published, taught, and was a volunteer explaining the growing study of shells in North America.^[2]^[3]

Life

Philip P. Carpenter was born in Bristol, England on 4 November 1819. His father was Lant Carpenter, a notable educator and Unitarian minister. His mother was Anna or Hannah Penn, daughter of John Penn and Mary. Anna was christened on 11 May 1787 in Bromsgrove, Worcester.^[4]

P. P. Carpenter, as he was called, was educated at Trinity Bristol College, and then Manchester College (then at York, now at Oxford), gaining a BA from the University of London in 1841, the year of his ordination as a minister.^[5] Carpenter was a vegetarian and joined the Vegetarian Society in 1851.^[6]

Carpenter was a Presbyterian minister in Warrington between 1846 and 1862 and he studied the collection of shells in the local museum between 1860 and 1865, before moving to Canada. He earned a Doctorate of Philosophy in 1860.^[7] He married Minnie Meyer in 1860. Minnie was born about 1830 in Hamburg, Germany. Her parents are unknown.

Carpenter died 24 May 1877 in the Saint Antoine Ward of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, of typhoid complicated by rheumatism.^[8]^[9] His widow was still living in their house in 1881.^[10]

The town of his birth erected a memorial drinking fountain to him, in Bank Gardens by the town hall.

Notable siblings

Mary Carpenter was born on 3 April 1807 in Kidderminster, Worcester. She was a social reformer.^[4] who founded of the Ragged school movement. She died on 14 June 1877 and was buried in Arnos Vale, Bristol, England. She is mentioned in brother William's insert in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography by Charles Coulton Gillispie.

William Benjamin Carpenter was born on 29 October 1813 in Exeter, Devon, England. He became a zoologist and worked as his brother did on invertebrates. He died on 19 November 1885 in London and was buried in Highgate Cemetery, London.^[4]

Partial bibliography

Gould, A.A., and P.P. Carpenter. 1856. Descriptions of shells from the Gulf of California and the Pacific coasts of Mexico and California. Part II. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1856(24): 198–208.
Carpenter, P.P. 1856. Monograph of the shells collected by T. Nuttall, Esq., on the California coast, in the years 1834–5. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1856(24):209–229.
Carpenter, P.P. 1857. Report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 1856: 159–368 + 4 plates.
Carpenter, P.P. 1857. Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells, in the British Museum: collected by Frederick Reigen. London. 552 pp.
Carpenter, P.P. 1857. Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells, in the British Museum: collected by Frederick Reigen. 2nd ed. Oberlin Press, Warrington i–viii + i–xii + 552 pp.
Carpenter, P.P. [1857] 1967. [reprint of] Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells, in the British Museum: collected by Frederick Reigen. [British Museum, London] Paleontological Research Institute, Ithaca, NY i–iv + ix–xvi + 552 pp.
Carpenter, P.P. 1860. Lectures on molluscs. Smithsonian Report 1860:117.Carpenter, P.P. 1872. The molluscs of Western North America, 1872. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 12: 1–446.

References

^ Palmer, K.V.W. 1956. Philip P. Carpenter, his life and work in Pacific Coast conchology. (Abstract). American Malacological Union, Inc. Annual Reports. 1956(22):5–6.
^ See: http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/~ksc/Malacologists/CarpenterP.P.html which lists his volunteer positions among his other occupations; 1833–1858 British Museum and 1858–1860 New York State Cabinet of Natural History in Albany, NY.
^ Dall, W.H. 1877. Dr. Philip Pearsall Carpenter. American Naturalist 11(8):504–505., "Dr. P.P. Carpenter was educated as a clergyman, and may be said to have never left the clerical mantle, so far as a continuance of earnest labors in all matters of moral and sanitary reform may be concerned.
^ ^a ^b ^c Carpenters' Encyclopedia of Carpenters 2009, DVD format. The subject in RIN 25572.
^ Carpenter, Philip Pearsall; Carpenter, Russell Lant (1880). Memoirs of the Life and Work of Philip Pearsall Carpenter: Chiefly Derived from His Letters. London: C. Kegan Paul & Company. p. 35.
^ Carpenter, Philip Pearsall. (1880). Memoirs of the Life and Work of Philip Pearsall Carpenter. C. Kegan Paul & Company. p. 161
^ Coan, E.V. 1969. A bibliography of the biological writings of Philip Pearsall Carpenter. Veliger 12(2):222–225. His degree focused on Conchology. Pandoridae, Caecidae, and Chitonidae from the Regents of the State of New York.
^ Conde, V. 1961. Redpath Museum. [A memorial to Philip Pearsall Carpenter]. (Abstract). American Malacological Union, Inc. Annual Reports. 1960(27):12–13.
^ Dall, W.H. 1877. Dr. Philip Pearsall Carpenter. American Naturalist 11(8):504–505.
^ Carpenters' Encyclopedia of Carpenters 2009, DVD format. Canada census schedules 1881, Department of Agriculture, Public Archives of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario; nos.: C-13162 – C-13286, Rec. group 31 – C-13219 page 79, household 347.