Munakata, Fukuoka

Munakata
宗像市
Munakata City Hall
Munakata City Hall
Flag of Munakata
Official seal of Munakata
Map
Location of Munakata in Fukuoka Prefecture
Location of Munakata
Munakata is located in Japan
Munakata
Munakata
Location in Japan
Coordinates: 33°48′20″N 130°32′27″E / 33.80556°N 130.54083°E / 33.80556; 130.54083
CountryJapan
RegionKyushu Region
PrefectureFukuoka
Government
 • MayorMisako Izu (from May 2018)
Area
 • Total
119.94 km2 (46.31 sq mi)
Population
 (March 31, 2024)
 • Total
96,786
 • Density810/km2 (2,100/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+09:00 (JST)
City hall address1-1-1 Tōgō, Munakata-shi, Fukuoka-ken 811-3492
ClimateCfa
WebsiteOfficial website
Symbols
FlowerJapanese lily
TreeCamphor laurel
A view of Okinoshima Island, a World Heritage site
Munakata Taisha

Munakata (宗像市, Munakata-shi) is a city in Japan, located in Fukuoka Prefecture. As of 31 March 2024, the city had an estimated population of 96,786 in 44884 households, and a population density of 810 persons per km².[1] The total area of the city is 119.94 km2 (46.31 sq mi).

Geography

Munakata is located in northern Fukuoka Prefecture, approximately halfway between Fukuoka City and Kitakyushu City. It faces the Gulf of Hibiki and the Genkai Sea, and also includes inhabited islands of Oshima and Jijima, and the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Okinoshima offshore.

Mountains

  • Mount Hakuzan
  • Mount Joyama (Mount Tsurugatake)
  • Mount Kanayama
  • Mount Kodaishiyama
  • Mount Konomiyama
  • Mount Shintateyama
  • Mount Yugawayama

Rivers

  • Tsuri river

Neighboring municipalities

Fukuoka Prefecture

Climate

Munakata has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa). The average annual temperature in Munakata is 15.9 °C (60.6 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,665.2 mm (65.56 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.0 °C (80.6 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.8 °C (42.4 °F).[2] The highest temperature ever recorded in Munakata was 37.2 °C (99.0 °F) on 21 August 2010; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −9.2 °C (15.4 °F) on 19 February 1977.[3]

Climate data for Munakata (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1977−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 20.4
(68.7)
23.5
(74.3)
25.2
(77.4)
30.4
(86.7)
31.6
(88.9)
33.7
(92.7)
35.8
(96.4)
38.2
(100.8)
36.4
(97.5)
32.4
(90.3)
26.8
(80.2)
24.8
(76.6)
38.2
(100.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 9.7
(49.5)
10.7
(51.3)
13.9
(57.0)
18.8
(65.8)
23.5
(74.3)
26.4
(79.5)
29.8
(85.6)
31.0
(87.8)
27.4
(81.3)
22.7
(72.9)
17.5
(63.5)
12.1
(53.8)
20.3
(68.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 5.8
(42.4)
6.5
(43.7)
9.4
(48.9)
13.8
(56.8)
18.4
(65.1)
22.2
(72.0)
26.2
(79.2)
27.0
(80.6)
23.3
(73.9)
18.0
(64.4)
12.7
(54.9)
7.8
(46.0)
15.9
(60.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.7
(35.1)
1.9
(35.4)
4.4
(39.9)
8.6
(47.5)
13.4
(56.1)
18.6
(65.5)
23.1
(73.6)
23.8
(74.8)
19.7
(67.5)
13.4
(56.1)
7.9
(46.2)
3.3
(37.9)
11.7
(53.0)
Record low °C (°F) −5.7
(21.7)
−9.2
(15.4)
−5.1
(22.8)
−1.9
(28.6)
2.8
(37.0)
5.9
(42.6)
14.4
(57.9)
16.3
(61.3)
6.7
(44.1)
1.1
(34.0)
−1.9
(28.6)
−4.7
(23.5)
−9.2
(15.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 85.7
(3.37)
76.3
(3.00)
119.1
(4.69)
134.4
(5.29)
137.0
(5.39)
230.2
(9.06)
302.4
(11.91)
177.1
(6.97)
150.7
(5.93)
84.9
(3.34)
91.2
(3.59)
76.2
(3.00)
1,665.2
(65.56)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 10.5 9.9 10.9 10.3 8.9 11.9 11.1 9.3 9.9 7.4 8.9 9.2 118.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours 100.1 118.2 159.3 185.4 200.6 139.9 178.8 209.0 164.8 173.1 134.4 106.5 1,870.1
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[2][3]

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Munakata in 2020 is 97,095 people.[4] Munakata has been conducting censuses since 1950.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1950 34,217—    
1955 34,942+2.1%
1960 33,537−4.0%
1965 34,029+1.5%
1970 40,309+18.5%
1975 56,194+39.4%
1980 66,985+19.2%
1985 71,389+6.6%
1990 78,197+9.5%
1995 86,938+11.2%
2000 92,056+5.9%
2005 94,148+2.3%
2010 95,481+1.4%
2015 96,516+1.1%
2020 97,095+0.6%
Munakata population statistics[4]

History

The origin of the name Munakata is said to be from "Minokatachi" or "Minokata" from the enshrinement of three Munakata goddesses, descended from sword of Susanoo-no-Mikoto and mentioned in the Kojiki. It is believed to have been the site of the kingdom of Matsurokoku, one of the countries described in Wajinden, Liangshu and History of the Northern Dynasties, and is the first place where emissaries from China landed on the mainland of Wa. The area was part of ancient Chikugo Province, and prospered from trade with China and Korea from ancient times. From the Asuka period through the Sengoku period, Munakata Taisha controlled most of northern Kyūshū, with the Munakata clan ruling as temporal daimyō over what is now Onga in the east, south to Wakamiya and Miyata, and Shingū in the west. Munakata Ujisada of Munakata Shrine established Tsutagadake castle (Mount Jo) as a defense from invasion by other warlords such as Tachibana Dōsetsu and the Ōtomo clan. There are also ghost stories connected with the area since the Yamada incident arose. During the Edo Period much of the area was under the control of Fukuoka Domain.

After the Meiji restoration, the villages of Akama and Tōgō were established on May 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. Akama was raised to town status on June 25, 1898 and Tōgō on October 1, 1925, Both towns merged with the villages of Yoshitake, Nango, and Kawato in Munakata District to form the town of Munakata on April 1, 1954. Munakata was raised to city status on April 1, 1981. On April 1, 2003, Munakata annexed the town of Gekai, followed by the village of Ōshima on March 28, 2005.

In the earthquake on March 20, 2005, damage was done in various parts of the city. The quake registered just under five on the Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale.

Government

Munakata has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 20 members. Munakata contributes two members to the Fukuoka Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Fukuoka 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

Agriculture, commercial fishing and commerce are the mainstays of the local economy. Munakata belongs to both the Fukuoka metropolitan area and the Kitakyushu metropolitan area, and the commuter percentage is within 10% of both metropolitan areas. It continues to develop as a commuter town, and the population is increasing because it is located halfway between the two cities and has good transportation links. The city is rich in tourist resources, and is also home to Munakata Taisha, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that is said to be the guardian deity of maritime and traffic safety.

Education

Colleges and universities

Primary and secondary education

Munakata has 14 public elementary schools and six public junior high schools operated by the city government and one public combined middle/high schools operated by the Fukuoka Prefectural Board of Education. There is also one private high school.

Transportation

Railways

JR Kyushu - Kagoshima Main Line

JA Kyōikudaimae - Akama - Tōgō

Highways

Sister cities

Local attractions

  • Akama, historical district and city center of Munakata. It contains rows of old houses belonging, along two now-ruined castles: Hakusan Castle and Tsutagadake Castle.
  • Munakata Taisha
  • Sakurakyō Kofun, National Historic Site
  • Taguma Ishihatake Site, National Historic Site

Sports facilities

Notable people from Munakata

References

  1. ^ "Munakata City official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
  2. ^ a b 気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値). JMA. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
  3. ^ a b 観測史上1〜10位の値(年間を通じての値). JMA. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
  4. ^ a b Munakata population statistics

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