On 16 January 1979, just before Mohammad Reza Shah left the country, the Party of Muslim Reform (Persian: حزب اصلاحالمسلمین, romanized: Hizb-i Islah al-Muslimin) was established by Abdulaziz Mullazadeh.[1] Marxist organizations criticized the organization for "sitting on the fence between conservatism and revolution" and Mullazadeh met with Ruhollah Khomeini, which led to his role as "a privileged intermediary of central power" in the region.[1]
The party Muslim Union Party was founded in early 1979 by clerics under the leadership of Mullazadeh.[1] It soon became influential[3] and "emerged as the only accredited institution admitted to articulate the demands of the Baloch in the capital".[1] The party supported the Iranian Revolution[3] and called for people to vote in favor of the proposed Islamic Republic in the March 1979 regime change referendum.[1] They also slammed nationalist and Marxist organizations.[1]
In September 1979, some members of the party left it and took up arms in Iranshahr due to "Mullazada's conciliatory attitude towards Khomeini".[1]
In October 1979, the party played an active role during the campaigns for the municipal election in Zahedan, which fueled the tension between the Sunni and the Shia people of the city. However, it then boycotted the election which was later nullified.[1]
The party antagonized itself with a loose coalition of left-wing and Baloch nationalist guerilla organizations in 1980. They included Baluchistan People's Democratic Organization (which albeit being the most important group, had only 200 active members), The Baluchistan Liberation Front (led by Ibrahim Zardkuyi) and Balòč Peš Margà ("Baloch Franc Tireurs", led by Saravan tribal chief Aman-Allah Barakzayi).[1] Muslim Union Party was divided by internal factionalism and some of its cadre went to exile in Pakistan.[3] Mullazadeh entrusted part of his responsibilities in the party to his son Abdolmalek (1949–1996), who was also a cleric. This happened after Mullazadeh suffered from heart disease and was hospitalized after 1980.[1]
American observer Selig S. Harrison attributed organization of the party to "a network of some 400 mawlawis".[1] In the coastal regions of Makran, where clerics came from Mullazai tribe, they could easily assume the leadership.[1]
Abdul Aziz Malazada (1917 – 1987) was a Sunni scholar, jurist and politician from Iran. He is renowned for his efforts to promote Sunni beliefs and teachings in the region, as well as for his contributions to Islamic scholarship and jurisprudence.[4] He established and managed several religious institutions, including the Jamiah Darul Uloom Zahedan, where he trained numerous scholars and students of Islamic sciences. He was also actively involved in politics and social affairs, serving as a member of the Assembly for the Final Review of the Constitution and founder and leader of Muslim Union Party. He was a vocal advocate for the rights of Sunnis in Iran and played a key role in promoting interfaith harmony and understanding.[5] In addition, He was a prolific writer and poet, authoring several books on Islamic law, theology, and spirituality.
^ abBoroujerdi, Mehrzad; Rahimkhani, Kourosh (2018). Postrevolutionary Iran: A Political Handbook. Syracuse University Press. p. 344. ISBN9780815654322.
^ abcdPrice, Massoume (2005). Iran's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 307. ISBN9781576079935.