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The North West, North West Coast, North Western Australia and North West Australia, are usually informal names for the northern regions of the State of Western Australia. However, some conceptions of "North West Australia" have included adjoining parts of the Northern Territory (NT) – or even the entire NT (see below). It has been described as "best of outback".^[1]

Major offshore islands include Barrow Island, Monte Bello Islands and the Dampier Archipelago.

Apart from land areas, the term "North West" is also used for seabed oil and gas fields of the North West Shelf.

Definitions

A map showing the location of the Murchison River.

The whole area north of the Murchison River was designated the North District by land regulations gazetted in 1862 by the government of the Colony of Western Australia. From February 1865, the North District was officially administered by a Government Resident, Robert John Sholl, initially based in Camden Harbour, then moved to Roebourne in November 1865.

A 1910 advertisement for shipping services from London to the "North West Goldfields", which were in the Tanami Desert (Western Australia/Northern Territory).

The North-West Land Division, created by legislation in 1887, includes only the western Pilbara, northern Gascoyne and part of the Mid West, but not the Kimberley, thereby excluding many areas usually encompassed by popular definitions.

Western Australian law, state government policy and popular culture sometimes creates exceptions for the area "north of the 26th parallel" (latitude 26° south). For instance, a Western Australian Government Tourist Bureau publication, The North West of Western Australia (1963), both uses the 26th parallel as a boundary and delineates smaller regions: the Gascoyne, the "De Grey and Fortescue", the Kimberley and the "Dry Interior".^[2]

Two legislated regions of Western Australia, the Pilbara and Kimberley, may be considered^{[by whom?]} to comprise an alternate, popular definition. (The Gascoyne is often added to these, although it may also be considered as comprising a part of the "Greater Mid West".)

During the 1960s, a pamphlet published by the State Government stated: "The region is bounded in the west by the Indian Ocean, in the east by the Central Division, in the north-east by the Pilbara, and in the south by the Northern Agricultural Division. It covers and area of 75,731 square miles (196,140 km²) and has a population of about 10,000."^[3]

It has frequently been proposed that the region, alone or amalgamated with the Northern Territory, should form a new Australian state. The most recent proponent of such a scheme was Federal MP Bob Katter, who suggested that such a state should be called "North Western Australia".^[4]

Western Australian north west frontier

The north west has been often designated as a "frontier", or even the "last frontier" in Western Australian history,^[5] and in air transport in the 1920s and 1930s the region was designated as such.^[6]

Cyclone zone

The region has also acquired a reputation as being vulnerable to regular and devastating cyclones, with impact on mineral and oil operations.^[7]

Church dioceses

The Anglican and Catholic churches have Geraldton as the base for the north west, the Anglican church used the North West name,^[8]^[9]^[10] while the Catholic diocese is known by the name of the town.^[11]

Notes

^ https://visitwa.com.au ^{[bare URL]}
^ Western Australian Government Tourist Bureau, 1963, The North West of Western Australia, Government of Western Australia, Perth, pp12–3.
^ Department of Industrial Development, 1970[?], The North West: Western Australia. Perth, Dept. of Industrial Development.
^ Broome should be part of Northern Territory, independent MP Bob Katter says The Australian, published: 27 August 2010, retrieved: 27 August 2010
^ Wilson, H. H. (Helen Helga) (1980), Cyclone coasts : Australia's north-west frontier, Rigby, ISBN 978-0-7270-1390-3
^ Wixted, Edward P (1985), The North-west aerial frontier, 1919-1934 : some men, women and flying machines seen in north-west Australia in the pioneering period : international flights, round-Australia flights, and the completion of the Darwin air link to the eastern states, Boolarong Publications (published 1984), ISBN 978-0-908175-89-5
^ Symposium on the Impact of Tropical Cyclones on Oil and Mineral Development in North-west Australia (1975 : Perth, W.A.) (1976), Proceedings of the Symposium on the Impact of Tropical Cyclones on Oil and Mineral Development in North-west Australia, Aust. Govt. Pub. Service, ISBN 978-0-642-92785-9{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ Doncaster, E. W. (Edward William) (1985), Spinifex saints : the Diocese of North West Australia, 1910-1985, Western Mount Publications, ISBN 978-0-9593354-4-6
^ Anglican Church of Australia. Diocese of North West Australia (1900), Directory, The Diocese, retrieved 25 December 2015
^ Williams, Rod; Knife, Philip; Anglican Church of Australia. Diocese of North West Australia (2009), Celebrating a centenary of Christian ministry : an historical snapshot of the Diocese of North West Australia, 1910-2010, Anglican Diocese of North West Australia, retrieved 25 December 2015
^ "Home". geraldtondiocese.org.au.