Panchet Formation

Panchet Formation
Stratigraphic range: Early Triassic, Induan
↓
TypeGeological formation
UnderliesSupra Panchet Formation
OverliesRaniganj Formation
Location
Coordinates23°36′N 87°00′E / 23.6°N 87.0°E / 23.6; 87.0
Approximate paleocoordinates55°30′S 60°12′E / 55.5°S 60.2°E / -55.5; 60.2
RegionWest Bengal, Jharkhand
Country India

The Panchet Formation is an Early Triassic geological formation from the Damodar Valley of India.[1][2]

It is among the few geological formations outside of Russia, South Africa, and China that documents the recovery of global ecosystems immediately after the Permian-Triassic extinction. It shares similar traits to some of these other formations, including the dominance of Lystrosaurus and the primary predators being proterosuchid reptiles. It also preserves a diversity of temnospondyl amphibians.[3][4]

Palaeobiota

Synapsids

Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Lystrosaurus

L. murrayi

A lystrosaurid dicynodont. Synonyms include L. orientalis and L. rajurkari. Lystrosaurus_BW
L. cf. curvatus A lystrosaurid dicynodont.
L. cf. declivis A lystrosaurid dicynodont.
Panchetocynodon P. damodarensis A cynodont of uncertain affinity.
Thrinaxodon

T. bengalensis

A thrinaxodontid cynodont. Considered a nomen nudum. The specimen is lost.

Amphibians

Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
?Benthosuchidae indet.
Capulomala C. panchetensis A plagiosaurid temnospondyl.
Gonioglyptus

G. fragilis

A trematosaurid temnospondyl.
G. longirostris
Indobrachyops I. panchetensis A rhytidosteid temnospondyl.
Indolyrocephalus I. huxleyi A trematosaurid.
Lydekkerina L. sp. A lydekkerinid temnospondyl.
Pachygonia P. incurvata Possibly a brachyopid temnospondyl.
Manubrantlia M. khaki A lapillopsid temnospondyl
Tupilakosaurus T. sp A tupilakosaurid temnospondyl.

Reptiles

Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Samsarasuchus S. pamelae A proterosuchid archosauriform.
?"Teratosaurus" T. bengalensis A dubious archosauriform represented by a single tooth, formerly considered a rauisuchian but most likely a proterosuchid.[3]
Ankistrodon A. indicus Dubious proterosuchid.
Neodiapsida indet. A non-archosauromorph diapsid, known from an ilium.[4]

Fish

Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Acrolepidae indet. An acrolepid fish.
Perleididae indet. A perleidid fish.
Chondrichthyes indet. A cartilaginous fish.
Ceratodontidae indet. A ceratodontid lungfish.

See also

References

  1. ^ Romano, Marco; Bernardi, Massimo; Petti, Fabio Massimo; Rubidge, Bruce; Hancox, John; Benton, Michael J. (2020). "Early Triassic terrestrial tetrapod fauna: a review". Earth-Science Reviews. 210: 103331. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103331.
  2. ^ Bandyopadhyay, Saswati; Ray, Sanghamitra (2020-03-01). "Gondwana Vertebrate Faunas of India: Their Diversity and Intercontinental Relationships". Episodes. 43 (1): 438–460. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2020/020028. ISSN 0705-3797.
  3. ^ a b Ezcurra, Martín D.; Bandyopadhyay, Saswati; Sengupta, Dhurjati P.; Sen, Kasturi; Sennikov, Andrey G.; Sookias, Roland B.; Nesbitt, Sterling J.; Butler, Richard J. (25 October 2023). "A new archosauriform species from the Panchet Formation of India and the diversification of Proterosuchidae after the end-Permian mass extinction". Royal Society Open Science. 10 (10). doi:10.1098/rsos.230387. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 10598453. PMID 37885992.
  4. ^ a b Ezcurra, Martín D.; Bandyopadhyay, Saswati; Sen, Kasturi (March 2022). "A new faunistic component of the Lower Triassic Panchet Formation of India increases the continental non-archosauromorph neodiapsid record in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction". Journal of Paleontology. 96 (2): 428–438. doi:10.1017/jpa.2021.100. ISSN 0022-3360.

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