Microsoft Works

Microsoft Works
Developer(s)Microsoft
Initial release1988; 36 years ago (1988)
Final release(s)
DOS3.0b Edit this on Wikidata / 1993
Classic Mac OS4.0b Edit this on Wikidata / 1994
Windows9[1] Edit this on Wikidata / 28 September 2007
Operating systemMS-DOS, Microsoft Windows, Classic Mac OS
TypeOffice suite
LicenseCommercial proprietary software
Websitewww.microsoft.com/products/works/default.mspx Edit this on Wikidata

Microsoft Works is a discontinued productivity software suite developed by Microsoft and sold from 1987 to 2009. Its core functionality includes a word processor, a spreadsheet and a database management system. Later versions have a calendar application and a dictionary while older releases include a terminal emulator. Works is available as a standalone program and as part of a namesake home productivity suite. Because of its low cost, companies frequently preinstalled Works on their low-cost machines. Works is smaller, less expensive, and has fewer features than contemporary major office suites such as Microsoft Office.

Mainstream support for the final standalone and suite release ended on October 9, 2012, and January 8, 2013, respectively.[2]

History

Microsoft Works originated as MouseWorks, an integrated spreadsheet, word processor, and database program, designed for the Macintosh by ex-Apple employee Don Williams and Rupert Lissner.[3] Williams planned to emulate the success of AppleWorks, a similar product for Apple II computers. Bill Gates and his Head of Acquisitions, Alan M. Boyd, convinced Williams in 1986[4] to license the product to Microsoft instead.[5] Initially intended as a scaled-down version of Office for small laptops like TRS-80 Model 100, which was developed by Microsoft and sold by Radio Shack, Microsoft Works evolved as a popular product in its own right as laptops grew in power.

On September 14, 1987, Microsoft unveiled Works for DOS.[6] The initial version 1.x of Works ran on any PC with at least 256k of memory. Works 2.x, introduced in 1990, required 512k and 3.x, introduced in 1992, required 640k.

In 1991, Microsoft issued the first Windows version of Works, titled MS Works for Windows 2.0. System requirements include Windows 3.0, a 286 CPU, and 1MB of memory. Works 3.x in 1993 requires Windows 3.1, a 386 CPU, and 4MB of memory. Subsequent releases are for Windows 95 and up, and the final version is Works 9.x in 2007, requiring Windows XP or Vista, 256MB of memory, and a Pentium 4 CPU.

Microsoft released Macintosh versions of Works starting with Works 2.0 in 1988. The version numbering roughly follows that of Windows releases.

Through version 4.5a, Works uses a monolithic program architecture whereby its word processor, spreadsheet and database documents run in windows of the same program interface. This results in a small memory and disk footprint, which enables it to run on slower computers with requirements as low as 6 MB of RAM and 12 MB free disk space. It also provides a mini version of Excel for DOS systems as a DOS version of that program is not available.[7] Works 2000 (Version 5.0) switches to a modular architecture which opens each document as a separate instance and uses the print engine from Internet Explorer.

Version 9.0, the final version, is available in two editions: an advertisement-free version, available in retail and for OEMs, and an ad-supported free version (Works SE) which was available only to OEMs for preinstallation on new computers.[8]

In late 2009, Microsoft announced it would discontinue Works and replace it with Office 2010 Starter Edition,[9][10] although it replaced only the word processor and spreadsheet components but not the calendar or the database.

Features

An installation disc of Microsoft Works 4.0 with Microsoft Money 95

Microsoft Works has built-in compatibility for the Microsoft Office document formats (.DOC and .XLS), including, but not limited to, the ability of the Works Word Processor to open Microsoft Word documents and the ability of the Works Spreadsheet to open Microsoft Excel workbooks. In the final version (Version 9.0), the Windows 95-era icons and toolbars are not updated to make them consistent with later application software.

While its utility for larger organizations is limited by its use of incompatible proprietary native .WKS (spreadsheet), .WDB (database), and .WPS (word processor) file formats, the simplicity of integrating database/spreadsheet data into word processor documents (e.g., mail merge) allow it to remain an option for some small and home-based business owners. Version 4.5a is particularly noted in this respect.[citation needed] The database management system, while a "flat file" (i.e., non-relational) allows the novice user to perform complex transformations through formulas (which use standard algebraic syntax and can be self-referential) and user-defined reports that can be copied as text to the clipboard. A 'Works Portfolio' utility offers Microsoft Binder-like functionality.

By installing the 2007 Office System Compatibility Pack, the Works Word Processor and Spreadsheet can import and export Office Open XML document formats, although they will be converted rather than being operated upon natively. The Works Calendar can store appointments, integrates with the Windows Address Book, as well as Address Book's successor, Windows Contacts, and can remind users of birthdays and anniversaries. It supports importing and exporting iCalendar (.ICS) files. It does not support subscribing to iCalendar files or publishing them online via WebDAV. Up to version 8, using the Works Task Launcher, the calendar and contacts from Windows Address Book could be synchronized with portable devices. In Works 9.0, the sync capability has been removed.[11]

File format compatibility and other issues

Microsoft (sometime in the past) made file format conversion filters for Microsoft Word for opening and saving to Works Word Processor format.[12][13] Microsoft Office Excel could import newer Works Spreadsheets because the newer Works Spreadsheet also used the Excel format but with a different extension (*.xlr).[14] There is an import filter for older Works 2.0 spreadsheet format (*.wks);[15] however it may be disabled in the registry by newer Microsoft Office Service packs.[16] As far as Works Spreadsheet 3.x/4.x/2000 (*.wks) and Works database (any version of *.wdb) files were concerned, in the past, Microsoft did not provide an import filter for Excel or Access. There are third party converters available for converting these filetypes to Excel spreadsheets: for database files (*.wdb), there was also a donateware utility;[17] for spreadsheet (*.wks) and database (*.wdb) files, a commercial solution was available (at least apparently in 2008).[18]

A general C++ library, libwps,[19][20] can extract text from many different versions of Microsoft Works, this library is used by Collabora Online and LibreOffice. NeoOffice (no longer active in 2024) also used the library.[21]

One commercially available solution for converting to and from Microsoft Works files on the Macintosh platform in 2016 was the MacLinkPlus product from DataViz. Free online conversion services in 2016 were also available.[22]

Works Spreadsheet and Works Database are unable to handle more than 500 fonts installed in Windows and throw error messages.[23]

Version history

Microsoft Works 2.0 for DOS

Works for MS-DOS

  • Microsoft Works 1.12
  • Microsoft Works 1.5
  • Microsoft Works 2.0 and 2.00a
  • Microsoft Works 3.0, 3.0a and 3.0b

Works for Mac OS

  • Microsoft Works 1.0
  • Microsoft Works 2.0
  • Microsoft Works 3.0
  • Microsoft Works 4.0

Works for Microsoft Windows

  • Microsoft Works 2.0 and 2.0a (Windows 3.x)
  • Microsoft Works 3.0, 3.0a and 3.0b (Windows 3.x)
  • Microsoft Works 4.0, 4.0a, 4.5 and 4.5a (Windows 95)
  • Microsoft Works 2000 (v.5)
  • Microsoft Works 6.0 – Last version for Windows 95
  • Microsoft Works 7.0 – Last version for Windows 98 (Original release)
  • Microsoft Works 8.0 – Last version for Windows 98 SE/Me/2000 – Fully compatible with Windows XP and Windows Vista, Windows 7 and later versions of Windows.
  • Microsoft Works 8.5 (Free update[24] for Works 8.0, Microsoft Works Suite 2005 and Microsoft Works Suite 2004 users)
  • Microsoft Works 9.0 – First version fully compatible with all versions of Windows Vista, fully compatible with later versions of Windows

Works Suite

In 1997, Microsoft introduced Microsoft Home Essentials, a home productivity package sold as a low-price suite that a Chicago Tribune review described as "one of the best bargains ever offered."[25] Home Essentials evolved to become Works Suite beginning with the 1999 edition, taking the namesake of Works. A slimmer version of the suite, Works Deluxe, was offered for that year but was discontinued thereafter.

As Works Suite's programs were developed separately and sold individually, each has a unique look and feel. They are integrated by a task plane, which picks the appropriate program for the user to accomplish each task. Works Suite includes additional programs such as FoneSync in 2001 and PowerPoint Viewer beginning in 2003. Later editions prompt users to upgrade to featured versions of the programs at a discount.

In addition to retail sales, Works Suite was included with the purchase of a new computer by companies such as Dell and Gateway. Works Suite was discontinued after the 2006 edition. Works was later bundled with Word as Works Plus 2008, but this was made available only to OEMs.

Comparison of bundled Works home productivity suites:

Product Suggested Retail Price Version Word Encarta Money Creativity Gaming Mapping Tools Imaging Tools
Home Essentials 97[26] $109 Works 4.0 Word 97 Encarta 97 Encyclopedia Greetings Workshop 1.0 Microsoft Arcade
Home Essentials 98[27] $109 Works 4.5 Word 97 Encarta 98 Encyclopedia Money 98 Greetings Workshop 2.0 Entertainment Pack: Puzzle Collection
Works Suite 99[28] $109 Works 4.5 Word 97 Encarta Encyclopedia 99 Money 99 Basic Graphics Studio Greetings 99 Expedia Streets 98 Picture It! Express 2.0
Works Deluxe 99 $84.95 Works 4.5 Money 99 Basic Graphics Studio Greetings 99 Picture It! Express 2.0
Works Suite 2000[29] $109 Works 5.0 Word 2000 Encarta Standard 2000 Money 2000 Standard Home Publishing 2000 Expedia Streets & Trips 2000 Picture It! Express 2000
Works Suite 2001[30] $109 Works 6.0 Word 2000 Encarta Standard 2001 Money 2001 Standard Streets & Trips 2001 Picture It! Publishing 2001
Works Suite 2002[31] $109 Works 6.0 Word 2002 Encarta Standard 2002 Money 2002 Standard Streets & Trips 2002 Picture It! Photo 2002
Works Suite 2003[32] $109 before $15 rebate Works 7.0 Word 2002 Encarta Standard 2003 Money 2003 Standard Streets & Trips 2003 Picture It! Photo 7.0
Works Suite 2004[33] $99.99 before $15 rebate Works 7.0 Word 2002 Encarta Standard 2004 Money 2004 Standard Streets & Trips 2004 Picture It! Photo Premium 9
Works Suite 2005[34] $99.99 before $20 rebate Works 8.0 Word 2002 Encarta Standard 2005 Money 2005 Standard Streets & Trips 2005 Picture It! Premium 10
Works Suite 2006[35] $99.99 before $20 rebate Works 8.0 Word 2002 Encarta Standard 2006 Money 2006 Standard Streets & Trips Essentials 2006 Digital Image Standard 2006
Works Plus 2008 Available from OEM only (free) Works 9.0 Word 2003

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Microsoft Works.

References

  1. ^ "Microsoft Works - Microsoft Lifecycle". Archived from the original on 23 January 2022.
  2. ^ "Microsoft Works - Microsoft Lifecycle". learn.microsoft.com. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  3. ^ InfoWorld Media Group, Inc. (28 July 1986). "InfoWorld". InfoWorld Media Group, Inc. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2016 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ "Discontinued Microsoft Products". news.ycombinator.com. 13 December 2019.
  5. ^ Manes, Stephen; Andrews, Paul. Gates. p. 328.
  6. ^ Tina (29 April 2009). "The History of Microsoft - 1987". Channel 9. Microsoft. Archived from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2012.
  7. ^ "System Requirements for Works for Windows 95". Archived from the original on 2007-10-24..
  8. ^ Fried, Ina (2008-04-18). "Microsoft quietly offering ad-funded Works | Beyond Binary - CNET News". News.CNET.com. Archived from the original on 2012-12-22. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  9. ^ Eaton, Nick (October 8, 2009). "Office Starter 2010 to Replace Microsoft Works". Blog.SeattlePI.com. Archived from the original on 2011-12-13.
  10. ^ "New Ways to Try and Buy Microsoft Office 2010 - Microsoft Office 2010 Engineering - Site Home - TechNet Blogs". blogs.technet.com. Archived from the original on 2 January 2012. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
  11. ^ "Works 9 Does Not Support Synchronizing the Works Calendar and the Address Book Together with Portable Devices". Support.Microsoft.com. Microsoft. October 31, 2007. Archived from the original on 2008-03-11. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  12. ^ "Microsoft Works 6–9 File Converter". Microsoft. Archived from the original on 2009-12-12. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
  13. ^ "Microsoft Works 4 File Converter". Microsoft. Archived from the original on 2010-04-30. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
  14. ^ "Works: How to Recover Data from a Corrupted Works Spreadsheet". Archived from the original on 2008-09-26. Retrieved 2008-09-29.
  15. ^ "Open WKS and WDB files in your speadsheet programm". Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  16. ^ "Office SP3 and File formats". Archived from the original on 11 March 2010. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  17. ^ "Works Database Converter". Archived from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  18. ^ "ProInso (vorher FreeQuest), die Insolvenzsoftware für Insolvenzverwalter & Rechtsanwälte". Archived from the original on 25 July 2008. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  19. ^ Ziem, Andrew (19 August 2006). "Re: libwps for Microsoft Works .wps". Usenet; gmane.comp.lib.wpd.devel. Archived from the original on 12 October 2006. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
  20. ^ "Page Redirection". Archived from the original on 19 July 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  21. ^ "NeoOffice An old fork of LibreOffice". NeoOffice. 2024-03-18. Retrieved 2024-03-18.
  22. ^ "Zamzar - video converter, audio converter, image converter, eBook converter". Archived from the original on 20 July 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  23. ^ "Error message when you try to open a spreadsheet or a database file in Works: "There are more than 500 fonts on the system"". Archived from the original on 2021-03-29. Retrieved 2020-08-17.
  24. ^ "How To Download". Microsoft Works. Archived from the original on 29 November 2005. If you are currently using Works 8 or Works Suite 2005 (and for a limited time, Works Suite 2004) you can download the new security upgrade for free.
  25. ^ "Microsoft Home Essentials 97 Produced by... - Chicago Tribune". Articles.chicagotribune.com. 1997-03-16. Archived from the original on 2013-05-21. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  26. ^ "Microsoft Introduces Home Essentials 97". Microsoft.com. Archived from the original on 2021-03-29. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  27. ^ "Microsoft Introduces Home Essentials 98". Microsoft.com. 1997-10-20. Archived from the original on 2014-07-31. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  28. ^ "Microsoft Offers Six Essential Software Applications In One Box for Value-Conscious Home PC Owners". Microsoft.com. 1998-10-19. Archived from the original on 2021-03-29. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  29. ^ "Microsoft Announces Works Suite 2000, The Complete Software Solution for the Home". Microsoft.com. 1999-09-20. Archived from the original on 2021-03-29. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  30. ^ "Works Suite 2001 Provides Essential Tools for the Productive Family". Microsoft.com. 2000-09-06. Archived from the original on 2014-07-31. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  31. ^ "New Microsoft Works Suite 2002 Provides Families With One-Box Shopping For All Home-Computing Needs". Microsoft.com. 2001-10-30. Archived from the original on 2013-05-23. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  32. ^ "With Six Popular Software Titles in One, Microsoft Works Suite 2003 Makes Home Productivity Easy and Fun". Microsoft.com. 2002-09-05. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  33. ^ "Exceptional Value and Enhanced Productivity Come Together in Works Suite". Microsoft.com. 2003-09-09. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  34. ^ "Six Complete Microsoft Software Titles in One Make It Easier for Households to Get More Done". Microsoft.com. 2004-09-22. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  35. ^ "Microsoft Works Suite 2006: Living the "Suite" Life Is Easier Than Ever". Microsoft.com. 2005-10-26. Archived from the original on 2013-08-14. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  1. ^ AI Spreadsheet. Sourcetable Inc., 2024. Retrieved 2024-11-14.

Read other articles:

Crocodile Dundee

Crocodile DundeeTheatrical release posterSutradaraPeter FaimanProduserJohn CornellSkenarioJohn CornellPaul HoganKen ShadieCeritaPaul HoganPemeranPaul HoganLinda KozlowskiPenata musikPeter BestSinematograferRussell BoydPenyuntingDavid StivenDistributorParamount PicturesTanggal rilis 30 April 1986 (1986-04-30) Durasi98 min.NegaraAustraliaAmerika SerikatBahasaInggrisAnggaranAUD$8,800,000 (perkiraan)SekuelCrocodile Dundee IIIMDbInformasi di IMDb Crocodile Dundee merupakan sebuah film A...

 

 

قائمة جوائز كأس العالم للأندية

جوائز كأس العالم للأنديةباولو غيريرو، كاسيو ودافيد لويز (من اليمين إلى اليسار) أثناء تسلّمهم الجوائز الفردية بعد نهائي كأس العالم للأندية 2012.أسست2000المنطقةدولي (فيفا) كأس العالم للأندية كرة القدم هي بطولة كرة قدم دولية أحدثها الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم لتعوض مسابقة كأس الإ�...

 

 

Katedral Nova Friburgo

Katedral Nova FriburgoKatedral Santo Yohanes PembaptisKatedral Nova FriburgoLokasiNova FriburgoNegara BrasilDenominasiGereja Katolik RomaArsitekturStatusKatedralStatus fungsionalAktifAdministrasiKeuskupanKeuskupan Nova Friburgo Katedral Nova Friburgo yang bernama resmi Katedral Santo Yohanes Pembaptis adalah sebuah gereja katedral Katolik yang terletak di Nova Friburgo, Brasil. Katedral ini merupakan pusat kedudukan dan takhta bagi Keuskupan Nova Friburgo.[1] Lihat juga Keuskupan...

Pélardon

French goat cheese PélardonOther namesparaldon, pélardou, péraudouCountry of originFranceRegionCévennes range, Languedoc-RoussillonSource of milkGoatsDimensions60-70 mm (diameter) x 22-27 mm (height)Weight60 grams Related media on Commons Pélardon, formerly called paraldon, pélardou and also péraudou, is a French cheese from the Cévennes range of the Languedoc-Roussillon region.[1] It is a traditional cheese made from goat's milk.[1] It is round soft-ripened cheese cov...

 

 

Uri Avnery

Uri AvneryAvnery pada 1965LahirHelmut Ostermann(1923-09-10)10 September 1923Beckum, JermanMeninggal20 Agustus 2018(2018-08-20) (umur 94)Tel Aviv, IsraelTahun aliyah1933Knesset6, 7, 9Faksi yang diwakili di Knesset1965–1974Meri1979–1981Kamp Kiri Israel Uri Avnery (Ibrani: אורי אבנרי, juga ditransliterasikan menjadi Uri Avneri; 10 September 1923 – 20 Agustus 2018) adalah seorang politikus, penulis dan pendiri gerakan perdamaian Gush asal Israel. Seorang anggota...

 

 

Unités de résistance de Sinjar

Unités de résistance de SinjarYBŞ Idéologie Confédéralisme démocratique Objectifs Protection des populations yézidies Statut Actif Site web ybs-yjs.com Fondation Date de formation 2014 Pays d'origine Irak Actions Zone d'opération Kurdistan irakien Organisation Chefs principaux Sheikh Khairy Khedr †Mazlum Shengal Membres 6 000[1] Groupe relié PKK, YJÊ, HPG, YPG, YPJ, HPÊ Seconde guerre civile irakienne modifier  Les Unités de résistance de Sinjar (kurde : Ye...

ロバート・デ・ニーロ

ロバート・デ・ニーロRobert De Niro 2011年のデ・ニーロ生年月日 (1943-08-17) 1943年8月17日（80歳）出生地 アメリカ合衆国・ニューヨーク州ニューヨーク市身長 177 cm職業 俳優、映画監督、映画プロデューサージャンル 映画、テレビドラマ活動期間 1963年 -配偶者 ダイアン・アボット（1976年 - 1988年）グレイス・ハイタワー（1997年 - ）主な作品 『ミーン・ストリート』（1973年）...

 

 

Herpont

HerpontcomuneHerpont – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Francia RegioneGrand Est Dipartimento Marna ArrondissementSainte-Menehould CantoneArgonne Suippe et Vesle TerritorioCoordinate49°00′N 4°44′E / 49°N 4.733333°E49; 4.733333 (Herpont)Coordinate: 49°00′N 4°44′E / 49°N 4.733333°E49; 4.733333 (Herpont) Superficie23 km² Abitanti118[1] (2009) Densità5,13 ab./km² Altre informazioniCod. postale51460 Fuso orarioUTC+1 Codice I...

 

 

Karl Anton

Karl AntonLahir(1898-10-25)25 Oktober 1898Praha, Kerajaan Bohemia, Kekaisaran Austria-HungariaMeninggal12 April 1979(1979-04-12) (umur 80)Berlin Barat, Jerman BaratPekerjaanSutradaraPenulis naskahProduserTahun aktif1922–1963Suami/istriRuth Buchardt–Hansen ​ ​(m. 1940)​ Karl Anton atau Karel Anton (25 Oktober 1898 – 12 April 1979) adalah seorang sutradara, penulis naskah dan produser Jerman kelahiran Bohemia.[1] Biografi...

Asoxime chloride

Chemical compound Asoxime chlorideClinical dataRoutes ofadministrationIntramuscular injectionATC codenoneLegal statusLegal status Experimental Identifiers IUPAC name 4-carbamoyl-1-[({2-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]pyridinium-1-yl}methoxy)methyl]pyridinium dichloride CAS Number34433-31-3 NPubChem CID5484128ChemSpider13004322 YUNIIHUV88P6SJSChEMBLChEMBL33051 YChemical and physical dataFormulaC14H16Cl2N4O3Molar mass359.21 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Interactive image SMILES C1=CC=...

 

 

Galerie nationale d'Art moderne et contemporain

Galerie nationale d'Art moderne et contemporainInformations généralesNom local (it) Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna e ContemporaneaType Musée d'art, musée national (d), musée d'art moderne (d), musée national italien (d), galerie d'art, Istituto museale ad autonomia speciale (d), musée du ministère italien de la Culture (d)Ouverture 1883Surface inconnueVisiteurs par an 204 152 (2022)Site web lagallerianazionale.comCollectionsCollections Art moderne et contemporainNombre d'...

 

 

Rust Creek

2018 film directed by Jen McGowan Rust CreekTheatrical release posterDirected byJen McGowanWritten byJulie LipsonStory by Stu Pollard Julie Lipson Produced by Stu Pollard Nicholaas Bertelsen Harris McCabe Starring Hermione Corfield Jay Paulson Sean O'Bryan Micah Hauptman Daniel R. Hill CinematographyMichelle LawlerEdited byDavid HopperMusic byH. Scott SalinasProductioncompanyLunacy ProductionsDistributed byIFC FilmsRelease dates May 3, 2018 (2018-05-03) (Bentonville Film Fe...

Ingles

American supermarket chain in the southeast region For other uses, see Ingles (disambiguation). Ingles Markets, Inc.An Ingles location in Candler, NCFormerlyIngles Corner ShopCompany typePublicTraded asNasdaq: IMKTA (Class A)NASDAQIndustryRetail groceryFounded1963; 61 years ago (1963)Asheville, North Carolina, U.S.FounderRobert P. IngleHeadquartersBlack Mountain, North Carolina, U.S.Number of locations198[1]Areas servedAlabamaGeorgiaNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaT...

 

 

Piano voting in Ukraine

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article may be in need of reorganization to comply with Wikipedia's layout guidelines. Please help by editing the article to make improvements to the overall structure. (March 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to w...

 

 

Большая гавайская древесница

† Большая гавайская древесница Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:За...

Hotel Oran Bay

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Arabic. (March 2024) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-q...

 

 

1900 Missouri gubernatorial election

Election for the governorship of the U.S. state of Missouri For related races, see 1900 United States gubernatorial elections. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: 1900 Missouri gubernatorial election – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this m...

 

 

سفارة دولة فلسطين لدى زيمبابوي

سفارة دولة فلسطين لدى زيمبابوي فلسطين زيمبابوي الإحداثيات 17°48′48″S 31°02′44″E / 17.813230111111°S 31.045546111111°E / -17.813230111111; 31.045546111111   البلد زيمبابوي  المكان هراري الاختصاص زيمبابوي  السَفير تامر المصري تعديل مصدري - تعديل   سفارة دولة فلسطين لدى زيمبابوي هي الممث...

Bradford Armory

United States historic placeBradford ArmoryU.S. National Register of Historic Places Bradford Armory, June 2009Show map of PennsylvaniaShow map of the United StatesLocation28 Barbour St., Bradford, PennsylvaniaCoordinates41°57′23″N 78°39′13″W / 41.95639°N 78.65361°W / 41.95639; -78.65361Area0.3 acres (0.12 ha)Built1912ArchitectMount, A.P.,& Son; Tuna Manufacturing Co.Architectural styleRomanesque RevivalMPSPennsylvania National Guard Armories ...

 

 

Connected for Life

2002 single by Mack 10 featuring Ice Cube, WC & Butch CassidyConnected for LifeSingle by Mack 10 featuring Ice Cube, WC & Butch Cassidyfrom the album Bang or Ball and xXx (soundtrack) ReleasedMay 28, 2002 (2002-05-28)Recorded2001GenreGangsta rapWest Coast hip hopG-funkLength4:23LabelCash MoneyUniversalSongwriter(s)WCIce CubeMack 10Mannie FreshProducer(s)Mannie FreshMack 10 singles chronology Hate In Yo Eyes (2001) Connected for Life (2002) Lights Out (2003) Ice Cube...