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Peciu Nou
Peciu Nou
Commune
	The Roman Catholic church in Peciu Nou
	Coat of arms
	Location in Timiș County
	Peciu Nou Location in Romania
	Coordinates: 45°36′N 21°3′E / 45.600°N 21.050°E
Country	Romania
County	Timiș
Government
• Mayor (2020–2024)	Gabriel Drăgan (PSD)
Area	135.25 km2 (52.22 sq mi)
Population (2021-12-01)	4,931
• Density	36/km2 (94/sq mi)
Time zone	EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code	307310–307312
Vehicle reg.	TM
Website	primariapeciunou.ro

Peciu Nou (Serbian: Улбеч, romanized: Ulbeč; German: Ulmbach or Neuwien, "New Vienna"; Hungarian: Újpécs) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Diniaș, Peciu Nou (commune seat) and Sânmartinu Sârbesc.

Name

Romanian	Hungarian	German	Serbian
Diniaș	Torontáldinnyés	Diniasch	Дињаш/Dinjaš
Peciu Nou	Újpécs	Ulmbach or Neuwien	Улбеч/Ulbeč
Sânmartinu Sârbesc	Szerbszentmárton	Raitzisch St. Martin	Српски Семартон/Srpski Semarton

History

The territory of the commune has been inhabited since ancient times. During the Dacian statehood and the Roman rulership, a Roman colony was established here under the name Vibech.^[2] During the Migration Period, Peciu Nou fell under Hungarian rule; the first recorded mention of Peciu Nou also comes from this time (1332, Veybech).^[4] Between 1401–1406, the locality was a royal domain with urban status (opidum regis Vybech).^[4] In 1526 Hungary became a pashalik; after this period the sultan colonized many Serbs in Banat, and the name of the locality was changed from Vibech to Peciui.^[2]

The locality did not appear on Count Mercy's maps from 1723–1725, suggesting that the settlement was destroyed during the Ottoman–Habsburg wars. The first German settlers arrived here in 1723 and came mainly from Cologne and Mainz.^[2] The conscription (census) of 1743 noted a settlement with the name Uypez. At one time it was also called Neu Wien ("New Vienna").

Demographics

Ethnic composition (2011)^[5]

Romanians (77.84%)

Serbs (13.53%)

Hungarians (2.03%)

Ukrainians (1.14%)

Unknown (3.81%)

Others (1.65%)

Religious composition (2011)^[6]

Orthodox (73.4%)

Serbian Orthodox (10.8%)

Pentecostals (5.36%)

Roman Catholics (2.71%)

Greek Catholics (1.61%)

Unknown (4.03%)

Others (2.09%)

Peciu Nou had a population of 4,982 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 0.2% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (77.84%), with the larger minorities being Serbs (13.53%), Hungarians (2.03%) and Ukrainians (1.14%). 3.81% of the population's ethnicity is unknown.^[5] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (73.4%), but there are also minorities of Serbian Orthodox (10.8%), Pentecostals (5.36%), Roman Catholics (2.71%) and Greek Catholics (1.61%). 4.03% of the population's religious affiliation is unknown.^[6]

Census^[7]		Ethnic composition
Year	Population	Romanians	Hungarians	Germans	Roma	Ukrainians	Serbs
1880	4,829	82	84	1,928	–	–	2,694
1890	5,549	40	102	2,314	–	1	3,079
1900	5,831	38	105	2,331	–	–	3,349
1910	5,862	94	138	2,301	–	–	3,304
1920	5,627	68	86	2,228	–	–	–
1930	5,639	127	96	2,124	20	–	3,263
1941	5,773	209	102	2,253	–	–	–
1956	5,794	1,454	108	1,387	37	–	2,801
1966	6,059	1,956	105	1,723	37	–	2,231
1977	5,946	2,249	114	1,610	88	62	1,810
1992	4,871	3,332	109	125	29	70	1,200
2002	4,992	3,773	113	53	43	80	926
2011	4,982	3,878	101	40	35	57	674