Outer Mongolia — officially the Mongolian People's Republic — was ruled (1930s to 1952) by the communist government of Khorloogiin Choibalsan during the period of World War II and had close links with the Soviet Union. Most countries regarded Mongolia, with its fewer than a million inhabitants,[1] as a breakaway province of the Republic of China.[2] Throughout the 1941–1945 war between Germany and the Soviet Union, Mongolia provided the Soviets with economic support—such as livestock, raw materials, money, food and military clothing—violating Mongolian neutrality in favor of the Allies.[2] Mongolia was one of two Soviet satellite states not generally recognised as sovereign states at the time, along with the Tuvan People's Republic; both of these republics participated in World War II.[3]
Soviet–Mongolian relations were governed by a "gentlemen's agreement" from 27 November 1934, which was formalised in a mutual assistance pact on 12 March 1936. This treaty created a mutual defensive military alliance, and also pledged both parties to remove troops from the territory of the other when the need for military assistance had passed.[4] These agreements were directed at Japan, which had occupied Manchuria and advanced into Inner Mongolia,[2] and had as their object the protection of the Soviet Trans-Siberian Railway.[3]
On 13 August 1937, as part of their effort to support China in its war with Japan, the Soviets decided to station troops along Mongolia's southern and southeastern frontiers. To obtain the Mongolian government's consent, elaborate Japanese invasion plans were forged. On 24 August the Soviet deputy minister of defence, Pyotr Smirnov, and a small staff arrived in Mongolia to oversee the transfer of the Soviet 17th Army.[5] The arrival of the Soviet army coincided, as planned, with a series of intensified terrors and purges (the "Great Terror").[5] In his address to the Third Session of the Supreme Soviet on 31 May 1939, Foreign Commissar Vyacheslav Molotov declared that "we shall defend the frontiers of the Mongolian People's Republic just as resolutely as our own border."[4]
Mongolia was heavily involved in the Soviet–Japanese border conflicts, most notably the four-month-long Battles of Khalkhin Gol (May–September 1939). Most of these happened along Mongolia's eastern borders and are often seen as an important prelude to the Second World War.[6]
Mongolia reportedly signed an agreement with the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo on 18 July 1940.[7] In the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact of 13 April 1941, the two powers recognised the neutrality of Mongolia and its place within the Soviet sphere of influence. Its geographical situation meant that it served as a buffer between Japanese forces and the Soviet Union. In addition to keeping around 10% of the population under arms, Mongolia provided supplies and raw materials to the Soviet military, and financed several units, for example the "Revolutionary Mongolia" Tank Brigade and "Mongolian Arat" Squadron and half a million military horses.[8] Also, more than 300 Mongolian volunteer military personnel fought in the Eastern front.[9]
Mongolian troops took part in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945, although as a small part in Soviet-led operations against Japanese forces and their Manchu and Inner Mongolian allies. During the 1945 campaign, the Mongolian troops were attached to the Soviet–Mongolian Cavalry Mechanized Group under Colonel General I. A. Pliev.[10] The Mongolian units were the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th Mongolian Cavalry Divisions, the 7th Motorized Armored Brigade, the 3rd tank special regiment and the 3rd Artillery Regiment and also Mongolian aviation mixed division .[11] On 10 August 1945, over twenty-four hours after the first Mongolian troops in the company of their Soviet allies had crossed the border into Japanese-occupied China, the Little Khural, the Mongolian parliament, issued a formal declaration of war against Japan.[12]
Today, the Zaisan Memorial in the southern area of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar honors the Soviet soldiers killed in World War II.
American tennis player Evelyn SearsEvelyn Sears, from a 1908 publicationFull nameEvelyn Georgianna SearsCountry (sports) United StatesBorn(1875-03-09)March 9, 1875Waltham, MA, United StatesDiedNovember 10, 1966(1966-11-10) (aged 91)Waltham, MA, United StatesSinglesGrand Slam singles resultsUS OpenW (1907)DoublesGrand Slam doubles resultsUS OpenW (1908) Evelyn Georgianna Sears (March 9, 1875 – November 10, 1966) was an American tennis player at the beginning of the 20th cent…
Este artículo o sección necesita referencias que aparezcan en una publicación acreditada.Este aviso fue puesto el 5 de agosto de 2011. Ofrenda floral (2006). Desfile por el Paseo Independencia. La Ofrenda de flores a Nuestra Señora del Pilar es una tradición aragonesa que se realiza todos los años el día 12 de octubre en el marco de las Fiestas del Pilar. Historia Los inicios de la ofrenda datan de Deba (Guipúzcoa) en el año 1640. El 11 de agosto del año 1723, el Papa Inocencio XIII sa…
Ця стаття про село. Про комуну див. Мічештій-де-Кимпіє (комуна). село Мічештій-де-КимпієMiceștii de Câmpie Країна Румунія Повіт Бістріца-Несеуд Комуна Мічештій-де-Кимпіє Код SIRUTA 33854 Поштові індекси 427160 Телефонний код +40 263 (Romtelecom, TR)+40 363 (інші оператори) Координати 46°51′38″ пн.…
Moshoeshoe IIRaja LesothoBerkuasa4 Oktober 1966 – 15 Januari 1996PendahuluDiri sendiri sebagai Pemimpin TertinggiPenerusLetsie IIIInformasi pribadiKelahiran(1938-05-02)2 Mei 1938Morija, Basutoland (sekarang Lesotho)Kematian15 Januari 1996(1996-01-15) (umur 57)Pegunungan Maloti, LesothoPemakamanThaba Bosiu [1]WangsaMoshoeshoeNama lengkapConstantine Bereng SeeisoAyahSimon Seeiso GriffithIbu'Mabereng[2]PasanganTabitha 'Masentle Lerotholi MojelaAnakRincianLetsie IIIPangeran Se…
Saeki-ku 佐伯区Distrik kotaLokasi Saeki-ku di kota HiroshimaNegara JepangWilayahChūgokuPrefektur HiroshimaKotaHiroshimaLuas • Total225 km2 (87 sq mi)Populasi (Oktober 1, 2015) • Total136.699 • Kepadatan607,6/km2 (15,740/sq mi)Zona waktuUTC+09:00 (JST)Kode pos731-5195Alamat2-5-28 Kairōen, Saeki-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima-kenSitus webSitus web resmi Saeki-ku (佐伯区code: ja is deprecated , Saeki-ku) adalah salah satu …
Jelena Kostjutschenko (Mitte) auf dem Filmfestival „Side by Side“ (2011) Jelena Gennadjewna Kostjutschenko (russisch Елена Геннадьевна Костюченко, Betonung: Jeléna Gennádjewna Kostjutschénko; wiss. Transliteration Elena Gennad'evna Kostjučenko, * 25. September 1987 in Jaroslawl, Sowjetunion) ist eine russische Investigativjournalistin, Korrespondentin der Nowaja gaseta und LGBT-Aktivistin. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Aktivitäten in der LGBT-Bewegung 3 Auszeich…
Deutsche Ostsiedlung, Historischer Schul-Atlas, 1893. Ungefähre (grob schematische) sprachliche Verhältnisse vor Beginn der Ostsiedlung 895 (links) und am Ende des Prozesses um 1400 (rechts). Der Begriff der Hochmittelalterlichen Ostsiedlung beziehungsweise des mittelalterlichen Landesausbaus (auch Deutsche Ostsiedlung oder einfach Ostsiedlung) bezeichnet die Einwanderung überwiegend deutschsprachiger Siedler in die östlichen Randgebiete des Heiligen Römischen Reiches während des Hochmitte…
Stasiun Lenteng Agung B16 Hall Barat Stasiun Lenteng Agung pada Februari 2022Nama lainStasiun LentengLokasiJalan Raya Lenteng AgungLenteng Agung, Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan, 12610IndonesiaKetinggian+57 mOperatorKAI CommuterLetak dari pangkalkm 23+971 lintas Jakarta-Manggarai-Bogor/Nambo[1]Jumlah peronDua peron sisi yang tinggiJumlah jalur2Informasi lainKode stasiunLNA0704[2]KlasifikasiII[2]SejarahDibuka31 Januari 1873Elektrifikasi1 Mei 1930Nama sebelumnyaStation Lenteng A…
Rogatica Рогатица Rogatica (Bosnien und Herzegowina) Basisdaten Staat: Bosnien und Herzegowina Bosnien und Herzegowina Entität: Republika Srpska Koordinaten: 43° 48′ N, 19° 0′ O43.80027777777819.001666666667525Koordinaten: 43° 48′ 1″ N, 19° 0′ 6″ O Höhe: 525 m. i. J. Fläche: 664 km² Einwohner: 9.905 (2018[1]) Bevölkerungsdichte: 15 Einwohner je km² Telefonvorwahl: +387 (0) 58 Postleit…
Platforma ObywatelskaBürgerplattform Parteivorsitzender Donald Tusk Gründung 24. Januar 2001(Abspaltung von: Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność,Unia Wolności) Hauptsitz Ulica Wiejska 21,Warschau Abkürzung PO Ausrichtung Christdemokratie, Wirtschaftsliberalismus, Catch-all-Partei Pro-Europäismus Farbe(n) AzurblauOrange Jugendorganisation Stowarzyszenie„Młodzi Demokraci“ Sitze Sejm 119 / 460 (25,9 %) Sitze Senat 43 / 100 (43,0 %) Sitze Woiwodschaftstage 153 / 55…
Альбом «The 20/20 Experience» американского певца Джастина Тимберлейка стал лучшим в США. Список лучших альбомов США 2013 года (Billboard Year End Charts) — итоговый список наиболее популярных альбомов журнала Billboard по данным продаж за 2013 год[1][2]. Содержание 1 Общие сведения 2 История 3…
Sixteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race Season of television series RuPaul's Drag RaceSeason 16Hosted byRuPaulJudges RuPaul Michelle Visage Carson Kressley Ross Mathews Ts Madison No. of contestants14Companion showRuPaul's Drag Race Untucked! Country of originUnited StatesReleaseOriginal networkMTVOriginal releaseJanuary 5, 2024 (2024-01-05) –present (present)Season chronology← PreviousSeason 15List of episodes The sixteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race is set to premi…
United States Army officer and astronaut Anne McClainBornAnne Charlotte McClain (1979-06-07) June 7, 1979 (age 44)Spokane, Washington, U.S.StatusActiveAlma materU.S. Military AcademyUniversity of BathUniversity of BristolOccupationTest pilotAwardsDefense Superior Service MedalSpace careerNASA AstronautRankColonel, United States ArmyTime in space203 days 15 hours 16 minutes[1]Selection2013 NASA GroupTotal EVAs2Total EVA time13h 09mMissionsSoyuz MS-11 (Expedition 58/59)Mission in…
「死神さん」はこの項目へ転送されています。「死神くん」とは異なります。 死神刑事(デカ)著者 大倉崇裕発行日 2018年9月発行元 幻冬舎ジャンル ミステリ国 日本言語 日本語形態 四六判ページ数 285公式サイト gentosha.co.jpコード ISBN 978-4-34-403364-1 ウィキポータル 文学 [ ウィキデータ項目を編集 ]テンプレートを表示 死神さん著者 大倉崇裕発行日 2021年3月3日発行元 …
This article is about 2005 Indian film. For 2018 Bangladeshi film of the same name, see Debi (2018 film). 2005 Indian filmDebiTheatrical release posterDirected bySwapan SahaProduced byMukul SarkarStarringDebashree Roy[1]Rachna BanerjeeJisshu SenguptaKaushik BanerjeeRamaprasad BanikLocket ChatterjeeMusic byAshok BhadraRelease date 2005 (2005) CountryIndiaLanguageBengali Debi is a 2005 devotional Bengali film directed by Swapan Saha and produced by Mukul Sarkar. It is a remake of Kodi…
Food market The Milk MarketLocationMungret Street, Limerick, Republic of IrelandCoordinates52°39′49″N 8°37′19″W / 52.663653°N 8.622056°W / 52.663653; -8.622056Opening datepre-1800OwnerLimerick Market TrusteesGoods soldfood, crafts, clothing, health productsDays normally openFriday, Saturday, SundayNumber of tenants66ParkingCornmarket SquareWebsitewww.milkmarketlimerick.ie Exterior view of The Milk Market The Milk Market (Irish: Margadh an Bhainne)[1] i…
American bishop, educator, and pioneer The Most ReverendPhilander Chase6th Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal ChurchChurchEpiscopal ChurchIn office1843–1852PredecessorAlexander Viets GriswoldSuccessorThomas Church BrownellOther post(s)Bishop of Illinois (1835-1852)OrdersOrdinationNovember 10, 1799by Samuel ProvoostConsecrationFebruary 11, 1819by William WhitePersonal detailsBornDecember 14, 1775Cornish, New Hampshire, United StatesDiedSeptember 20, 1852(1852-09-20) (aged 76)Brimf…
PT Mitra Adiperkasa TbkJenisPerusahaan publikKode emitenIDX: MAPIIndustriRitelDidirikan23 Januari 1995; 28 tahun lalu (1995-01-23)KantorpusatJakarta, IndonesiaWilayah operasiAsia TenggaraTokohkunciHerman Bernhard Leopold Mantiri[1](Direktur Utama)Sri Indrastuti Hadiputranto[1](Komisaris Utama)PendapatanRp 18,424 triliun (2021)[2]Laba bersihRp 583 milyar (2021)[2]Total asetRp 16,783 triliun (2021)[2]Total ekuitasRp 7,096 triliun (2021)[2]Pemili…
Genus of insects For the mythical figure, see Galanthis. Historis Historis odius Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Lepidoptera Family: Nymphalidae Tribe: Coeini Genus: HistorisHübner, [1819] Synonyms Coea Hübner, [1819] Aganisthos Boisduval & Le Conte, [1835] Megistanis Doubleday, 1844 Historis is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae found from Mexico to South America.[1] Species Wikimedia Commons has …
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