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National Security Bureau
國家安全局; Guójiā Ānquán Jú (Mandarin); Kok-ka An-choân Kio̍k（(Taiwanese Hokkien); Koet-kâ Ôn-chhiòn Khiu̍k (Hakka)
	; Entrance of the Headquarters of the Ministry of Justice
Agency overview
Formed	1 March 1955
Preceding agency	Bureau of Investigation and Statistics;
Jurisdiction	Republic of China (Taiwan)
Headquarters	Shilin, Taipei
Motto	安如磐石 (As secure as a rock)
Agency executives	Tsai Ming-yen, Director-General; Chou Mei-wu (周美伍), Kuo Chung-hsin (郭崇信), Wang Teh-ling (王德麟), Deputy Directors-General;
Parent agency	National Security Council
Website	www.nsb.gov.tw

The National Security Bureau (NSB; Chinese: 國家安全局; pinyin: Guójiā Ānquán Jú) is the principal intelligence agency of Taiwan.

History

The organization was created in 1955 by a ROC Presidential Directive from Chiang Kai-shek, to supervise and coordinate all security-related administrative organizations, military agencies and KMT organizations in Taiwan. Earlier, the bureau was nicknamed "China's CIA" or "CCIA".

The first Director-General of National Security Bureau was a three-star army general Cheng Chieh-min [zh], with a background in military intelligence, who once was the deputy of the controversial Bureau of Investigation and Statistics of the National Military Council. (The "Military-Statistics Bureau" served under Dai Li, and even assumed command the "Military-Statistics Bureau" after the death of Dai Li in March 1946. As a result, the National Security Bureau is often seen as one of several successors to the Military-Statistics Bureau.)

Initially, National Security Bureau did not have its own field officers or operatives. However, in order to strengthen its ability to guide and coordinate other intelligence agencies, NSB soon developed its own field intelligence officers and training pool.

The National Security Bureau was involved in the 1980 murder of lawyer and opposition politician Lin I-hsiung and his family.^[1]

Legalization

On 1 January 1994, shortly after the respective organic laws of the National Security Council and NSB were promulgated by the order of the ROC President Lee Teng-hui on 30 December 1993, the National Security Bureau became a legal institution.

Recent events

Though a few known intelligence failures of the National Security Bureau have surfaced in recent years, supporters have pointed out that the agency rarely, if ever, publicizes any successful operations.

On 1 June 2000, a former NSB official^[2] who was a retired one-star army general made a personal visit to the PRC and was detained three days later by the PRC Ministry of State Security.

A former chief cashier of NSB, Liu Kuan-chun (劉冠軍), was suspected of embezzling more than NT$192 million (US$5.65 million) from a batch of money returned from Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 4 April 1999. According to the National Bureau of Investigation, Ministry of Justice, Liu left the country on 3 September 2000, for Shanghai, PRC. He reappeared in Bangkok in January 2002 and then went to North America. Liu is still on the run.^[3]

In the afternoon of 19 March 2004, President Chen Shui-bian and Vice President Annette Lu were wounded by gunfire on the day before the presidential election, while they were campaigning in Tainan. This act of violence caused shock in Taiwan, and led to a serious personnel review. The Control Yuan impeached nine officials for dereliction of duty. ^[4] Among those were former National Security Bureau (NSB) chief Tsai Chao-ming (蔡朝明), former deputy chief of the NSB special service center Chiu Chung-nan (邱忠男). The Control Yuan said in an impeachment report that the National Security Bureau had received information on 18 March 2004 about a possible attack on the president, but did not take the report seriously.^[5]

In 2004, former US State Department Deputy Assistant Secretary Donald W. Keyser has been arrested by the FBI for illegally handing over documents to two Taiwanese NSB officials who served as intelligence liaison officers in USA. Immediately, the director general of NSB, General Hsueh Shih-ming, had recalled crucial intelligence agents from the United States.^[6]

The loyalty of NSB officials to the Democratic Progressive Party is constantly questioned. Traditionally, career personnel of law enforcement, intelligence agencies, and military organizations in Taiwan are labeled as pan-blue because most of them have been lifelong Kuomintang members. However, while the DPP is in power, the National Security Bureau has been attacked by the KMT and People First Party for alleged abuses of power. Despite statements from several NSB Directors General on the political neutrality of the organization, some controversial events have still occurred.

In 2004, Chen Feng-lin (陳鳳麟), a colonel of the logistics department, Special Service Center, National Security Bureau, confessed^[7] that he leaked classified information regarding security measures at President Chen Shui-bian's residence as well as the president's itinerary to Peng Tzu-wen (彭子文), a former director of the center who retired as a major general. Peng, a retired one-star general, revealed on TV that he would not "take a bullet for President Chen." In August 2005, Peng Tzu-wen was indicted^[8] for leaking national secrets on TV and for potentially putting Chen's life in jeopardy.

Structure

The National Security Bureau is subordinate to the National Security Council (NSC). Under the chain of command, the NSC is under the direct administration of the President. However, the Director-General of the National Security Bureau usually can and does report directly to the President, bypassing the NSC.

Chiefs

Traditionally, the successive bureau chiefs were exclusively military officers with the rank of three-star general, though this has changed in recent years. In 2003, President Chen Shui-bian appointed Wang Ginn-wang, a former Director-General of National Police Agency with a career police background, to the post of NSB Deputy Director-General. In 2007, Shi Hwei-yow, a former judge from the Taipei district court, former Director-General of the Coast Guard Administration, and at the time the Deputy Director-General of NSB, replaced a three-star army general (Hsueh Shih-ming) as the first civilian Director-General of National Security Bureau.

Field Divisions

As result of institutionalizing operations, the NSB now has six intelligence-related divisions --

International intelligence
Intelligence within the area of People's Republic of China
Intelligence within the area of Taiwan
Analysis of the nation's strategic intelligence
Scientific and technological intelligence and telecommunications security
Control and development of secret codes (the matrix) and facilities
Armed Forces Internet Security

Centers

Also, there are three centers:

Special Service Command Center (特種勤務指揮中心): Presidential Security and Protection
Telecommunication Technology Center (Code Name: Breeze Garden, or zh:清風園)
Training Center

Oversight

This is also a special feature of the NSB since martial law was lifted. In addition to managing intelligence relevant to national security, it also takes charge of planning special tasks and is responsible for guiding, coordinating, and supporting the intelligence affairs in military and civil categories:

Military

The Military Intelligence Bureau, General Staff Headquarters, Ministry of National Defense (MND)

Office of Telecommunication Development, General Staff Headquarters, Ministry of National Defense (MND)

General Political Warfare Bureau, Ministry of National Defense (MND)

The Military Security General Corps, General Staff Headquarters, MND (Formerly, the Counter Intelligence General Corps of General Political Warfare Bureau, NMD)^[9]

The Military Police Command, Ministry of National Defense (MND)