Navy Day (Russia)

Navy Day
President Vladimir Putin and Defense Minister Sergey Shoygu during the Navy Day celebrations in 2018.
Official nameДень Военно-Морского Флота
Also calledDay of the VMF
Observed by Russia
TypeNational
CelebrationsParades, Fireworks, Rallies (mostly in the naval capital of St. Petersburg)
DateJuly 30
Frequencyannual

Day of the Russian Navy (Russian: День Военно-Морского Флота России) is national holiday in the Russian Federation and a senior holiday in the Russian Armed Forces. The day honors the sailors in units of the Russian Navy and its specialized arms (Naval Aviation and the Coastal Troops consisting of the Naval Infantry and the Coastal Missile and Artillery Troops). It is celebrated annually, on the last Sunday of July.[1]

History

Admiral Alexander Shaurov during a Navy Day parade in Paldiski, 1988.

The original version of the Russian Navy was founded in 1696 for the Tsardom of Russia. In the Soviet Union, Navy Day was established by a decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the VKPB of June 22, 1939 in June 1939; in connection with the Battle of Gangut. The holiday was canceled on October 1, 1980 by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. By the Decree of the President of Russia Vladimir Putin, Navy Day was reestablished.[2]

Overview

Russian President Vladimir Putin's speech at the National Naval Parade in 2017.

Russia celebrates Navy Day with a 2-hour fleet review in St. Petersburg near the Neva River and the Port of Kronstadt, commonly known as the Main Naval Parade (Russian: Главный военно-морской парад). It was established by order of President Vladimir Putin on July 27, 2017 as the principal anniversary event in connection with Navy Day celebrations.[3] According to Putin, the idea was conceived while he was reading historical literature on his Ilyushin presidential plane, during which he came across an article about a naval parade in Kronstadt during the Imperial era, after which he called Defense Minister Sergey Shoygu to order him to organize a similar type of event.[4] The parade features ships and marine air force units from the Baltic, Black Sea, Northern and Pacific Fleets as well as the Caspian Flotilla. The naval parade starts at 11:00 AM, with the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy (currently Admiral Nikolai Yevmenov) being the ceremonial commander of the fleet review formation.[5] Holiday commemorative naval parades by ground units and fleet reviews are also held at naval bases all over the country, such as Sevastopol, Kaliningrad, Vladivostok, Severomorsk and Astrakhan.[6] In 2020, a Naval Parade was held in the Dagestani city of Kaspiysk.[7] In 2024 there was no Russian navy parade in Sevastopol.[8]

The Royal Danish Navy often monitors Russian ships moving through Danish territorial waters to get to the parade to prevent incidents at sea.[9]

Order of ceremony

The fleet inspection segment begins when the President leaves the Peter and Paul Fortress aboard a presidential review yacht following the inspection of a guard of honor platoon and the Admiralty Navy Band, together with the Commander in Chief of the Navy and the Minister of Defense, to review a number of stationed vessels representing each of the fleets and the surface and submarine forces of the Navy as a whole docked on the Neva River.

A separate ceremony on Senate Square in the presence of the President of Russia then follows. The ceremony also includes a flag raising ceremony and the presidential holiday address to the nation and the service personnel of the Navy, following which the National Anthem of Russia is played with the firing of a 21-gun salute. The fleet review segment follows, ending with a flypast of naval aviation and in 2021 a marchpast of naval personnel.

Previous parades

In 2019, the holiday's national fleet review was for the first time in many years attended by naval combat ships from China, India, Vietnam and the Philippines as well as military bands from Thailand and Vietnam that performed with the Central Navy Band of Russia.[10][11] Foreign ships such as the Chinese missile destroyer Xi'an and the BRP Davao del Sur (LD-602) took part. In Sevastopol, the raising of the flag of the Russian Imperial Navy battleship Imperatritsa Mariya took place during the parade in the presence of Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev.[12] This was done to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the founding of the Day of the Soviet Navy.[citation needed]

The 2020 celebrations marked the 75th anniversary of the end of the Second World War and the bicentennial of the First Russian Antarctic Expedition. In honor of the former, the parade was closed out with the Alexey Barinov and D-178 landing boats with Katyusha rocket launchers and a T-34 tank aboard, along soldiers dressed in Red Army uniforms and a Soviet naval flag.[13] In the parade speech, President Putin announced that the navy would be armed with hypersonic nuclear strike weapons.[14] The Ukrainian government sent a letter to António Guterres, the Secretary General of the United Nations, in protest of the organization of a naval parade in Sevastopol, which is located in a region that Ukraine says is occupied. On the eve of this letter, the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry sent a similar note of protest to their Russian counterparts.[15]

In 2023, the parade saw the highest level of participation by foreign delegations with Commander of the Iranian Navy Admiral Shahram Irani,[16] as well as the heads of four African states (including the Republic of the Congo,[17] Burkina Faso, Eritrea, and Mali, who were in the city for the Russia–Africa Summit[18]) participating.

Navy Day parade rehearsal at Zolotoy Rog Bay (Vladivostok, 2020)

An official reception is held after the parade at the Admiralty building near the Admiralty Embankment.

Other celebrations

In 2020, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia and the postponement of the 2020 Moscow Victory Day Parade, the Immortal Regiment march, which was supposed to be held on 9 May, was also postponed[19] and was announced to be held on Navy Day in a videoconference with President Putin and Minister of Defence Sergey Shoygu.[20][21] These plans were later scrapped and the march was postponed until 2021.[22][23][24]

See also

References

  1. ^ "29 июля — День Военно-Морского Флота! : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации". function.mil.ru. Retrieved 2017-09-07.
  2. ^ "День Военно-морского флота РФ". РИА Новости (in Russian). 2013-07-28. Retrieved 2017-09-07.
  3. ^ "The Main Naval Parade in St Petersburg". President of Russia.
  4. ^ "Working meeting with Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu". President of Russia.
  5. ^ "St. Petersburg and Kronstadt host final rehearsal of Main Naval Parade supervised by Russian Navy Commander-in-Chief : Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation". eng.mil.ru.
  6. ^ "Russia to celebrate Navy Day Sunday - Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on July 26, 2018.
  7. ^ "Russia: Military surprises beachgoers with Navy Day preparation drills in Kaspiysk" – via www.youtube.com.
  8. ^ "Russian Black Sea Fleet Missing From Putin's Muted Navy Parade", Newsweek (July 29, 2024)
  9. ^ "Russiske krigsskibe sejler gennem dansk farvand". The Danish Defense. July 6, 2021. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  10. ^ "Over 40 warships to take part in Russia's Main Naval Parade". tass.com.
  11. ^ "BRP Davao del Sur joins Russian Navy Day celebrations". Philippine News Agency. 29 July 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
  12. ^ "Russian premier attends Navy Day parade in Sevastopol". tass.com.
  13. ^ "Main Naval Parade". President of Russia.
  14. ^ Osborn, Andrew (July 26, 2020). "Putin says Russian Navy to get hypersonic nuclear strike weapons" – via www.reuters.com.
  15. ^ "Украина пожаловалась генсеку ООН на морской парад в Севастополе". amp.rbc.ru.
  16. ^ "Iran sends top admiral, ships to join Putin at Russia's Navy Day parade". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. Retrieved 2023-07-29.
  17. ^ "Meeting with President of the Republic of the Congo Denis Sassou Nguesso". President of Russia. 2023-07-29. Retrieved 2023-07-29.
  18. ^ "Dehai News -- African leaders attend Russia's Navy Day parade". dehai.org. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
  19. ^ "Putin postpones preparations for May 9 parade, Immortal Regiment march". TASS. Retrieved 2020-04-17.
  20. ^ "Putin Sets Date for Delayed World War II Victory Parade". Voice of America.
  21. ^ "Meeting with Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu". President of Russia.
  22. ^ "Russia postpones Immortal Regiment march until 2021". tass.com.
  23. ^ "THE LATEST: PUTIN BACKS POSTPONING WWII COMMEMORATION". July 20, 2020.
  24. ^ "Russia may postpone Immortal Regiment march to later date over pandemic". tass.com.