List of earthquakes in 1931

Earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931 is located in Earth
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
List of earthquakes in 1931
class=notpageimage|
Approximate epicenters of the earthquakes in 1931
Strongest magnitudeTwo events reached magnitude 7.9.
Deadliest China, Xinjiang Province (Magnitude 7.9) August 10 10,000 deaths
Total fatalities15,920
Number by magnitude
9.0+0
← 1930
1932 →

This is a list of earthquakes in 1931. Only magnitude 6.0 or greater earthquakes appear on the list. Lower magnitude events are included if they have caused deaths, injury or damage. Events which occurred in remote areas will be excluded from the list as they wouldn't have generated significant media interest. All dates are listed according to UTC time. In a stark contrast to 1930, many large and destructive earthquakes occurred during 1931. The largest and deadliest event was the magnitude 7.9 earthquake which caused major devastation to China in August. New Zealand saw its worst natural disaster in February. Iran and Nicaragua had many deaths from earthquakes in the first half of the year. Other interesting events happened in Texas and the United Kingdom with the largest quakes for these areas hitting this year.

Overall

By death toll

Rank Death toll Magnitude Location MMI Depth (km) Date
1 10,000 7.9  China, Xinjiang Province XI (Extreme) 10.0 August 10
2 2,890 6.5 Azerbaijan SSR, Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic VIII (Severe) 15.0 April 27
3 2,450 5.6  Nicaragua, Managua City ( ) 0.0 March 31
4 256 7.4  New Zealand, Hawke's Bay, North Island IX (Violent) 35.0 February 2
5 114 7.6  Mexico, Oaxaca X (Extreme) 35.0 January 15
6 90 5.8 Albanian Kingdom, Korçë County IX (Violent) 33.0 January 28
7 50 7.9 British Solomon Islands ( ) 15.0 October 3
8 16 6.5  Japan, Saitama Prefecture, Honshu ( ) 15.0 September 21
  • Note: At least 10 casualties

By magnitude

Rank Magnitude Death toll Location MMI Depth (km) Date
= 1 7.9 10,000  China, Xinjiang Province XI (Extreme) 10.0 August 10
= 1 7.9 50 British Solomon Islands ( ) 15.0 October 3
2 7.8 0  Japan, off the east coast of Honshu ( ) 35.0 March 9
3 7.7 0 British Solomon Islands ( ) 15.0 October 10
= 4 7.6 114  Mexico, Oaxaca X (Extreme) 35.0 January 15
= 4 7.6 0 British Burma, Kachin State ( ) 15.0 January 27
5 7.5 1  Japan, east of Kyushu ( ) 35.0 November 2
= 6 7.4 256  New Zealand, Hawke's Bay, North Island IX (Violent) 35.0 February 2
= 6 7.4 0 Russian SFSR, Primorsky Krai ( ) 356.7 February 20
= 6 7.4 0  Dutch East Indies, Enggano Island VIII (Severe) 35.0 September 25
= 7 7.3 0  New Zealand, Manawatū-Whanganui ( ) 45.0 February 13
= 7 7.3 0  Dutch East Indies, Banda Sea ( ) 100.0 March 28
= 8 7.2 0  United States, south of Guam ( ) 15.0 January 28
= 8 7.2 0  Chile, Valparaíso Region ( ) 35.0 March 18
= 8 7.2 0 Pakistan, Baluchistan Province ( ) 10.0 August 27
= 9 7.1 0 north Atlantic Ocean ( ) 10.0 May 20
= 9 7.1 0  China, Xinjiang Province ( ) 10.0 August 18
= 9 7.1 0  United States, Northern Mariana Islands ( ) 167.8 September 9
= 10 7.0 0  Dutch East Indies, east of Enggano Island ( ) 35.0 February 10
= 10 7.0 0  New Guinea, Sandaun Province ( ) 35.0 August 7
= 10 7.0 0 British Solomon Islands ( ) 15.0 October 3
= 10 7.0 0 British Solomon Islands ( ) 15.0 October 3
= 10 7.0 0 British Solomon Islands, south of ( ) 15.0 October 3
  • Note: At least 7.0 magnitude

Notable events

January

January
Strongest magnitude7.6 Mw 2 events
Deadliest7.6 Mw  Mexico
114 deaths
Total fatalities204
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.93
6.0–6.913
5.0–5.91
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
1[1] Taiwan, east of 6.4 15.0
2[2]  Mexico, off the coast of Jalisco 6.7 20.0
9[3]  Japan, Akita Prefecture, Honshu 6.0 140.0
12[4] Russian SFSR, off the east coast of Kamchatka 6.5 35.0
15[5][6]  Mexico, Oaxaca 7.6 35.0 X The 1931 Oaxaca earthquake killing 114 people causing severe damage. 114
15[7]  Japan, northwest of the Ryukyu Islands 6.8 200.0
15[8]  New Guinea, Ninigo Islands 6.5 15.0
16[9]  Mexico, Oaxaca 6.3 30.0 Aftershock.
17[10]  Mexico, Gulf of California 6.7 10.0
19[11]  Dutch East Indies, north of Wetar 6.0 35.0
20[12]  Afghanistan, Badakhshan Province 6.5 220.0
20[13]  Dutch East Indies, Strait of Malacca 6.2 190.0
21[14]  Japan, off the southeast coast of Hokkaido 6.2 120.0
24[15]  Philippines, Siargao 6.2 35.0
27[16] British Burma, Kachin State 7.6 15.0 1931 Myitkyina earthquake.
28[17] Albanian Kingdom, Korçë County 5.8 33.0 IX 90 people were killed and some damage was caused. 90
28[18]  United States, south of Guam 7.2 15.0

February

February
Strongest magnitude7.4 Mw 2 events
Deadliest7.4 Mw  New Zealand
256 deaths
Total fatalities256
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.94
6.0–6.98
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
2[19][20][21]  New Zealand, Hawke's Bay, North Island 7.4 35.0 IX The 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake caused 256 deaths. 2 people were missing. Thousands of people were injured. Property damage costs were estimated at $900 million (2010 rates). This is currently the deadliest natural disaster to strike New Zealand as of 2019. Many aftershocks followed. 256 1,000+
8[22]  New Zealand, off the east coast of North Island 6.4 15.0 Aftershock.
10[23]  Dutch East Indies, east of Enggano Island 7.0 35.0
12[24]  Dutch East Indies, east of Enggano Island 6.4 35.0 Aftershock.
13[25] Taiwan, north of 6.0 35.0
13[26]  New Zealand, Manawatū-Whanganui, North Island 7.3 45.0 Doublet earthquake with previous event on February 2.
14[27]  Dutch East Indies, southern Sumatra 6.6 15.0 Aftershock.
16[28]  Japan, southern Hokkaido 6.3 25.0
19[29]  Dutch East Indies, northeast of Enggano Island 6.5 35.0 Aftershock.
20[30] Russian SFSR, Primorsky Krai 7.4 365.0
22[31]  Dutch East Indies, Flores Sea 6.0 100.0
27[32]  Dutch East Indies, Molucca Sea 6.5 35.0

March

March
Strongest magnitude7.8 Mw  Japan
Deadliest5.6 Mw  Nicaragua
2,450 deaths
Total fatalities2,450
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.93
6.0–6.911
5.0–5.91
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
1[33] Russian SFSR, south of Sakhalin 6.5 330.0
2[34]  France, southeast of the Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia 6.7 70.0
5[35]  Dutch East Indies, north of Simeulue 6.0 35.0
7[36] Greece, Central Macedonia 6.0 35.0
7[37]  Nicaragua, Lake Nicaragua 6.0 80.0
8[38][39] Yugoslavia, Southeastern Statistical Region 6.6 10.0 X
9[40]  Japan, off the east coast of Honshu 7.8 35.0
11[41]  Dutch East Indies, Banda Sea 6.0 35.0
11[42]  Japan, Volcano Islands 6.7 35.0
18[43]  Chile, Valparaíso Region 7.2 35.0
18[44]  Philippines, south of Mindanao 6.7 35.0
19[45][46]  Philippines, off the west coast of Luzon 6.7 15.0 IX Some damage was reported.
28[47]  Dutch East Indies, Banda Sea 7.3 100.0
29[48]  Japan, Hokkaido 6.8 80.0
31[49]  Nicaragua, Jinotega Department 5.6 0.0 The 1931 Nicaragua earthquake caused major destruction in the area. 2,450 deaths were reported. Property damage costs were $15 million (1931 rate). 2,450

April

April
Strongest magnitude6.8 Mw Fiji
Deadliest6.5 Mw Azerbaijan SSR
2,890 deaths
Total fatalities2,890
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.90
6.0–6.99
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
2[50]  Dutch East Indies, Banda Sea 6.0 130.0
3[51]  Peru, off the north coast 6.2 35.0
3[52]  Argentina, Tucumán Province 6.2 180.0
3[53] Fiji, south of 6.8 630.0
6[54]  New Guinea, southwest of Bougainville Island 6.5 35.0
8[55]  Dutch East Indies, Papua (province) 6.0 35.0
9[56] Russian SFSR, southern Kuril Islands 6.2 35.0
24[57]  New Guinea, southwest of Bougainville Island 6.7 15.0
27[58][59] Azerbaijan SSR, Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic 6.5 15.0 VIII The 1931 Zangezur earthquake caused major damage. 2,890 deaths were reported. 2,890

May

May
Strongest magnitude7.1 Mw north Atlantic Ocean
Total fatalities0
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.91
6.0–6.96
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
1[60]  Venezuela, Barinas (state) 6.2 35.0
12[61] Russian SFSR, Kamchatka Krai 6.5 50.0
16[62]  Mexico, Oaxaca 6.2 35.0
20[63] north Atlantic Ocean 7.1 10.0
20[64]  Chile, off the coast of Atacama Region 6.2 35.0
24[65]  Philippines, Dinagat Islands 6.2 35.0
28[66]  Chile, off the coast of Tarapacá Region 6.5 120.0

June

June
Strongest magnitude6.5 Mw 4 events
Total fatalities0
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.90
6.0–6.911
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
1[67]  New Guinea, East New Britain Province 6.2 35.0
2[68]  Japan, Gifu Prefecture, Honshu 6.5 260.0
4[69]  Dutch East Indies, Banda Sea 6.5 150.0
7[70][71]  United Kingdom, off the east coast of England 6.1 23.0 VIII The 1931 Dogger Bank earthquake was one of the strongest recorded in the United Kingdom. Some damage was reported.
9[72]  Japan, off the east coast of Honshu 6.0 35.0
15[73]  Peru, Ica Region 6.0 35.0
17[74]  Japan, Tokyo, Honshu 6.0 35.0
17[75]  New Guinea, Morobe Province 6.5 140.0
23[76]  Japan, off the east coast of Honshu 6.4 25.0
29[77]  Japan, off the south coast of Honshu 6.5 380.0
29[78]  Chile, Coquimbo Region 6.0 35.0

July

July
Strongest magnitude6.8 Mw 2 events
Total fatalities0
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.90
6.0–6.99
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
11[79]  Peru, Ucayali Region 6.2 120.0
12[80]  Philippines, northeast of Ticao Island 6.5 15.0
15[81] Russian SFSR, Sea of Okhotsk 6.2 35.0
17[82]  Mexico, Oaxaca 6.2 35.0
18[83]  Chile, Antofagasta Region 6.8 110.0
18[84] Russian SFSR, off the east coast of Kamchatka 6.3 15.0
20[85] Western Samoa Trust Territory 6.5 80.0
21[86]  New Hebrides 6.2 55.0
23[87]  New Guinea, southern Bougainville Island 6.8 400.0

August

August
Strongest magnitude7.9 Mw  China
Deadliest7.9 Mw  China
10,000 deaths
Total fatalities10,000
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.94
6.0–6.95
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
2[88] Russian SFSR, Sea of Okhotsk 6.5 400.0
6[89] Russian SFSR, Buryatia 6.0 35.0
7[90]  New Guinea, Sandaun Province 7.0 35.0
10[91][92]  China, Xinjiang Province 7.9 10.0 XI 10,000 people died in the 1931 Fuyun earthquake. Countless homes were destroyed in the area. 10,000
15[93]  Afghanistan, Badakhshan Province 6.0 240.0
16[94]  United States, southwestern Texas 6.5 10.0 The 1931 Valentine earthquake is the largest in Texas history.
18[95]  China, Xinjiang Province 7.1 10.0 Aftershock.
24[96] Pakistan, Balochistan, Pakistan 6.8 10.0 Foreshock.
27[97][98] Pakistan, Balochistan, Pakistan 7.2 10.0 Major damage was caused.

September

September
Strongest magnitude7.4 Mw  Dutch East Indies
Deadliest6.5 Mw  Japan
16 deaths
Total fatalities16
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.92
6.0–6.910
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
8[99]  Japan, off the east coast of Honshu 6.2 35.0
9[100]  United States, Northern Mariana Islands 7.1 167.5
12[101] Russian SFSR, Kamchatka Peninsula 6.0 35.0
12[102]  Colombia, off the west coast 6.2 35.0
16[103]  Japan, Yamanashi Prefecture, Honshu 6.0 35.0
21[104][105]  Japan, Saitama Prefecture, Honshu 6.5 15.0 16 people were killed and some damage was reported. 16
21[106] South China Sea 6.7 25.0
21[107]  New Zealand, Gisborne Region, North Island 6.8 90.0
25[108][109]  Dutch East Indies, Enggano Island 7.4 35.0 VIII Some damage was caused by the 1931 Southwest Sumatra earthquake.
25[110]  Dutch East Indies, northeast of Enggano Island 6.0 35.0 Aftershock.
26[111]  Guatemala, San Marcos Department 6.0 60.0
29[112]  Dutch East Indies, Molucca Sea 6.0 35.0

October

October
Strongest magnitude7.9 Mw British Solomon Islands
Deadliest7.9 Mw British Solomon Islands
50 deaths
Total fatalities50
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.95
6.0–6.910
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
1[113]  Mexico, Gulf of California 6.0 35.0
3[114][115][116] British Solomon Islands 7.9 15.0 The earthquake caused some damage however a destructive tsunami was triggered. The waves resulted in 50 deaths and many homes being destroyed. Several strong aftershocks followed. 50
3[117] British Solomon Islands, south of 7.0 15.0 Aftershock.
3[118] British Solomon Islands 7.0 15.0 Aftershock.
3[119] British Solomon Islands 7.0 15.0 Aftershock.
5[120]  Afghanistan, Badakhshan Province 6.8 200.0
10[121] British Solomon Islands 7.7 15.0 This was to the north of the October 3 event.
10[122] British Solomon Islands 6.8 35.0 Aftershock.
10[123] British Solomon Islands 6.8 15.0 Aftershock.
10[124] British Solomon Islands 6.8 15.0 Aftershock.
10[125] Russian SFSR, far northern Sea of Okhotsk 6.4 35.0
12[126]  Panama, off the south coast 6.0 35.0
18[127] Fiji, south of 6.8 485.0
28[128]  Philippines, north of Luzon 6.2 25.0
29[129]  United States, Northern Mariana Islands 6.5 520.0

November

November
Strongest magnitude7.5 Mw  Japan
Deadliest7.5 Mw  Japan
1 death
Total fatalities1
Number by magnitude
8.0–8.90
7.0–7.91
6.0–6.96
Date Country and location Mw Depth (km) MMI Notes Casualties
Dead Injured
1[130]  Japan, east of Kyushu 6.5 35.0 Foreshock.
2[131]  Mexico, Oaxaca 6.6 35.0
2[132][133]  Japan, east of Kyushu 7.5 35.0 1 person died and 14 homes were destroyed. 1
2[134]  New Guinea, Gulf Province 6.5 15.0
3[135]  Japan, Iwate Prefecture, Honshu 6.0 35.0
5[136]  China, Xinjiang Province 6.4 10.0
20[137] British Solomon Islands, Makira 6.7 15.0

References

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  2. ^ "M 6.7 – off the coast of Jalisco, Mexico". United States Geological Survey. January 2, 1931. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
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  9. ^ "M 6.3 – Oaxaca, Mexico". United States Geological Survey. January 16, 1931. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
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  44. ^ "M 6.7 – Mindanao, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. March 18, 1931. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  45. ^ "M 6.7 – Luzon, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. March 19, 1931. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  46. ^ "Significant Earthquake: PHILIPPINES: LUZON: LAOAG,BACARRA,VIGAN,BATAC". National Geophysical Data Center. March 19, 1931. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
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  51. ^ "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. April 3, 1931. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
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  58. ^ "M 6.5 – Naxcivan, Azerbaijan". United States Geological Survey. April 27, 1931. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
  59. ^ "Significant Earthquake: ARMENIA: ZANGEZUR, NAKHITCHEVAN". National Geophysical Data Center. April 27, 1931. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
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  91. ^ "M 7.9 – northern Xinjiang, China". United States Geological Survey. August 10, 1931. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
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  94. ^ "M 6.5 – Texas-Chihuahua border region". United States Geological Survey. August 16, 1931. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
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  96. ^ "M 6.8 – Pakistan". United States Geological Survey. August 24, 1931. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
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  108. ^ "M 7.4 – southern Sumatra, Indonesia". United States Geological Survey. September 25, 1931. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
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  123. ^ "On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre. October 10, 1931. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
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  132. ^ "M 7.5 – southeast of Shikoku, Japan". United States Geological Survey. November 2, 1931. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
  133. ^ "Significant Earthquake: JAPAN: KYUSHU". National Geophysical Data Center. November 2, 1931. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
  134. ^ "M 6.5 – near the south coast of New Guinea, Papua New Guinea". United States Geological Survey. November 2, 1931. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
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  137. ^ "M 6.7 – Solomon Islands". United States Geological Survey. November 20, 1931. Retrieved April 4, 2016.