Perfluorobutane

Perfluorobutane
Structural formula of perfluorobutane
Ball-and-stick model of perfluorobutane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Decafluorobutane[1]
Other names
Perflubutane (USAN)
DFB
Halocarbon 610
R610
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.005.983 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 206-580-3
KEGG
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C4F10/c5-1(6,3(9,10)11)2(7,8)4(12,13)14 ☒N
    Key: KAVGMUDTWQVPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1/C4F10/c5-1(6,3(9,10)11)2(7,8)4(12,13)14
    Key: KAVGMUDTWQVPDF-UHFFFAOYAC
  • C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)(F)F
Properties
C4F10
Molar mass 238.028 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Density 11.21 kg/m3 (gas, 101.3 kPa at boiling point)[2]
1594 kg/m3 (liquid, 101.3 kPa at boiling point)[2] [dead link‍]
Melting point −128 °C (−198 °F; 145 K)[3]
Boiling point −1.7 °C (28.9 °F; 271.4 K)[2]
1.5 mg/L (101.3 kPa)[3]
log P > 3.93 (n-octanol/water)[3]
Vapor pressure 330.3 kPa (at 25 °C)[3]
Viscosity 0.0001218 Poise[2]
Hazards
Safety data sheet (SDS) MSDS at Linde Gas
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Perfluorobutane (PFB) is an inert, high-density colorless gas. It is a simple fluorocarbon with a n-butane skeleton and all the hydrogen atoms replaced with fluorine atoms.

Uses

Perfluorobutane can replace Halon 1301 in fire extinguishers,[4] as well as the gas component for newer generation microbubble ultrasound contrast agents. Sonazoid[5] is one such microbubble formulation developed by Amersham Health that uses perfluorobutane for the gas core.

Due to its inert nature and high density, inhaling perfluorobutane makes one's voice deeper. Caution is advised as heavier gases are difficult to breathe out and may cause inert gas asphyxiation.

Environmental impacts

If perfluorobutane is released to the environment, it will not be broken down in air. It is not expected to be broken down by sunlight. It will move into air from soil and water surfaces. If it is exposed to conditions of extreme heat from misuse, equipment failure, etc., toxic decomposition products including hydrogen fluoride can be produced.[6]

Perfluorobutane has an estimated lifetime greater than 2600 years. Perfluorobutane has a high global warming potential value of 4800.[7] Its ozone depletion potential is zero.[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ "Front Matter". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 33. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. The prefix 'per-' is no longer recommended.
  2. ^ a b c d "Perfluorobutane (R610)". Gas Encyclopaedia. Air Liquide. Retrieved November 1, 2012.
  3. ^ a b c d "Summary Report: PERFLUOROBUTANE". Archived from the original on 2013-05-16.
  4. ^ "Perfluorobutane — Full Public Report". National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme. 1996. Archived from the original on 2012-02-11.
  5. ^ "Sonoazoid - US TIP".
  6. ^ "Perflubutane". PubChem. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
  7. ^ "Global Warming Potentials (IPCC Second Assessment Report)". United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Retrieved 27 December 2019.