Secretary of the NavyBenjamin Stoddert received a letter from President John Adams dated On March 31, 1800 directing him to establish a library for the United States Department of the Navy. It was asked that the literature acquired and stored included works detailing the theory and practice of naval architecture, navigation, and naval combat. Additionally, the parameters for the written works origin was not to be limited to English but inclusive of any nation's success.[2]
Despite the letter dating back to 1800, the library's origin can be dated back to the War Department in Philadelphia in 1794. Subsequently, the Navy received departmental status in 1798 and the collection of materials relating to naval affairs were transferred out of the Philadelphia library and into that of a tavern in Trenton, New Jersey. It was once the national capital moved to Washington that the Department of the Navy officially found refuge in Georgetown.[2]
The Navy's library survived the 1814 burning of Washington during the War of 1812 and, after the end of the war, located to the Old Navy Department Building.[1] The library had some 1300 volumes in its collection by 1824, although many items were subsequently transferred to the Library of Congress.[1]
As of 2019, the Library contains an estimated 114,000 book titles; 374,000 manuscripts; and 189,000 periodical issues.[3] Some 5,644 items in the collection are considered rare.[3] The collection emphasizes "naval, nautical, and military history" including the history of the United States Navy and foreign navies.[3] The public may borrow from most of the library's collection via interlibrary loan.[4]