Michael II of Antioch

Michael II
Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East
Church	Syriac Orthodox Church
See	Antioch
Installed	1292
Term ended	1312
Predecessor	Philoxenus I Nemrud
Successor	Michael III Yeshu
Personal details
Born	Barsoum
Died	7 December 1312

Michael II^{[nb 1]} (Syriac: ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܡܝܟܐܝܠ ܬܪܝܢܐ, Arabic: البطريرك ميخائيل الثاني)^[3] was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1292 until his death in 1312.

Biography

Barsoum was born in the 13th century, and became the abbot of the Monastery of Gawikat, near Mopsuestia in Cilicia.^[2]^[4] After the death of Patriarch Philoxenus I Nemrud, Barsoum was consecrated as his successor as patriarch of Antioch in November 1292 by Iyawannis, archbishop of Tarsus, and Basil, archbishop of Jerusalem, and assumed the name Michael.^[5]^[6] Schism within the church erupted at this time as Constantine proclaimed himself patriarch at Melitene, and Ignatius bar Wahib was consecrated as patriarch of Mardin in January 1293.^[7]

Michael issued a general proclamation on 6 January 1295 declaring his ascension to the patriarchate, and excommunicated Constantine of Melitene and his supporters.^[2] The proclamation was also signed by the aforementioned Iyawannis and Basil.^[5] In 1301, he resided at the White Monastery near Dara.^[8] He served as patriarch of Antioch until his death on 7 December 1312.^[2]

References

Notes

^ He is counted as either Michael I as the first patriarch by that name in Cilicia,^[1] Michael II after Michael I (r. 1166–1199),^[2] or Michael III after Michael II the Younger (r. 1199-1215).^[1]

Citations

^ ^a ^b Burleson & Van Rompay (2011).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Barsoum (2003), p. 488.
^ James E. Walters (17 August 2016). "Michael I (III), patriarch". A Guide to Syriac Authors. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
^ Thomas A. Carlson (14 January 2014). "Gawikat". The Syriac Gazetteer. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
^ ^a ^b Barsoum (2008), p. 58.
^ Carlson (2018), p. 267.
^ Barsoum (2008), p. 48.
^ Barsoum (2008), p. 13.

Bibliography

Barsoum, Aphrem (2003). The Scattered Pearls: A History of Syriac Literature and Sciences. Translated by Matti Moosa (2nd ed.). Gorgias Press. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
Barsoum, Aphrem (2008). History of the Za'faran Monastery. Translated by Matti Moosa. Gorgias Press.
Burleson, Samuel; Van Rompay, Lucas (2011). "List of Patriarchs: II. The Syriac Orthodox Church and its Uniate continuations". In Sebastian P. Brock; Aaron M. Butts; George A. Kiraz; Lucas Van Rompay (eds.). Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
Carlson, Thomas A. (2018). Christianity in Fifteenth-Century Iraq. Cambridge University Press.

Preceded by Philoxenus I Nemrud	Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch 1292–1312	Succeeded by Michael III Yeshu

v t e Patriarchs of the Syriac Orthodox Church
6th–9th centuries	Severus I (512–538) Sergius of Tella (c. 544–c. 547; c. 557–560) Paul II (c. 551/564–578) Peter III (578/581–591) Julian II (591–594) Athanasius I Gammolo (594/595–631) John III (631–648) Theodore (649–666/667) Severus II bar Masqeh (667/668–680/684) Athanasius II Baldoyo (683/684–687) Julian III (687–707/708) Elias I (709–723/724) Athanasius III (724–739/740) Iwannis I (739/740–754/755) Isaac I (755–756)† Athanasius Sandalaya (756–758)† George I (758/759–789/790) John of Raqqa (758–762)† David of Dara (762–774)† Joseph (790–791/792) Quriaqos (793–817) Abraham (807/808–837)† Dionysius I Telmaharoyo (818–845) Simeon (c. 837)† John IV (846/847–873/874) Ignatius II (878–883) Theodosius Romanus (887–896) Dionysius II (896/897–908/909)
10th–13th centuries	John V (910–922) Basil I (923–935) John VI (936–953) Iwannis II (954–957) Dionysius III (958–961) Abraham I (962–963) John VII Sarigta (965–985) Athanasius IV Salhoyo (986/987–1002/1003) John VIII bar Abdoun (1004–1030/1031/1033) Dionysius IV Yahyo (1031–1042) John IX bar ʿAbdun (1042/1048/1049–1057) Athanasius V Yahyo (1057/1058–1062/1064) John X bar Shushan (1063/1064–1072/1073) Basil II (1074–1075) John bar ʿAbdun (1075–1076/1077)† Dionysius V Laʿzar (1077–1078/1079) Iwannis III (1086–1087/1088) Dionysius VI (1088–1090) Athanasius VI bar Khamoro (1090/1091–1129) John XI bar Mawdyono (1129/1130–1137) Athanasius VII bar Qatra (1138/1139–1166) Michael I Rabo (1166–1199) Theodore bar Wahbun (1180–1193)† Athanasius VIII (1199–1207) Michael II the Younger (1199/1200–1215)† John XII (1207/1208–1219/1220) Ignatius III David (1222–1252) Dionysius VII ʿAngur (1252–1261)† John XIII bar Ma'dani (1252–1263) Ignatius IV Yeshu (1264–1282/1283) Philoxenus I Nemrud (1283–1292) Michael II (1292–1312)
Patriarchs of Mardin, 1293–1445	Ignatius bar Wahib (1293–1333) Ignatius Ismail (1333–1365/1366) Ignatius Shahab (1365/1366–1381) Ignatius Abraham bar Gharib (1381/1382–1412) Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo (1412–1445)
Patriarchs of Melitene, 1293–1360	Ignatius Constantine (1292–1293) Ignatius Philoxenus (1349–c. 1360)
Patriarchs of Tur Abdin, 1364–1844	Ignatius Saba I (1364–1389) Ignatius Yeshu I (1389–1418) Ignatius Masʿud I (1418–1420) Ignatius Enoch (1421–1444/1445) Ignatius Qumo (1444/1446–1454/1455) Ignatius Yeshu II (1455–1460) Ignatius Philoxenus Aziz bar Sobto (1460–1482) Ignatius Saba II (1482–1488/1489) Ignatius John Quphar ʿEnwardoyo (1489–1492/1493) Ignatius Masʿud II (1492/1493–1494/1509/1512) Ignatius Yeshu III (1515–1524) Ignatius Simon of Hattakh (1524–1551) Ignatius Jacob of Hesna d’Kifa (1551–1571) Ignatius Sohdo of Midyat (1584–1621) Ignatius Abdallah of Midyat (c. 1628) Ignatius Habib of Midyat (1674–1707) Ignatius Denho of Arnas (1707–1725) Ignatius Barsawmo of Midyat (1740–1791) Ignatius Aho of Arbo (1791–1816) Ignatius Ishaʿya of Arbo (1791–1816) Severus Isaac of Azekh (1804–1816) Joseph of Arnas (1805–1834) Barsawmo of Hbob (1816–1839) Mirza of Beth Sbirino (1816–1842) Gregory Zaitun Ghomo of Midyat (1821–1844) Severus Abd al-Nur of Arbo (1834–1839)
14th–17th centuries	Michael III Yeshu (1313–1349) Basil III Gabriel (1349–1387) Philoxenus II (1387–c. 1421) Basil IV Simon (1421/1422–1444/1445) Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo (1445–1455) Ignatius Khalaf Maʿdnoyo (1455/1456–1484) Ignatius John XIV (1484–1493) Ignatius Noah of Lebanon (1493/1494–1509) Ignatius Yeshu I (1509–1510/1519) Ignatius Jacob I (1510/1512–1517/1519) Ignatius David I (1519–1521) Ignatius Abdullah I (1521–1557) Ignatius Ni'matallah (1557–1576) Ignatius David II Shah (1576–1591) Ignatius Pilate (1591–1597) Ignatius Hidayat Allah (1597/1598–1639/1640) Ignatius Simon I (1640–1653) Ignatius Shukrallah I (1640–1670)† Ignatius Yeshu II (1653/1655–1661) Ignatius Abdulmasih I (1661/1662–1686) Ignatius George II (1687–1708)
18th century–present	Ignatius Isaac II (1709–1722) Ignatius Shukrallah II (1722/1723–1745) Ignatius George III (1745/1746–1768) Ignatius George IV (1768–1781) Ignatius Matthew (1782–1817/1819) Ignatius John (1817–1818) Ignatius George V (1819–1836/1839) Ignatius Elias II (1836/1839–1847) Ignatius Jacob II (1847–1871) Ignatius Peter IV (1872–1894) Ignatius Abdulmasih II (1894/1895–1903) Ignatius Abdullah II (1906–1915) Ignatius Elias III (1917–1932/1933) Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum (1933–1957) Ignatius Jacob III (1957–1980) Ignatius Zakka I Iwas (1980–2014) Ignatius Aphrem II (2014–Present)
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