Originally, Parnell Street was part of the ancient road connecting the old city to the northern coast, with Father Mathew Bridge connecting Church Street and Wood Quay in the east, to Ballybough and Fairview in the west.
In the 19th century, the street continued to develop as a mainly commercial area with prominent businesses established on the street such as St Peter's Bakery towards the end of the century near Gardiner Street and Mooney's pub opposite the Rotunda hospital.[2][3]
20th century
The Parnell Monument was constructed at the junction of Parnell Street and O'Connell Street in 1906-07.[1] Formerly Great Britain Street,[4] the street was renamed after Charles Stewart Parnell when Dublin Corporation adopted a resolution on 1 October 1911, after the erection of the statue to Parnell on the street as it meets O'Connell Street.[5] The statue was created by Irish-American sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens. Saint-Gaudens stated that "I wish to make the Parnell monument the crowning work of my life."[6]
The western end of Parnell Street was substantially redeveloped from the end of the 20th century up to 2008. The urban regeneration came after road plans by Dublin Corporation devastated the street in the 1970s with wholesale demolition of buildings when it was scheduled to be part of the Inner Tangent Road scheme, causing widespread dereliction. A significant portion of the original Georgian and Victorian architecture was destroyed, with numerous houses demolished and subsequently replaced mostly by apartment buildings of a much larger scale. The street was developed into a dual-carriageway.
The Ilac Centre is the oldest shopping centre in the city and has an entrance onto Parnell Street.[7] The construction of the centre involved the wholesale demolition of hundreds of buildings and many streets and laneways including the disappearance of prominent connecting streets such as Little Denmark Street.
Regeneration
Moore Street Mall also has an entrance on Parnell Street. Cineworld (UGC) cinema on Parnell Street is the largest cinema in Ireland, with 17 screens. The street also has an Aldi supermarket and a wide variety of modern international and specialist ethnic retail.
A Stringfellow's restaurant and strip club operated on Parnell Street for a number of months before closing because of poor trading performance. Various residents' associations, women's groups and Christian groups had campaigned against it, and its demise has been linked to those protests.
The eastern end of Parnell Street, having remained comparatively undeveloped, is now home to a thriving immigrant community. The proliferation of Chinese and Korean restaurants has lent the east side the reputation of being Dublin's Chinatown. One of the first people to open a Chinese restaurant in Dublin, William Wong, stated it was an Irish missionary Dominican nun who encouraged him to emigrate to Ireland with his family.[6] There is also a significant presence of African and East and Central European businesses at the eastern end.