Peptaibol

Identifiers
SymbolN/A
TCDB1.D.5
OPM superfamily44
OPM protein1ob7

Peptaibols are biologically active peptides containing between seven and twenty amino acid residues, some of which are non-proteinogenic amino acids. In particular, they contain α-aminoisobutyric acid along with other unusual aminoacids such as ethylnorvaline, isovaline and hydroxyproline; the N-terminus is acetylated, and the C-terminal amino acid is hydroxylated to an acid alcohol. They are named pebtaibols due to them being peptides containing α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) and ending in an alcohol.[1] They are produced by certain fungi, mainly in the genus Trichoderma, as secondary metabolites which function as antibiotics and antifungal agents.[1][2] Some are referred to as trichorzianines.[3] They are amphipathic which allows them to form voltage-dependent ion channels in cell membranes which create holes in the membrane making them leaky and leading to the death of the cells. As of 2001, over 317 peptaibols had been identified.[1] The most widely known peptaibol is alamethicin.

References

  1. ^ a b c Chugh JK, Wallace BA (August 2001). "Peptaibols: models for ion channels". Biochemical Society Transactions. 29 (Pt 4): 565–70. doi:10.1042/bst0290565. PMID 11498029.
  2. ^ Stoppacher N, Reithner B, Omann M, Zeilinger S, Krska R, Schuhmacher R (2007). "Profiling of trichorzianines in culture samples of Trichoderma atroviride by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 21 (24): 3963–70. Bibcode:2007RCMS...21.3963S. doi:10.1002/rcm.3301. PMID 18008385.
  3. ^ Schirmbock M, Lorito M, Wang YL, Hayes CK, Arisan-Atac I, Scala F, Harman GE, Kubicek CP (December 1994). "Parallel Formation and Synergism of Hydrolytic Enzymes and Peptaibol Antibiotics, Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Antagonistic Action of Trichoderma harzianum against Phytopathogenic Fungi". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 60 (12): 4364–70. Bibcode:1994ApEnM..60.4364S. doi:10.1128/AEM.60.12.4364-4370.1994. PMC 201994. PMID 7811076.

Read other articles:

Acronia nigra

Acronia nigra Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Arthropoda Kelas: Insecta Ordo: Coleoptera Famili: Cerambycidae Subfamili: Lamiinae Genus: Acronia Spesies: Acronia nigra Acronia nigra adalah spesies kumbang tanduk panjang yang tergolong famili Cerambycidae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari genus Acronia, ordo Coleoptera, kelas Insecta, filum Arthropoda, dan kingdom Animalia. Larva kumbang ini biasanya mengebor ke dalam kayu dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada batang kayu hi...

 

 

Bukit Fraser

Artikel ini menggunakan kata-kata yang berlebihan dan hiperbolis tanpa memberikan informasi yang jelas. Silakan buang istilah-istilah yang hiperbolis tersebut. (Pelajari cara dan kapan saatnya untuk menghapus pesan templat ini) Bukit Fraser (Inggris: Fraser's Hillcode: en is deprecated ) adalah resor bukit yang terletak di Punggung Bukit Titiwangsa di Negara Bagian Pahang, Malaysia. Bukit Fraser mendapatkan namanya dari James Louis Fraser, seorang petualang kolonial dan pemburu hebat asal Bri...

 

 

Snyder's of Hanover

American pretzel company Not to be confused with Snyder of Berlin. Snyder's of Hanover, Inc.Company typeSubsidiaryIndustryPretzelsFounded1909 (1909)FounderHarry V. WarehimeHeadquartersHanover, Pennsylvania, U.S.Key peopleMichael Warehime (Chairman) Carl Lee (President, CEO)[1]ProductsSee products sectionRevenueUS$652 millionParentCampbell Soup CompanySubsidiariesJays FoodsWebsitewww.snydersofhanover.com Snyder's of Hanover is an American bakery and pretzel brand distribution comp...

Victoria Regional Transit System

Transit system of Greater Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Not to be confused with Public Transport Victoria in Australia. Victoria Regional Transit SystemFounded1890Headquarters520 Gorge Road EastVictoria, British ColumbiaService typeBus service, paratransitAllianceBC TransitRoutes58Hubs8[1]Fleet355[2]Daily ridership108,500 (weekdays, Q4 2023)[3]Annual ridership26,377,500 (2023)[4]OperatorBus service: BC TransitHandyDART: FarwestWebsitebctransit.com/vic...

 

 

Urutan waktu Perang Dunia II (1944)

Urutan Waktu Perang Dunia II Kronologi Sebelum (Asia · Eropa) 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Topik Front Timur Proyek Manhattan Berikut merupakan urutan waktu peristiwa yang terjadi sepanjang Perang Dunia II. Januari 1944 Januari 1944 1 15 4: Pertempuran Monte Cassino dimulai 4: Rusia menyeberang ke Polandia dari front Ukraina 9: Pasukan Britania menduduki Maungdaw, Burma, sebuah pelabuhan penting bagi persediaan Sekutu. 11: Pertempuran pertama Monte Cassino. Amerika dikalahkan...

 

 

内华达州

内華達州 美國联邦州State of Nevada 州旗州徽綽號：產銀之州、起戰之州地图中高亮部分为内華達州坐标：35°N－42°N, 114°W－120°W国家 美國建州前內華達领地加入聯邦1864年10月31日（第36个加入联邦）首府卡森城最大城市拉斯维加斯政府 • 州长（英语：List of Governors of {{{Name}}}]]） • 副州长（英语：List of lieutenant governors of {{{Name}}}]]）喬·隆巴爾多（R斯塔...

Новотитаровское сельское поселение

Сельское поселение России (МО 2-го уровня)Новотитаровское сельское поселение Флаг[d] Герб 45°14′09″ с. ш. 38°58′16″ в. д.HGЯO Страна  Россия Субъект РФ Краснодарский край Район Динской Включает 4 населённых пункта Адм. центр Новотитаровская Глава сельского пос�...

 

 

銮披汶·颂堪

銮披汶·頌堪แปลก พิบูลสงคราม第3任泰國總理任期1938年12月16日—1944年8月1日君主國王拉玛八世前任披耶帕凤侯爵继任寬·阿派旺第8任泰國總理任期1948年4月8日—1957年9月16日君主國王拉玛九世前任寬·阿派旺继任乃朴·沙拉信 个人资料出生貝·基達桑卡(1897-07-14)1897年7月14日 暹罗暖武里府逝世1964年6月11日(1964歲—06—11)（66歲） 日本神奈川縣相模原市国籍&#...

 

 

格奥尔基·季米特洛夫

此條目之中立性有争议。其內容、語調可能帶有明顯的個人觀點或地方色彩。 (2011年6月)加上此模板的編輯者需在討論頁說明此文中立性有爭議的原因，以便讓各編輯者討論和改善。在編輯之前請務必察看讨论页。 格奥尔基·季米特洛夫保加利亚共产党中央委员会总书记任期1948年8月—1949年7月2日前任自己（第一书记）继任维尔科·契尔文科夫保加利亚共产党中央委员会第一�...

土库曼斯坦总统

土库曼斯坦总统土库曼斯坦国徽土库曼斯坦总统旗現任谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫自2022年3月19日官邸阿什哈巴德总统府（Oguzkhan Presidential Palace）機關所在地阿什哈巴德任命者直接选举任期7年，可连选连任首任萨帕尔穆拉特·尼亚佐夫设立1991年10月27日 土库曼斯坦土库曼斯坦政府与政治 国家政府 土库曼斯坦宪法 国旗 国徽 国歌 立法機關（英语：National Council of Turkmenistan） ...

 

 

アプリケーションソフトウェア

「アプリケーション」はこの項目へ転送されています。英語の意味については「wikt:応用」、「wikt:application」をご覧ください。 この記事には複数の問題があります。改善やノートページでの議論にご協力ください。 出典がまったく示されていないか不十分です。内容に関する文献や情報源が必要です。（2018年4月） 古い情報を更新する必要があります。（2021年3月）出...

 

 

Filariasis limfatik

Artikel ini memberikan informasi dasar tentang topik kesehatan. Informasi dalam artikel ini hanya boleh digunakan untuk penjelasan ilmiah; bukan untuk diagnosis diri dan tidak dapat menggantikan diagnosis medis. Wikipedia tidak memberikan konsultasi medis. Jika Anda perlu bantuan atau hendak berobat, berkonsultasilah dengan tenaga kesehatan profesional. Filariasis limfatikGambar perempuan pengidap penyakit kaki gajah.Informasi umumSpesialisasiPenyakit menular  Lymphatic filariasis juga d...

List of ex-Muslim organisations

This article is about organisations by and for ex-Muslims. For the sociological perspectives of ex-Muslims, see Ex-Muslims. For a general description of the religious and legal meaning and implications of the concept and process of apostasy from Islam, see Apostasy in Islam. For the situation of actual or purported apostates from Islam (ex-Muslims) in each individual country, see Apostasy in Islam by country. The Central Council of Ex-Muslims, founded in Germany in January 2007, was the firs...

 

 

Rex J. Walheim

American astronaut, engineer and USAF colonel (born 1962) Rex WalheimWalheim in 2011BornRex Joseph Walheim (1962-10-10) October 10, 1962 (age 61)Redwood City, California, U.S.EducationUniversity of California, Berkeley (BS)University of Houston (MS)Space careerNASA astronautRankColonel, USAFTime in space36d 8h 31m[1]SelectionNASA Group 16 (1996)MissionsSTS-110STS-122STS-135Mission insignia Rex Joseph Walheim (born October 10, 1962) is a retired United States Air Force officer, en...

 

 

Alphavirus infection

Medical conditionAlphavirus infectionSurface of an Alphavirus.SpecialtyDermatology Alphavirus infection may be caused by a Sindbis virus infection, and result in a cutaneous eruption of multiple, erythematous, 4- to 4-mm papules.[1]: 403  See also Alphavirus Skin lesion References ^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0. vteSkin infections, symptoms and ...

Natchez National Historical Park

National Historical Park of the United States United States historic placeNatchez National Historical ParkU.S. National Register of Historic PlacesU.S. National Historical Park Melrose, one of the sites preserved in the parkShow map of MississippiShow map of the United StatesLocationNatchez, Adams County, Mississippi, USACoordinates31°32′36″N 91°22′59″W / 31.54333°N 91.38306°W / 31.54333; -91.38306Area108.07 acres (0.4373 km2)Visitation206,624 (2011)We...

 

 

Alexander Bard

Musician, record producer, author, and activist Alexander BardBard in 2007BornAlexander Bengt Magnus Bard (1961-03-17) 17 March 1961 (age 63)Motala, SwedenOccupations Singer songwriter musician author lecturer philosopher Years active1982–presentMusical careerGenres Pop electronica Instrument(s) Vocals guitar piano keyboards Musical artist Alexander Bengt Magnus Bard (born 17 March 1961) is a Swedish musician, author, lecturer, artist, songwriter, music producer, TV personality, r...

 

 

Achmad Jaka Santos Adiwijaya

Achmad Jaka Santos Adiwijaya Sekretaris Otorita Ibu Kota NusantaraPetahanaMulai menjabat 13 Oktober 2022PendahuluJabatan baruPenggantiPetahana Informasi pribadiLahir IndonesiaKebangsaanIndonesiaAlma materUniversitas PadjajaranProfesiBirokratDosenSunting kotak info • L • B Dr. Achmad Jaka Santos Adiwijaya S.H., LLM aka Jhoni Gudhel adalah seorang doktor ilmu hukum yang menjabat Sekretaris Otorita Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) sejak 13 Oktober 2022. Sebelumnya Jaka adalah seorang a...

Moshe Landau

Israeli judge Moshe LandauSupreme Court of Israel judgeIn office1953–1982President of the Supreme Court of IsraelIn office1980–1982Preceded byYoel ZussmanSucceeded byYitzhak Kahan Personal detailsBorn(1912-04-29)29 April 1912Danzig, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany (present-day Gdańsk, Poland)Died1 May 2011(2011-05-01) (aged 99)Jerusalem, Israel Moshe Landau (Hebrew: משה לנדוי) (29 April 1912 – 1 May 2011)[1] was an Israeli judge. He served on the Supreme Court of Israe...

 

 

白金台駅

白金台駅 1番出入口（2019年5月） しろかねだい Shirokanedai 所在地 東京都港区白金台四丁目5-10北緯35度38分16.4秒 東経139度43分34秒 / 北緯35.637889度 東経139.72611度 / 35.637889; 139.72611座標: 北緯35度38分16.4秒 東経139度43分34秒 / 北緯35.637889度 東経139.72611度 / 35.637889; 139.72611所属事業者 東京地下鉄（東京メトロ）東京都交通局（都営地下鉄）電報略...