In 1795 it was renamed Olgopol (Russian: Ольгополь) by Catherine II in the name of her granddaughter, Olga Pavlovna. It was also known as Holopol.[1][3] In 1797, the uyezd seat was moved from Chechelnik to Olhopil.[1] It was administratively located in the Podolia Governorate. The Jewish population in 1847 was 247. As of 1876, the town was home to 176 nobles and 41 clergy.[1] A distillery was established in 1876.[1] In the 1880s, there were also a tallow candle factory and a brickworks.[1] Several small annual fairs and a weekly market were held in the town.[1]
Olhopil suffered heavily in 1919 at the hands of the Ukrainian bands which were active in the surroundings. Jews were also attacked by the armies of Anton Ivanovich Denikin. In 1926 the Jewish population numbered 1,660 (76.4% of the total). At the time of the German-Romanian occupation (July 1941), most of the Jews fled from the townlet, which was incorporated into the Transnistria Governorate of Romania. The Jews who remained were concentrated into a ghetto together with about 600 Jews who had been expelled from Bessarabia and Bukovina, all of them being submitted to forced labor in the vicinity.[4]
Population
Language
Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:[5]
According to the 1897 census, the population was 59.5% Ukrainian, 30.3% Jewish, 7.7% Russian, 1.1% Tatar, 0.85% Polish, 0.21% Chuvash, 0.12% Latvian.[2]
^ abcdefghiSłownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VII (in Polish). Warszawa. 1886. p. 481.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ abПервая Всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи, 1897 г. (in Russian). Vol. XXXII. 1904. pp. 98–101.
^Kessler, Arthur (2024). Spitzer, Leo (ed.). A Doctor's Memoir of the Romanian Holocaust: Survival in Lager Vapniarka and the Ghettos of Transnistria. Rochester Studies in East and Central Europe. Rochester NY: University of Rochester Press. pp. 99–154. ISBN978-1-64825-093-4.
