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Newport

*Baile Uí Fhiacháin*
Newport Baile Uí Fhiacháin
Town
	View across the harbour of the town, 2007
	Newport Location in Ireland
	Coordinates: 53°53′06″N 09°32′47″W / 53.88500°N 9.54639°W
Country	Ireland
Province	Connacht
County	County Mayo
Elevation	14 m (46 ft)
Population (2016)
• Total	626
Time zone	UTC+0 (WET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-1 (IST (WEST))
Irish grid reference	M989937

Newport (Irish: Baile Uí Fhiacháin^[2]), historically known as Ballyveaghan and for many years also known as Newport-Pratt,^[3] is a small town in the barony of Burrishoole, County Mayo, Ireland. The population was 626 in 2016.^[1] It is located on the west coast of Ireland, along the shore of Clew Bay, north of Westport. The N59 road passes through the town. The county town of Castlebar is approx 18 km east of Newport. The Black Oak River flows through the centre of the town and there are walking paths along its banks.

Transport

Bus

Bus Éireann route 440, via Westport and Knock Airport, operates once a day in each direction. On Sundays route 440 does not operate however Expressway route 52 provides an evening journey each way to/from Westport and Galway.^[4]

Rail access

Today the nearest train station is Westport railway station, approximately 14 km south.

There had once been a Newport railway station, on the Westport to Achill line, but it closed in 1937.^[5] The station building remains, and has been refurbished and repurposed.^[6]

History

Newport was established in the early 18th century by the Medlycott family. James Moore, working for the Medlycott Estate, designed the quay at Newport in a formal layout. The Medlycott family's land agent was a Captain Pratt. Pratt introduced linen manufacturing to the town under the management of immigrant Quakers who relocated to County Mayo from Ulster. It would appear that, although the immigrant Quakers found living conditions in Mayo difficult, the linen industry picked up in the mid-18th century and for the next forty years or so the town prospered around the industry.^[7] By the early 19th century it again fell into decline, and it was superseded as a port by the town of Westport seven miles to the south. At the end of the 18th century, the Medlycott Estate was taken over by the O'Donel family who built Newport House, now a hotel, overlooking the harbour.

Quakers in Newport

In 1719 a community of Quakers came to Newport^[8] under a Captain Pratt who established a colony of linen weavers in the town which was known as Ballyvaughan at that time. Quakers, due to their reputation of being honest and hard-working tenants, were sought after by the landlords of estates at the time. Quaker communities usually prospered wherever they went, but the Quakers in Newport were reported to be in poor circumstances, and they needed support and help from other Quakers across Ireland and further afield from whom they were now far removed geographically by their remote location. ^{[citation needed]} The nearest community of Quakers was based in Ballymurray, County Roscommon.

The Newport Quakers appear to have had no meeting house, instead meeting for religious worship in each other's homes. With many deaths of their young people occurring within the community in the years after resettling in Mayo, a burial ground had to be established for them in the town. The linen business interests fell on hard times and life was a struggle with constant assistance having to be brought to Newport by visiting Quakers. By 1736 the Newport Quakers started to think about moving from their settlement. They were unable to find suitable marriage partners from within their own community as they were all closely related and this caused them concern.^{[citation needed]} The Newport Quaker community struggled on for a few more years and eventually bought some land in Roscommon where they would be closer to the Quaker community at Ballymurray. During the winter of 1739/1740 the last of the Newport Quakers left their Newport land and homes and moved to County Roscommon where their lives would be less wretched.^[8]^[9] Some Quakers went to America to make new lives for themselves in the years that followed.

Convent of Mercy

The O'Donel family, who took over from the Medlycotts, were Protestant. However, George O'Donel's wife was a Catholic and he donated three acres of land on Barrack Hill to the Sisters of Mercy to build a convent in Newport. It was noted that when the foundations were being dug out for the new convent in 1884, many coins and buttons were unearthed, the buttons bearing the inscription of "Pratt". In 1887 the convent was completed and St. Joseph's Convent National School opened with a roll of 211 girls and 34 boys. The school was a success and numbers continued to grow.^{[citation needed]} The nuns were a popular addition to Newport and local merchants donated gifts to the convent.^{[citation needed]} In 1894, a lace school to train girls in the lacemaking industry opened and provided some industry - until the lace market collapsed after World War II. Due to rationalisation, the sisters vacated the convent in 1977 and took up residence in a rented building in the town. The convent managed Newport secondary school which opened in September 1956.^[10] However following the introduction of free education and free transport for second level pupils in the late sixties, the secondary school which had always experienced some difficulties in attracting a sufficiently large number of pupils was finally closed in June 1969.^[10] Since 1969 then, Newport pupils again travel to secondary schools in Westport.^[11]

Revolutionary Period

On 18 May 1921, Michael Kilroy sent out three sections of the West Mayo Flying Column of the Irish Republican Army to provoke the Royal Irish Constabulary RIC). The Newport raiding party of four led by Captain Jim Moran^[12] shot dead Sergeant Francis Butler of the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) as he returned from his home to the RIC station on Castlebar Road.^[13] Although Sergeant Butler was believed by the IRA to be one of five RIC men who abused civilians in the Newport area it is unlikely that they could recognise him from their vantage point 300 yards away .^[12] ^[13] There was only one shot. In retaliation Michael Kilroy's home was fired upon, and his wife had to throw herself over their baby Peadar as bullets shot t he plaster off the walls. The house was then burned down.^[13]^[12] His brother John Kilroy's shop in Newport was also destroyed.^[13]

Places of interest

Newport has a disused railway viaduct crossing the river which, together with the Catholic church on top of the hill, dominate the town. St. Patrick's Church was built in 1914 in the Irish Romanesque Revival style by Rudolph M. Butler. It has a stained glass east window of the Last Judgment, the last window completed by Harry Clarke in 1930.^[14] Burrishoole Friary and Grace O'Malley's Rockfleet Castle are both just to the west of the town. The town is an angling and tourist centre with two main hotels, Newport House (opened during the summer) and Hotel Newport (opened all year round) which are conveniently located on main street and the track of the Greenway.

The Kelly homestead, the ancestral home of the actress Grace Kelly, the Princess consort of Monaco, is situated off the main road from Newport to Castlebar near the Leg of Mutton Lake. It was visited by Princess Grace and her husband Prince Rainier during their 1961 state visit to Ireland. Grace bought the property in 1979.^[15]

Notable people

Gallery

Rockfleet (Carrickahowley) Castle, near Newport
Seven Arches Bridge in 2011
Newport Church

References

^ ^a ^b "Census 2016 Sapmap Area: Settlements Newport". Central Statistics Office (Ireland). Retrieved 8 July 2018.
^ "Baile Uí Fhiacháin/Newport". Placenames Database of Ireland. Government of Ireland - Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht and Dublin City University. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
^ Antiquities of West Mayo, Christiaan Corlett, pp 88
^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 April 2013. Retrieved 5 May 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Gillespie, Tom (1 August 2021). "The railway brought prosperity to Mayo in 1862". Connaught Telegraph. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
^ "Newport Railway Station, NEWPORT, Newport, MAYO". Buildings of Ireland. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
^ Land and Popular Politics in Ireland: County Mayo from the Plantation to the ... By Donald E. Jordan
^ ^a ^b http://www.cuanmodh.ie/newporthistsoc/quakerweavers.pdf^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ "Archives". Quakers in Ireland. 31 July 2009.
^ ^a ^b "Reunion recalls Mayo education experiment".
^ "Cuan Modh Centre". Archived from the original on 20 September 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c The Flame and the Candle by Dominic Price published by The Collins Press 2012 ISBN 9781848891364
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d The West Mayo Flying Column in the War of Independence, by Purple Foxglove Films 2021
^ "DisplayPlace". Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
^ Áine Ryan (5 April 2011). "Fairytale Princess Grace dreamed of Mayo roots". The Mayo News. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.