Oborniki

For the town in Lower Silesia, see Oborniki Śląskie.

Oborniki
Market Square (Rynek) in Oborniki
Market Square (Rynek) in Oborniki
Flag of Oborniki
Flag
Coat of arms of Oborniki
Coat of arms
Official logo of Oborniki
Brandmark
Oborniki is located in Poland
Oborniki
Oborniki
Coordinates: 52°39′N 16°49′E / 52.650°N 16.817°E / 52.650; 16.817
Country Poland
Voivodeship Greater Poland
CountyOborniki
GminaOborniki
Town rights13th century
Area
 • Total
14.08 km2 (5.44 sq mi)
Population
 (2006)
 • Total
17,850
 • Density1,300/km2 (3,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
64-600
Area code+48 61
License platesPOB
Websitehttps://www.oborniki.pl/

Oborniki [ɔbɔrˈɲikʲi] is a town in west-central Poland, in Greater Poland Voivodeship, about 30 km (19 mi) north of Poznań. It is the capital of Oborniki County and of Gmina Oborniki. Its population is 18,176 (2005).

History

Rynek (Market Square) in the interbellum

Oborniki was granted town rights before 1292.[1] Duke Bolesław the Pious founded a Franciscan monastery in Oborniki in the 13th century.[2] It was a royal town of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the Poznań County in the Poznań Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province.[3] It was frequently visited by King Władysław II Jagiełło.[2] As a result of the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, it was annexed by Prussia. After the successful Greater Poland uprising of 1806, it was regained by Poles and became part of the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. In 1815 it was annexed by Prussia for the second time. The townspeople fought in the struggles for liberation of Poland, including the November Uprising, Greater Poland uprising (1848), January Uprising and the victorious post-World War I Greater Poland Uprising, as a result of which the town was integrated with the reestablished Polish state in 1919.

After the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the town was occupied by Germany until 1945. The first expelled Poles were former insurgents of the Greater Poland Uprising, and the expulsions were carried out in early December 1939.[4] The expellees were held for several days in a transit camp in the nearby village of Kowanówko, where they were robbed of money and valuables, and then they were deported in freight trains to Sokołów Podlaski in the General Government in the more-eastern part of German-occupied Poland.[4] In 1940, a transit camp for Poles expelled from various villages in the county was operated in the town.[5] Some of the Poles expelled in 1940 from the nearby Chodzież and Szamotuły counties were enslaved as forced labour in the town's vicinity.[6] The Grey Ranks printed Polish underground press in Oborniki, which was distributed throughout the county.[7] In August 1944, the Germans carried out mass arrests of local members of the Home Army, the leading Polish underground resistance organization.[8]

Sights

Among the historic landmarks of Oborniki are:[2]

  • the Market Square filled with historic townhouses
  • the Church of the Assumption, dating back to the 15th century
  • the timber-framed Holy Cross church
  • the Gothic Revival Saint Joseph Church

Cuisine

Oborniki is one of the production sites of the Greater Poland liliput cheese (ser liliput wielkopolski), a traditional regional Polish cheese, protected as a traditional food by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland.[9]

Sports

The local football team is Sparta Oborniki [pl]. It competes in the lower leagues.

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland

Oborniki is twinned with:

  • Holy Cross Church
    Holy Cross Church
  • Church of the Assumption
    Church of the Assumption
  • Saint Joseph church
    Saint Joseph church
  • Hydroelectric power plant
    Hydroelectric power plant
Panorama of the city

References

  1. ^ Robert Krzysztofik, Lokacje miejskie na obszarze Polski. Dokumentacja geograficzno-historyczna, Katowice 2007, p. 56-57
  2. ^ a b c "Śladami historii". UM Oborniki (in Polish). Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  3. ^ Atlas historyczny Polski. Wielkopolska w drugiej połowie XVI wieku. Część I. Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2017. p. 1a.
  4. ^ a b Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 154. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.
  5. ^ Wardzyńska, p. 198
  6. ^ Wardzyńska, p. 201, 206
  7. ^ Encyklopedia konspiracji Wielkopolskiej 1939–1945 (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni. 1998. p. 96. ISBN 83-85003-97-5.
  8. ^ Ptakowska-Sysło, Agnieszka (2011). "Konspiracja chodzieska 1939–1944". Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). No. 5–6 (126–127). IPN. p. 67. ISSN 1641-9561.
  9. ^ "Ser liliput wielkopolski". Ministerstwo Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi - Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  10. ^ "Herk-de-stad". UM Oborniki (in Polish). Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  11. ^ "Kobuleti". UM Oborniki (in Polish). Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  12. ^ "Lüchow". UM Oborniki (in Polish). Retrieved 11 August 2019.
  13. ^ "Żejtun Local Council". UM Zejtun (in Maltese). Retrieved 24 September 2022.