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Mark 27 Mod 4 torpedo
Mark 27 Mod 4 torpedo
Type	Acoustic torpedo
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1946-1960
Used by	United States Navy
Production history
Designer	Ordnance Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University
Designed	1946
Manufacturer	Avco; Naval Ordnance Station Forest Park
Produced	1946-1954
No. built	3000
Specifications
Mass	1,175 pounds (533 kg)
Length	125.75 inches (3.194 m)
Diameter	19 inches (48 cm) (with 21-inch (53 cm) guide rails)
Effective firing range	6,200 yards (5.7 km) (12 minutes search duration)
Warhead	Mk 27 Mod 2, HBX
Warhead weight	128 pounds (58 kg)
Detonation; mechanism	Mk 11 Mod 2 contact exploder
Engine	Electric
Maximum speed	15.9 knots (29.4 km/h)
Guidance; system	Gyroscope
Launch; platform	Submarines

Mark 27 torpedo
Mark 27 torpedo
Type	Acoustic torpedo
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1943-1946
Used by	United States Navy
Wars	World War II
Production history
Designer	Bell Telephone Laboratories
Designed	1943
Manufacturer	Western Electric
No. built	1000
Variants	Mark 27 Mod 4
Specifications
Mass	720 pounds (330 kg)
Length	90 inches (2.3 m)
Diameter	19 inches (48 cm) (21-inch (53 cm) guide rails)
Effective firing range	5,000 yards (4.6 km) (approx. 12 minutes search duration)
Warhead	Mk 27 Mod 0
Detonation; mechanism	Mk 11 Mod 2 contact exploder
Engine	Electric
Maximum speed	12 knots (22 km/h)
Guidance; system	Gyroscope
Launch; platform	Submarines

The Mark 27 torpedo was the first of the United States Navy 19-inch (48-cm) submarine-launched torpedoes.^[2] This electrically-propelled torpedo was 125 inches (3.175 m) long and weighed 1174 pounds (534 kg).^[2] The torpedo employed a passive acoustic guidance system and was intended for both submarine and surface targets.^[2] Nicknamed "Cutie" ^[3] by submarine crews, the Mark 27 entered service in 1943 as a defensive weapon.^[4] The torpedo was classified as obsolete in the 1960s.^[2]

The Mark 27 was essentially a Mark 24 mine which had been modified for submarine launching in a 21-inch (53 cm) submerged torpedo tube by the addition of 1" (25 mm) wooden guide studs mounted on the torpedo's outer shell.^[1]^[5]

Modifications and improvements

The Mark 27 Mod 4 torpedo was designed by the Ordnance Research Laboratory of Pennsylvania State University in 1946 as an improved version of the Mark 27 torpedo.^[1]

Fully compatible with electrical setting fire control systems through the use of the standard 65-pin umbilical cable, this weapon was in service on submarines for about ten years. It was withdrawn from service use in 1960 with the introduction of the Mark 37 torpedo.^{[citation needed]}

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad Jolie, E.W. (15 September 1978). "A Brief History of US Navy Torpedo Development: Torpedo Mk 27 Mod 0". Retrieved 19 June 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Kurak, September 1966, p.145
^ "USS Pampanito - Mk 27 Torpedo". Archived from the original on 3 December 2010. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
^ Jones, Edward Monroe; Roderick, Shawn S. (19 November 2014). Submarine Torpedo Tactics: An American History. McFarland. pp. 111, 113. ISBN 9781476617589.
^ US Navy torpedo history, part 2

References

Kurak, Steve (September 1966). "The U. S. Navy's Torpedo Inventory". United States Naval Institute Proceedings. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)