Mangatangi River

Not to be confused with Mangatangi Streams near Waverley, near Shannon, or flowing into Lake Taharoa.

Mangatangi River
Mangatangi River is located in New Zealand
Mangatangi River
Location
CountryNew Zealand
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationHunua Ranges
 • elevation688 m (2,257 ft)
Mouth 
 • location
Maramarua River
 • elevation
15 m (49 ft)
Lengthapprox. 35 km (22 mi)
Basin size196 km2 (76 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • locationSH 2 bridge
 • minimum0.127 cubic metres per second (28 imperial gallons per second)
 • maximum183 m3/s (40,254 impgal/s)

The Mangatangi River, or Mangatangi Stream, originates on the eastern slopes of the Hunua Ranges in New Zealand and flows roughly southwards until it is joined by the Ruaotehuia Stream just north of State Highway 2 between Mangatāwhiri and Maramarua, where it becomes the Maramarua River. Mangatangi can be translated as manga tangi to stream of weeping,[1] or as rippling stream, or babbling brook.[2]

River or stream?

The dictionary defines a river as a large natural stream. The Mangatangi is called a stream by some sources and a river by others. The New Zealand Geographic Board hasn't given it an official name.[3]

The 1:50,000 map shows it as a Stream,[4] but LAWA calls it a River,[5] as does Regional Council in documents on swimming[6] and flow,[7] but a Stream in its catchment management plan.[8] Other references to River are 1894[9] and 1895[10] requests for a bridge, a Ratification Information Booklet and on Te Awa,[11] RNZ,[12] District Council,[13] National Library and local historical group websites.

Geology

The river starts as several small streams on the eastern slopes of the Hunua Ranges. Greywacke and argillite[14] of the Waipapa Group[15] form the High Hunua Horst and underlie the river in the Hunua Ranges.[14] The south-eastern boundary of the horst is the Mangatangi Fault, which runs along the north-west side of the mid section of the river.[16] The upper stream is typically shallow, fast flowing, with cobble and gravel substrate.[14]

Human use

As well as being a water and recreation resource, the river was historically a transport link. It also provided shingle to metal local roads[17] and that use continues.[18] A flax industry also existed as late as 1930.[19]

Mangatangi Dam

The earth-fill dam (2,140,000 m3 (76,000,000 cu ft), with stone facing, was built between 1972 and 1977, on a foundation drainage filled with greywacke,[20] with a 67 m (220 ft) high bellmouth spillway.[21] It is 340 m (1,120 ft) wide, 78 m (256 ft) high and can hold 39,000,000 m3 (8.6×109 imp gal) of water covering 169 ha (420 acres).[20]

Bridges

In 1897 Whangamarino Road Board built a girder bridge across the river.[22] By 1914 it was in disrepair.[23] A flood swept a temporary bridge away, whilst a replacement was being built in 1922.[24]

Further upstream, Stubbs Bridge was also built in 1922, swept away in 1966 and replaced in 1967.[13]

In 1921 Franklin County Council rejected a tender for a bridge with concrete piers, a main span of 64 ft (20 m) and two 20 ft (6.1 m) side spans.[25] Stubbs Bridge was opened on 22 December 1924 by Minister of Public Works, Gordon Coates.[26]

Ecology

Species

Introduced species include rainbow and brown trout. Koi carp[27] and mosquitofish, have become major pests.

Trout were introduced in 1885.[28]

Water quality is high in the regional park, but degrades downstream with increasing agricultural land use, so that by the Watercare Services flow gauging weir, given consent in 2001, only eels and Crans bully (Gobiomorphus basalis) were recorded. Galaxiids are largely absent upstream of the weir. Longfinned and shortfinned eels, and Crans bully are common.[14] Attempts were made in the past to trap eels, in the belief that they damaged fisheries.[29]

Grey teal, brown teal and grey duck have been seen on the reservoir.[30]

Environmental issues

Pollution measurements near the mouth of the river show that it is among the worst 25% of waterways in the country for a majority of pollutants.[27] The catchment is mostly fertile farmland, so intensive agriculture is present and significant agricultural pollution is leached into groundwater and contained in the runoff.

The removal of the native vegetation throughout the catchment to accommodate the increasing demand for farmland has contributed to the silting of the river with loose soils from eroded farmland. That would have been exacerbated by floating the felled logs down the stream, which was licensed under the Timber Floating Act 1873 till at least 1911.[31]

References

  1. ^ "1000 Māori place names - Te Wiki o Te Reo Māori - Māori Language Week | NZHistory, New Zealand history online". nzhistory.govt.nz. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  2. ^ "North Eastern Waikato Community Plan 2011" (PDF). Waikato District Council.
  3. ^ "New Zealand Gazetteer: Search for Place Names". Land Information New Zealand (LINZ). Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  4. ^ "Mangatangi Stream, Waikato". NZ Topo Map. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  5. ^ "Land, Air, Water Aotearoa (LAWA) - Mangatangi River at SH2 Maramarua". www.lawa.org.nz. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  6. ^ "Mangatangi River at Maramarua". Waikato Regional Council. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  7. ^ "River Level Primary at Mangatangi". riverlevelsmap.waikatoregion.govt.nz. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  8. ^ "Lake Waikare and Whangamarino Wetland Catchment Management Plan" (PDF). Waikato Regional Council. 2017.
  9. ^ "ROAD BOARD MEETINGS. (New Zealand Herald, 1894-12-12)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  10. ^ "COUNTRY NEWS. (New Zealand Herald, 1895-12-25)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  11. ^ Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Mangatangi dam". teara.govt.nz. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  12. ^ "Mangatangi Marae says mine adds insult to injury". Radio New Zealand. 17 October 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  13. ^ a b "Stubbs Bridge - Mangatangi River" (PDF). Waikato District Council.
  14. ^ a b c d Barnes, Grant E (June 2004). "Barriers to fish passage in the Hunua Ranges and Waharau Regional Parks" (PDF). Auckland Regional Council.
  15. ^ "1:250 000 Geological Map of New Zealand (QMAP) / Auckland - GNS Science". www.gns.cri.nz. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  16. ^ "The Geology of the Tuakau-Mercer Area". Royal Society of New Zealand. 1948. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
  17. ^ "THE MOTOR WORLD (New Zealand Herald, 1924-12-06)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
  18. ^ "Our Products". Mangatangi River Rock Ltd. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
  19. ^ "EXCHANGE ON LONDON. (New Zealand Herald, 1930-02-18)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  20. ^ a b "Engineering Heritage". www.ipenz.org.nz. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  21. ^ "Slaking the Big Thirst". New Zealand Geographic. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  22. ^ "SATURDAY, MARCH 6, 1897. (Waikato Argus, 1897-03-06)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
  23. ^ "WORK IN THE COUNTY. (Pukekohe & Waiuku Times, 1914-07-10)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
  24. ^ "TUESDAY, JANUARY 31, 1922. LOCAL AND GENERAL. (Pukekohe & Waiuku Times, 1922-01-31)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
  25. ^ "ROAD WORKS IN FRANKLIN. (Pukekohe & Waiuku Times, 1921-02-08)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  26. ^ "POSTAL PROGRESS. (Pukekohe & Waiuku Times, 1924-12-24)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  27. ^ a b "Land, Air, Water Aotearoa - Mangatangi River at SH2 Maramarua". www.lawa.org.nz. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  28. ^ "SUMMARY GOLD RETURNS. (Thames Advertiser, 1885-01-31)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  29. ^ "CLEARING RIVER OF EELS (New Zealand Herald, 1938-09-14)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
  30. ^ "ducks on Mangatangi dam Hunua". www.birdingnz.net. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  31. ^ "AUCKLAND LAND BOARD. (Auckland Star, 1911-07-27)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 November 2017.

37°13′28″S 175°10′29″E / 37.224363°S 175.174833°E / -37.224363; 175.174833

Read other articles:

Gereja Santo Yosef, Singapura

Gereja Santo YosefAgamaAfiliasiGereja Katolik RomaDistrikCentral RegionLokasiLokasi143 Victoria Street  SingapuraArsitekturGaya arsitekturKebangkitan GotikPeletakan batu pertama1904 (bangunan saat ini)Rampung1912 (bangunan saat ini)SpesifikasiPanjang66,25 mLebar45 mLebar tengah18,75mSitus webhttp://www.catholic.org.sg/sjc/index.html Gereja Santo Yosef adalah sebuah gereja Katolik di Singapura. Gereja ini terletak di sepanjang Victoria Street di Rochor Planning Area, dalam Central Area di...

 

Parvoviridae

Parvoviridae Penyakitparvovirus infectious disease (en) TaksonomiSuperdomainBiotaDomainVirusDuniaMonodnaviriaKerajaanShotokuviraeFilumCossaviricotaKelasQuintoviricetesOrdoPiccoviralesFamiliParvoviridae Subfamili Densovirinae Hamaparvovirinae Parvovirinae lbs Parvoviridae merupakan virus DNA rantai tunggal, berukuran kecil, dan tidak berkapsul.[1] Parvovirus yang menyerang anjing adalah Canine Parvovirus tipe 2 (CPV-2).[2] CPV-2 berkerabat dekat dengan panleukopenia virus (FPV)...

 

Peter Joseph Jugis

American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church His Excellency, The Most ReverendPeter Joseph JugisBishop of CharlotteDioceseCharlotteAppointedAugust 1, 2003InstalledOctober 24, 2003PredecessorWilliam George CurlinOrdersOrdinationJune 12, 1983by Pope John Paul IIConsecrationOctober 24, 2003by John Francis Donoghue, William G. Curlin, and F. Joseph GossmanPersonal detailsBorn (1957-03-03) March 3, 1957 (age 67)Charlotte, North CarolinaAlma materUniversity of North Carolina at Char...

Bandar Udara Internasional Binhai Tianjin

Tianjin Binhai International Airport天津滨海国际机场Tiānjīn Bīnhăi Guójì JīchǎngIATA: TSNICAO: ZBTJInformasiJenisPublicPengelolaCivil Aviation Administration of ChinaMelayaniTianjinLokasiDongli DistrictMaskapai penghubung Okay Airways Tianjin Airlines Ketinggian dpl3 mdplKoordinat39°07′28″N 117°20′46″E / 39.12444°N 117.34611°E / 39.12444; 117.34611PetaTSNLocation in ChinaLandasan pacu Arah Panjang Permukaan m kaki 16R/34L 3,600 11,...

 

ICE 3

ICE 3DB/NS Kelas 403/406/407/408ICE 3 di jalur kereta kecepatan tinggi Köln-FrankfurtBeroperasi1999–sekarangPembuatSiemensPabrik pembuatN+P Industrial Design, SiemensJenisSiemens VelaroJumlah sudah diproduksiKelas 403: 50 (49 beroperasi)Kelas 406: 17 (16 beroperasi)Kelas 407: 17Kelas 408: 73 dalam pesananFormasi8 gerbong penumpang per setengah kereta, dengan opsi traksi ganda menjadi 16 gerbong penumpangKapasitas441 (Kelas 403)430 (Kelas 406)460 (Kelas 407)455 (Kelas 408)Operator DB (DB Fe...

 

Wayang bambu

Wayang bambuᮝᮚᮀ ᮘᮙ᮪ᮘᮥKarakter pada Wayang bambu.JenisWayangSeni pendahuluKebudayaan SundaBudaya awalIndonesiaAwal berkembang2000 (2000) M Wayang bambu (Aksara Sunda: ᮝᮚᮀ ᮘᮙ᮪ᮘᮥ) adalah kesenian khas dari yang berasal dari wilayah Kampung Cijahe, Kelurahan Curugmekar, Kecamatan Bogor Barat, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat.[1] Wayang ini terbuat dari bambu yang dibersihkan dan di bentuk menyerupai karakter tokoh tertentu, wayang bambu juga dimainkan oleh seora...

La signora in nero

Questa voce sull'argomento film commedia è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. La signora in neroLaura Redi e Carlo Ninchi nel filmLingua originaleitaliano Paese di produzioneItalia Anno1943 Durata78 min Dati tecniciB/N Generecommedia RegiaNunzio Malasomma SoggettoMino Caudana, Nunzio Malasomma e Paul Gavault SceneggiaturaMino Caudana, Nunzio Malasomma e Gaspare Cataldo ProduttoreSalvino Sarn...

 

Thomas Cushing

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Thomas et Cushing. Thomas CushingFonctionsGouverneur du Massachusetts17 février - 27 mai 1785John HancockJames BowdoinLieutenant-gouverneur du Massachusetts4 novembre 1780 - 28 février 1788Thomas Oliver (en)Benjamin LincolnBiographieNaissance 24 mars 1725Quincy ou BostonDécès 28 février 1788 (à 62 ans)BostonSépulture Granary Burying GroundFormation Université HarvardActivité Homme politiquePère Thomas Cushing II (en)Mère Mary Cushing (Br...

 

Distrik kota (Jepang)

Kota-kota di Jepang dibagi-bagi menjadi distrik kota. Peta ini dibuat dengan kota-kota tambahan yang telah terbagi menjadi distrik kota: Hamamatsu (antara Nagoya dan Shizuoka), Okayama (antara Hiroshima dan Kobe), Sapporo dan Kumamoto (di luar peta cakupan). Distrik kota (区code: ja is deprecated , ku) adalah pembagian administratif dari kota-kota di Jepang yang sudah cukup besar sehingga telah ditetapkan oleh peraturan pemerintah.[1] Distrik kota digunakan untuk membagi masing-masin...

HMS Glorious

Royal Navy aircraft carrier sunk in WWII Glorious after her conversion into an aircraft carrier History United Kingdom NameGlorious Ordered14 March 1915 BuilderHarland and Wolff, Belfast Cost£1,967,223 Yard number482–484 Laid down1 May 1915 Launched20 April 1916 Completed31 December 1916 CommissionedJanuary 1917 ReclassifiedConverted to aircraft carrier, 1924–1930 IdentificationPennant number: 77 Nickname(s)Laborious FateSunk by Scharnhorst and Gneisenau, 8 June 1940 General characterist...

 

大字 (数字)

この項目には、一部のコンピュータや閲覧ソフトで表示できない文字が含まれています（詳細）。 数字の大字（だいじ）は、漢数字の一種。通常用いる単純な字形の漢数字（小字）の代わりに同じ音の別の漢字を用いるものである。 概要 壱万円日本銀行券（「壱」が大字） 弐千円日本銀行券（「弐」が大字） 漢数字には「一」「二」「三」と続く小字と、「壱」「�...

 

Навчально-науковий інститут інноваційних освітніх технологій Західноукраїнського національного університету

Навчально-науковий інститут інноваційних освітніх технологій Західноукраїнського національного університету Герб навчально-наукового інституту інноваційних освітніх технологій ЗУНУ Скорочена назва ННІІОТ ЗУНУ Основні дані Засновано 2013 Заклад Західноукраїнський �...

الطريق الجهوية رقم 39 (تونس)

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (فبراير 2016) الطري�...

 

1880–81 Home Nations rugby union matches

The first Welsh team to play an international rugby match, February 1881 The 1880–81 Home Nations rugby union matches were a series of international rugby union friendlies held between the England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales national rugby union teams. This season is most notable for the introduction of Wales as an international rugby union nation, playing their first ever match in a game against England. Although Wales were humiliated[1] by a crushing defeat it did not stop rugby ...

 

1982 Malagasy presidential election

1982 Malagasy presidential election ← 1972 7 November 1982 1989 →   Nominee Didier Ratsiraka Monja Jaona Party AREMA MONIMA Popular vote 3,192,156 789,869 Percentage 80.16% 19.84% President before election Didier Ratsiraka AREMA Elected President Didier Ratsiraka AREMA Politics of Madagascar Government President Andry Rajoelina Prime Minister Christian Ntsay Parliament Senate President National Assembly President Administrative divisions Provinces (Faritany Mi...

Michael Bilirakis

American politician (born 1930) This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Michael Bilirakis – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this me...

 

Christian-Auguste de Holstein-Gottorp

Christian-Auguste de Holstein-Gottorp Portrait de Christian-Auguste de Holstein-Gottorp Fonctions Prince-évêque de Lübeck 2 octobre 1705 – 24 avril 1726 (20 ans, 6 mois et 22 jours) Prédécesseur Auguste Frédéric de Holstein-Gottorp Successeur Charles-Auguste de Holstein-Gottorp Biographie Dynastie Maison de Holstein-Gottorp Nom de naissance Christian August von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf Date de naissance 11 janvier 1673 Lieu de naissance Gottorp (Schleswig-Holstein) ...

 

中国紅十字会

中国紅十字会各種表記繁体字： 中國紅十字會簡体字： 中国红十字会拼音： Zhōngguó Hóngshízìhuì英文： Red Cross Society of Chinaテンプレートを表示 中国紅十字会（ちゅうごくこうじゅうじかい、Zhōngguó Hóngshízìhuì、簡体字:中国红十字会、英語: Red Cross Society of China）は、中華人民共和国及び中国における赤十字組織である。2015年5月現在、国家副主席李源潮を名誉会長�...

2022年のセントラル・リーグクライマックスシリーズ

テレビ番組・中継内での各種情報（終了した番組・中継を含みます）は、DVDやBlu-rayなどでの販売や公式なネット配信、または信頼できる紙媒体またはウェブ媒体が紹介するまで、出典として用いないで下さい。 検証可能性に基づき除去される場合があります。 本記事を編集する場合、まずはPJ:BASE#NPBポストシーズン、プロジェクト:野球をご一読ください。（2022年8月）...

 

Shape note

Musical notation for group singing For the tradition of music primarily associated with shape-note notation, see Sacred Harp. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Shape note – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Star in the East f...