No independence before majority rule

No independence before majority rule (abbreviated NIBMAR) was a policy adopted by the British government requiring the implementation of majority rule in a colony, rather than rule by the white colonial minority, before the empire granted independence to its colonies.[when?] It was sometimes reinterpreted by some commentators as no independence before majority African rule though this addition was not government policy.[1]

Rhodesia

In particular, the NIBMAR position was advocated with respect to the future status of Rhodesia as an independent state. British prime minister Harold Wilson was pressured into adopting the approach during a conference in London. Wilson was not initially inclined to do so, fearing it would slow the rate at which Rhodesia could be granted independence, but Lester Pearson, the Prime Minister of Canada, formulated a draft resolution committing Wilson to NIBMAR. Wilson defended the policy when it was attacked as disastrous by opposition Conservatives.[2] The accomplishment was short-lived, however, as Wilson continued to extend offers to Ian Smith, the Rhodesian Prime Minister, which Smith ultimately rejected.[3] The UK policy of NIBMAR led Smith's government to declare Rhodesia's independence without British consent.

References

  1. ^ Ashton, S R; Roger-Louis, Wm (2004). "222: PREM 13/1751: letter from Joan Watson to RJ Dawe on the meaning of NIBMAR". East of Suez and the Commonwealth 1964–1971: Europe, Rhodesia, Commonwealth. British Documents on the End of Empire. Vol. Series A Vol 5 Part II. The Stationery Office. pp. 277–8. ISBN 9780112905837. Retrieved 17 January 2013.
  2. ^ House of Commons Hansard 20 December 1966
  3. ^ Good, Robert C. (1973). U.D.I.: the International Politics of the Rhodesian Rebellion. Princeton University Press.

See also

British Empire, 1897

This article related to the British Empire (1497–1997) is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Stub icon

This history article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Stub icon

This article about politics is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Read other articles:

Be With You (film)

Be With YouFilm poster advertising Be With You in JapanSutradaraNobuhiro DoiProduserHideyuki HonmaDitulis olehYoshikazu OkadaCeritaTakuji IchikawaPemeranYūko TakeuchiShido NakamuraPenata musikSuguru MatsutaniSinematograferTakahide ShibanushiPenyuntingShinichi HiroshiDistributorTohoTanggal rilis 30 Oktober 2004 (2004-10-30) (Jepang) Durasi119 menitNegaraJepangBahasaJepangPendapatankotorUS$46,616,207[1] Be With You (いま、会いにゆきますcode: ja is deprecated , ...

 

Suitmedia

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Oktober 2016. Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber:...

 

Stand Up Comedy Indonesia Kompas TV

Stand Up Comedy Indonesia Kompas TVStand Up Comedy IndonesiaPembuatIndra Yudhistira Pandji Pragiwaksono Raditya Dika Indro WarkopPresenterPandji Pragiwaksono (2011-2015) Raditya Dika (2011) Ryan Adriandhy (2012) Ge Pamungkas (2013) Ernest Prakasa (2014) Babe Cabiita (2014-2016) Uus (2014-2016, 2021) David Nurbianto (2015-2016) Hifdzi Khoir (2015-2018, 2022-sekarang) Rigen (2016, 2021-sekarang) Gita Bhebhita (2017) Bianca Liza (2018) Yuki Kato (2021) Ananta Rispo (2022-sekarang)JuriIndro Wark...

Strada statale 96 Barese

Strada statale 96BareseLocalizzazioneStato Italia Regioni Basilicata Puglia Province Potenza Matera Bari DatiClassificazioneStrada statale InizioTolve FineBari Lunghezza121,700 km Provvedimento di istituzioneLegge 17 maggio 1928, n. 1094 GestoreTratte ANAS: in Puglia dal Km 55+790 - Km 121+700 PercorsoLocalità serviteBivio Tricarico, Tolve, Irsina, Gravina in Puglia, Altamura, Toritto, Grumo Appula, Binetto, Bitetto, Palo del Colle, Modugno, Bari Manuale La stra...

 

1952 United States presidential election in Maryland

U.S. presidential election in Maryland Main article: 1952 United States presidential election 1952 United States presidential election in Maryland ← 1948 November 4, 1952[1] 1956 → All 9 Maryland votes to the Electoral College   Nominee Dwight D. Eisenhower Adlai Stevenson Party Republican Democratic Home state New York[2] Illinois Running mate Richard Nixon John Sparkman Electoral vote 9 0 Popular vote 499,424 395,337 Percentage ...

 

The Vernon Morning Star

The Morning StarTypeWeekly newspaperFormatBroadsheetOwner(s)Black PressPublisherKeith CurrieEditorJennifer SmithFoundedJune 1988[1]Headquarters4407 25th AvenueVernon, British ColumbiaV1T 1P5Circulation25,520 (as of October 2022)[2]ISSN1719-3664Websitevernonmorningstar.com The Vernon Morning Star is a weekly newspaper in Vernon, British Columbia. It publishes Thursday and is owned by Black Press. History The newspaper was founded in June 1988 and has been owned by Black Pre...

Year's Best SF 5

2000 anthology edited by David G. Hartwell Year's Best SF 5 AuthorEdited by David G. HartwellCover artistJohn HarrisCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishSeriesYear's Best SFGenreScience fictionPublisherEosPublication date2000Media typePrint (paperback)Pages494 ppISBN0-06-102054-0OCLC43785691Preceded byYear's Best SF 4 Followed byYear's Best SF 6  Year's Best SF 5 is a science fiction anthology edited by David G. Hartwell that was published in 2000. It is the fifth ...

 

Pallidothalamic tracts

Pallidothalamic tractsThe image shows dopaminergic pathways of the human brain in normal condition (left) and Parkinsons Disease (right). Red Arrows indicate suppression of the target, blue arrows indicate stimulation of target structure. (Pallidothalamic connections visible but not labeled, as red line from GPi to THA.)Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy[edit on Wikidata] The pallidothalamic tracts (or pallidothalamic connections)[1] are a part of the basal ganglia. They provide con...

 

Julius Evola

Julius EvolaBaron Julius Evola C., awal umur 40LahirGiulio Cesare Andrea Evola(1898-05-19)19 Mei 1898Roma, ItaliaMeninggal11 Juni 1974(1974-06-11) (umur 76)Roma, ItaliaSebab meninggalPenyakit pernapasan dan liverKebangsaanItaliaKarya terkenalRevolt Against the Modern World (Indonesia: Revolusi Melawan Dunia Modern, 1934code: id is deprecated )Synthesis of the Doctrine of Race (Indonesia: Sintesis Doktrin Rascode: id is deprecated , 1941)EraAbad 20KawasanFilsafat BaratAliranTradisio...

Dendrobium hookerianum

Dendrobium hookerianum Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Plantae Divisi: Tracheophyta Kelas: Liliopsida Ordo: Asparagales Famili: Orchidaceae Genus: Dendrobium Spesies: Dendrobium hookerianum Nama binomial Dendrobium hookerianumLindl. Dendrobium hookerianum adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Orchidaceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Asparagales. Spesies Dendrobium hookerianum sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus Dendrobium.[1] Nama ilmiah dari spesies ini...

 

Dehradun

Institut Dehradun Institut Penyelidikan Hutan, India Dehradun merupakan sebuah kota di India. Kota ini letaknya di bagian utara. Tepatnya di negara bagian Uttarakhand. Pada tahun 2001, kota ini memiliki jumlah penduduk sebanyak 447.808 jiwa dan memiliki ketinggian 635 m. Kota ini terletak 230 km dari New Delhi. Akademi Militer India berlokasi di kota ini. Kota ini merupakan ibu kota sementara dari Uttarakhand, sebuah negara bagian di India. Kota ini merupakan salah satu kota yang memang ...

 

Eros Capecchi

Italian road bicycle racer Eros CapecchiCapecchi at the 2019 Vuelta a España.Personal informationFull nameEros CapecchiBorn (1986-06-13) 13 June 1986 (age 37)Castiglione del Lago, ItalyHeight1.83 m (6 ft 0 in)Weight66 kg (146 lb)Team informationCurrent teamTeam Bahrain VictoriousDisciplineRoadRoleRiderRider typeClimberProfessional teams2005–2007Liquigas–Bianchi2008–2010Saunier Duval–Scott2011–2012Liquigas–Cannondale2013–2015Movistar ...

Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Merangin

Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten MeranginDewan Perwakilan RakyatKabupaten Merangin2019-2024JenisJenisUnikameral SejarahSesi baru dimulai30 Agustus 2019PimpinanKetuaHerman Efendi, S.T., M.M. (Golkar) sejak 4 Oktober 2019 Wakil Ketua IH. Zaidan Ismail, S.H.I. (PDI-P) sejak 4 Oktober 2019 Wakil Ketua IIAhmad Kausari, S.T., M.T. (PAN) sejak 4 Oktober 2019 KomposisiAnggota35Partai & kursi  PDI-P (4)   NasDem (3)   PKB (2)   Hanura (2)...

 

Clare Eames

Clare EamesClare Eames c. 1925Lahir(1894-08-05)5 Agustus 1894Hartford, Connecticut, A.S.Meninggal8 November 1930(1930-11-08) (umur 36)Richmond, London, InggrisPekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif1918–1930Suami/istriSidney Howard (menikah 1922–1930)AnakClare Eames HowardOrang tuaHayden Eames dan Clare Hamilton EamesKerabatEmma Eames (tante) Clare Eames (5 Agustus 1894 – 8 November 1930) adalah seorang aktris Amerika dan sutradara panggung, dan istri pertama penulis drama S...

 

约翰斯顿环礁

此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充。 (2021年5月6日)若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议，译文需在编辑摘要注明来源，或于讨论页顶部标记{{Translated page}}标签。 约翰斯顿环礁Kalama Atoll 美國本土外小島嶼 Johnston Atoll 旗幟颂歌：《星條旗》The Star-Spangled Banner約翰斯頓環礁�...

Michelle Howard

United States Navy admiral (born 1960) This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Michelle Howard – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2021) (Learn how and when to remove ...

 

Gujarati people

Indian ethnic group native to Gujarat For Gujarati Muslims who settled in Pakistan, see Muhajir (Pakistan). Ethnic group GujaratisગુજરાતીઓTotal populationc. 70 million[1]Regions with significant populations India63,872,399[2] Pakistan3,500,000[3] United States1,520,000[4] United Kingdom864,000[5] Canada209,410[6][nb 1] Australia108,341[7] Kenya72,000[8][9]&#...

 

Corruption in Sierra Leone

Corrupt activities in Sierra Leone Political corruption Forms and concepts Bribery Cronyism Economics of corruption Electoral fraud Elite capture Influence peddling Kleptocracy Mafia state Nepotism Pyrrhic defeat theory Slush fund Simony State capture State-corporate crime Throffer Anti-corruption International Anti-Corruption Court Group of States Against Corruption International Anti-Corruption Academy International Anti-Corruption Day United Nations Convention against Corruption Corruption...

عصر فجر السلالات

عصر فجر السلالاتمعلومات عامةالبداية القرن 29 ق.م[1] النهاية 2350 ق.م[1] المنطقة بلاد الرافدين التأثيراتتفرع عنها  القائمة ... Early Dynastic I (en) Early Dynastic II (en) Early Dynastic III (en) Early Dynastic IIIa (en) Early Dynastic IIIb (en) عصر جمدة نصرفترة أوروك عصر أكد تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات مسلة ال�...

 

كونكاكاف

اتحاد أمريكا الشمالية والوسطى والكاريبي لكرة القدم كونكاكاف الاسم المختصر CONCACAF الرياضة كرة القدم أسس عام 1961 (منذ 63 سنة) الرئيس فيكتور مونتالياني المقر ميامي، فلوريدا، الولايات المتحدة الانتسابات فيفا عدد المنتسبين 40 اتحاد رياضي لكرة القدم الموقع الرسمي www.concacaf.com تعديل م�...