List of assassinations in Asia
This is a list of assassinations which took place on the continent of Asia.
For the purposes of this article, an assassination is defined as the deliberate, premeditated murder of a prominent figure, often for religious or political reasons.
Afghanistan
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
20 February 1919
Habibullah Khan , emir of Afghanistan
8 November 1933
Mohammed Nadir Shah , king of Afghanistan [ 1]
Abdul Khaliq Hazara
17 April 1978
Mir Akbar Khyber , leftist intellectual and leader in the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
His assassination became a catalyst for the Saur Revolution
28 April 1978
Mohammed Daoud Khan , President of Afghanistan
Killed in the Saur Revolution
14 February 1979
Adolph Dubs , United States Ambassador to Afghanistan [ 2]
Abducted and killed by an undetermined group
14 September 1979
Nur Mohammad Taraki , President of Afghanistan
Said to have been smothered to death with a pillow on the orders of Hafizullah Amin
27 December 1979
Hafizullah Amin , Prime Minister of Afghanistan
Killed by Soviet forces in the early stages of the Soviet–Afghan War
4 February 1987
Meena Keshwar Kamal , Afghan founder of the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan
20 March 1995
Abdul Ali Mazari , warlord and leader of the Hazara community
Killed by the Taliban during the fall of Kabul
27 September 1996
Mohammed Najibullah , former president of Afghanistan
Killed along with his brother by the Taliban during the capture of Kabul
9 September 2001
Ahmed Shah Massoud , leader of the Afghan Northern Alliance
Al Qaeda suicide bombers working for the Taliban posing as journalists
Killed by a bomb hidden in a camera 2 days before the 9/11 attacks .
26 October 2001
Abdul Haq , Afghan Northern Alliance commander
Killed by remnants of the Taliban
November 2001
Mohammed Atef , alleged military chief of al-Qaeda
Killed in a U.S. drone strike
November 2001
Juma Namangani , co-founder of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
6 July 2002
Abdul Qadir , Vice President of Afghanistan[ 2]
14 February 2002
Abdul Rahman , Minister for Civil Aviation and Tourism[ 2]
12 May 2007
Dadullah , Taliban senior military commander
3 May 2007
Abdul Sabur Farid Kuhestani , former prime minister of Afghanistan
27 August 2009
Tohir Yo'ldosh , co-founder of Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
Killed in a U.S . drone strike
17 July 2011
Jan Mohammad Khan , former governor of Uruzgan
Killed by the Taliban
20 September 2011
Burhanuddin Rabbani , former president of Afghanistan
Killed in a suicide bombing by the Taliban or the Haqqani network while leading peace negotiations between the Afghan government and the Taliban
12 July 2011
Ahmed Wali Karzai , half-brother of President Hamid Karzai
Sardar Mohammad
Shot twice in the head and chest by his security guard as he was coming out of his bathroom
5 June 2016
Shir Wali Wardak, Member of the National Assembly and member of the parliamentary economic committee.[ 3]
Islamic State and maybe the Taliban .[ 4]
Killed by a hidden bomb, along with 11 other people, including bodyguards.[ 5]
18 October 2018
Abdul Raziq Achakzai , Lieutenant General of the Afghan Border Force
31 July 2022
Ayman al-Zawahiri , leader of Al-Qaeda
Killed by a U.S. drone strike in Kabul. See Killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri
11 August 2022
Rahimullah Haqqani , Islamic cleric
Killed in a suicide bombing in Kabul
2 September 2022
Mujib Rahman Ansari , Islamic cleric
Killed in a suicide bombing in Herat
15 January 2023
Mursal Nabizada , female former MP and Taliban critic
6 June 2023
Nisar Ahmad Ahmadi , Governor of Badakhshan Province
11 December 2024
Khalil Haqqani , Acting Minister of Refugee and Repatriation
Killed in a suicide bombing in Kabul
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
26 September 1907
Khanlar Safaraliyev , labor organizer and Social Democrat
April 1993
Eduard Huseynov, counter admiral
Assassinated near his home in Baku .[ 7]
29 September 1994
Afiyaddin Jalilov, deputy speaker of the National Assembly
Assassinated near his home in Baku[ 7]
29 September 1994
Shamsi Rahimov, intelligence and national security chief
Assassinated near his home in Baku[ 7]
17 March 1995
Rovshan Javadov , the chief of the Special Purpose Police Detachment of Azerbaijan
Killed in the 1995 Azeri coup d'état attempt
28 May 1996
Ali Ansukhski, member of the National Assembly
Mahir Ahmadov
Assassinated near his home in Baku[ 7]
21 February 1997
Ziya Bunyadov , historian
Unknown, presumed to be Hezbollah
Assassinated near his home in Baku[ 7]
13 March 2002
Rovshan Aliyev , criminalist
Haji Mammadov
14 June 2004
Fatulla Huseynov , colonel and vice president of the Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan
Haji Mammadov
Assassinated near his home in Baku[ 7]
25 March 2005
Elmar Huseynov , journalist
Unknown, believed to be figures within the government of Azerbaijan
Shot at his home in Baku.[ 8]
11 February 2009
Rail Rzayev , commander of the Azerbaijani Air Force
Assassinated near his home in Baku.[ 9]
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
6 April 1964
Jigme Palden Dorji , Prime Minister of Bhutan[ 10]
A Royal Bhutan Army corporal
Bahadur Namgyal, head of the Royal Bhutan Army, was later executed for the plot
Cambodia
China
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
238 BC
Lord Chunshen , prime minister of the Kingdom of Chu
Li Yuan
192
Dong Zhuo , warlord and de facto ruler of China
Lü Bu , Li Su , Wang Yun
Killed in Chang'an
221
Zhang Fei , military general of Shu Han
Fan Qiang , Zhang Da
11 April 618
Emperor Yang of Sui , second Emperor of the Sui dynasty .
Yuwenji
13 July 815
Wu Yuanheng , Chancellor to Emperor Xianzong
1207
Han Tuozhou , Chancellor to Emperor Ningzong of the Southern Song Dynasty
Shi Miyuan (disputed)
10 April 1282
Ahmad Fanakati , Finance minister to Kublai Khan of the Yuan Dynasty
Wang Zhu and Gao Heshang
Killed in Khanbaliq
4 September 1323
Sidibala , grand-khan of the Mongol Empire , Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty
22 August 1849
João Maria Ferreira do Amaral , Portuguese Governor of Macau
22 August 1870
Ma Xinyi , Viceroy of Liangjiang
Zhang Wenxiang
28 March 1894
Kim Ok-gyun , Korean reformist and pro-Western activist
Hong Jong-u
Killed aboard ship en route to Shanghai
26 October 1909
Ito Hirobumi , Japanese Resident-General of Korea and former prime minister of Japan
An Jung-geun
Killed in Manchuria
22 March 1913
Song Jiaoren , Prime Minister-elect of the Republic of China
Killed in Shanghai
18 May 1916
Chen Qimei , revolutionary activist
Killed on the orders of Yuan Shikai , probably by Yuan's general Zhang Zongchang
20 August 1925
Liao Zhongkai , member of the Executive Committee Kuomintang party
4 June 1928
Zhang Zuolin , Manchurian warlord
Killed by a bomb planted by officers of the Japanese Guandong Army . See Huanggutun incident
December 1941
Fang Zhenwu , military officer
Assassinated by Kuomintang agents
15 July 1946
Wen Yiduo , poet and scholar
Tang Shiliang, Li Wenshan
22 January 2003
Li Haicang [zh ] , chairman of Jianlong Steel
Feng Yinliang
Georgia
India
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
682 BC
Ripunjaya , last ruler of the Brihadratha dynasty .
Punika (also known as Pulika)
Punika puts his son Pradyota on the throne.
185 BC
Brihadratha Maurya , last ruler of the Mauryan dynasty
Pushyamitra Shunga
Pushyamitra founds the Shunga Empire .
June 1070
Athirajendra , Raja of the Chola Empire
Vaishnava rebellion
Athirajendra was killed by a Vaishnava uprising. He was succeeded by Kulottunga I .
19 July 1296
Jalal-ud-din Khalji , first Sultan of the Tughluq dynasty .
Alauddin Khalji
Alauddin succeeded Jalal-ud-din to become the next Sultan of Delhi .
30 January 1528
Rana Sanga , Rana of Mewar
Mewar nobles
After the Rajput defeat at Khanwa in 1527, Rana Sanga made plans to attack the Mughals , but was poisoned by his nobles before the plan could be executed as they did not wish to fight another war with Babur .
12 August 1602
Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak , vizier of the Mughal emperor Akbar
Vir Singh Deo
Killed in a plot orchestrated by Prince Salim , because Abu'l-Fazl opposed Salim's accession to the throne
1716
Chakdor Namgyal , Chogyal of Sikkim
A doctor hired by Pende Ongmu
Killed in an attempted usurpation by Chakdor's half-sister Pende Ongmu
8 February 1872
Earl of Mayo (Richard Bourke) , Viceroy of India
Sher Ali Afridi
Stabbed while inspecting prisons in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands .
30 January 1948
Mahatma Gandhi , independence leader and key proponent of non-violence
Nathuram Godse
See Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi
6 February 1965
Partap Singh Kairon , Chief Minister of Punjab
Sucha Bassi, Baldev Singh and Nahar Singh 'Fauji'
See Partap Singh Kairon
3 January 1975
Lalit Narayan Mishra , Union Minister for Railways
Santoshanand, Sudevanand and Gopalji, Ranjan Dwivedi
See Lalit Narayan Mishra
31 October 1984
Indira Gandhi , Prime Minister of India
Satwant Singh and Beant Singh
Shot by Sikh bodyguards in retaliation for Operation Blue Star . See Assassination of Indira Gandhi .
10 August 1986
Arun Shridhar Vaidya , Chief of the Army Staff and Chairman Chiefs of Staff Committee of the Indian Armed Forces
Sukhdev Singh Sukha and Harjinder Singh Jinda
8 March 1988
Amar Singh Chamkila , controversial Punjabi singer/songwriter
21 May 1991
Rajiv Gandhi , former prime minister of India
Thenmuli Rajaratnam
Killed in an explosion triggered by a LTTE suicide bomber. First politician to be killed by a suicide bomber. See Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi .
19 March 1994
Thakur Ji Pathak , former National General Secretary of the Janata Dal
Criminal gangs
Shot dead while he was going to court by some antisocial youths.
31 August 1995
Beant Singh , chief minister of Punjab
Dilawar Singh Babbar
25 July 2001
Phoolan Devi , bandit queen turned Member of the Lok Sabha
Sher Singh Rana
21 May 2002
Abdul Ghani Lone , moderate Kashmiri Muslim separatist leader
22 April 2006
Pramod Mahajan , former Minister of Defence , Parliamentary Affairs and Communications and Information Technology
Pravin Mahajan, his brother
29 May 2022
Sidhu Moosewala , Punjabi singer/songwriter turned politician
Shot dead while he was travelling in his Mahindra Thar
9 January 2023
Naba Das , Odisha State Minister of Health and Family Welfare
15 April 2023
Atique Ahmed , former Member of the Lok Sabha
Shot dead along with his brother on live television
Indonesia
Iran
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
465 BC
Xerxes I , Persian king
Artabanus , commander of the royal bodyguard
423 BC
Xerxes II , Persian king
Sogdianus , Xerxes' half-brother
423 BC
Sogdianus , Persian king
Darius II , Sogdianus' half-brother
651
Yazdegerd III , Persian king
Assassin sent by Mahoe Suri
23 August 818
Ali al-Ridha , eighth Imam of Shi'ite Islam
Ali al-Rida died in Tus (present-day Mashhad ) on the last day of Safar 203 (September 818), possibly poisoned[ 11] [ 12] or due to Foodborne illness .
14 October 1092
Nizam al-Mulk , scholar and vizier of the Seljuk Sultanate
Order of Assassins
29 August 1135
Al-Mustarshid , Abbasid caliph of Baghdad
Order of Assassins
Al-Mustarshid was in the caliphal tent, he was found murdered while reading the Quran, as is supposed, by an emissary of the Shia Assassins.
6 June 1138
Al-Rashid Billah , thirtieth Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad
Order of Assassins
Al-Rashid went to Isfahan where he was assassinated by a team of four Assassins . This was celebrated in Alamut for a week.[ 13]
20 June 1747
Nader Shah , Shah of Persia
Army officers led by Salah Bey, captain of the guards
Nadar was attacked in his sleep, but was able to kill two of the assassins before dying.
11 February 1829
Alexander Griboyedov , Russian Ambassador to Persia
Killed by a mob
1 May 1896
Nasser-al-Din Shah , Shah of Persia
Mirza Reza Kermani
Assassinated on the day of his fiftieth kingship ceremony.
3 October 1933
Abdolhossein Teymourtash , Minister of the Imperial Court
Died in Qasr Prison , possibly assassinated by doctor Ahmad Ahmadi
1937
Firouz Mirza Nosrat-ed-Dowleh Farman Farmaian III , former Foreign Minister of Iran
31 March 1947
Qazi Muhammad , dissident Kurdish political leader
Killed in Mahabad
5 November 1949
Abdolhossein Hazhir , Minister of the Imperial Court
7 March 1951
Ali Razmara , Prime Minister of Iran
Khalil Tahmasebi , a member of Fada'iyan-e Islam
Shot in a mosque.
22 January 1965
Hassan Ali Mansur , Prime Minister of Iran[ 14]
Mohammad Bokharaei, a member of Fada'iyan-e Islam
Died in hospital on 27 January
28 June 1981
Mohammad Beheshti , Chief Justice of Iran
Mohammad Reza Kolahi , an operative of the People's Mujahedin of Iran
Killed along with 72 others in the Hafte Tir bombing
30 August 1981
Mohammad Ali Rajai , President of Iran Mohammad Javad Bahonar , Prime Minister of Iran
Massoud Keshmiri , an operative of the People's Mujahedin of Iran
Killed in the 1981 Iranian Prime Minister's office bombing
23 November 1988
Kazem Sami , former Minister of Health and leader of the JAMA Party
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
30 January 1994
Haik Hovsepian Mehr , Bishop of the Jama'at-e Rabbani Protestant Church
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
5 July 1994
Mehdi Dibaj , Christian convert from Shia Islam
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
15 January 1997
Ahmad Tafazzoli , professor of Iranian culture
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
22 February 1997
Ebrahim Zalzadeh , dissident author and editor
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
22 September 1998
Hamid Hajizadeh , poet
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
19 November 1998
Majid Sharif , translator and journalist
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
22 November 1998
Dariush Forouhar , leader of the Party of the Iranian Nation and his wife, Parvaneh Eskandari Forouhar
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
3 December 1998
Mohammad Mokhtari , writer and political activist
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
8 December 1998
Mohammad-Ja'far Pouyandeh , writer and political activist
Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain Murders
11 January 2012
Mostafa Ahmadi-Roshan , nuclear scientist and university professor
Killed by a bomber from a motorcycle
17 October 2018
Farshid Hakki , human rights activist and environmentalist
27 November 2020
Mohsen Fakhrizadeh , academic physicist and brigadier general in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
Killed by a remote-controlled machine gun
22 May 2022
Hassan Sayyad Khodaei, colonel in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps[ 15]
Unknown, claimed to be Israelis by the IRGC
Shot dead by gunmen on a motorcycle in Tehran
26 April 2023
Ayatollah Abbas-Ali Soleimani , member of the Assembly of Experts [ 16]
31 July 2024
Ismail Haniyeh , Chief of Hamas
Israel (alleged)
Haniyeh was killed after attending the inauguration ceremony of Masoud Pezeshkian in Tehran, Iran with varying accounts of either an air strike or a remote controlled detonation device being the cause of his death. His personal bodyguard Wissam Abbu Shaaban was also killed in the blast.[ 17] [ 18]
Iraq
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
681 BC
Sennacherib , Assyrian king
Arda Mulissi
Stabbed to death while at prayer in a temple, or possibly crushed under a winged child angelica .[ 19]
20 February 244
Gordian III , Roman emperor
Possibly killed near Circesium by his troops
January 26, 661
Ali ibn Abi Talib , first Shiite Imam and 4th Caliph of Sunni Islam
Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam
10 October 680
Husayn ibn Ali , 3rd Imam of Shia Islam and grandson of the Prophet Muhammed
‘Umar ibn Sa'ad, the head of Kufan army, sent a messenger to Husayn to inquire about the purpose of his coming to Iraq . Husayn answered again that he had responded to the invitation of the people of Kufa but was ready to leave if they now disliked his presence. When Umar ibn Sa'ad, the head of Kufan army, reported it back to ibn Ziyad, the governor instructed him to offer Ḥusayn and his supporters the opportunity to swear allegiance to Yazid. He also ordered Umar to cut off Husayn and his followers from access to the water of the Euphrates .[8] On the next morning, as ʿOmar b. Saʿd arranged the Kufan army in battle order, Al-Hurr ibn Yazid al Tamimi challenged him and went over to Al-Ḥusayn. He addressed the Kufans in vain, rebuking them for their treachery to the grandson of Muhammad, and was killed in the battle
686
Umar ibn Sa'ad , Umayyad general
Abu Amra Kaysan
Killed by Abu Amra Kaysan, on the orders of Mukhtar al-Thaqafi to avenge the death of Husayn ibn Ali
11 December 861
Al-Mutawakkil , tenth Abbasid Caliph
Turkic guards
Caliph al-Mutawakkil had named his three sons as heirs (Al-Muntasir , al-Mu'tazz , al-Mu'ayyad ). He seemed to favour al-Muntasir. However, afterwards this seemed to change and al-Muntasir feared his father was going to move against him. So, he decided to strike first. Al-Mutawakkil was killed by a Turkic soldier with the help of his son (Al-Muntasir ) on Wednesday the night of 10/11 December, about one hour after midnight, the Turks burst in the chamber where the Caliph was having supper.
21 June 870
Al-Muhtadi , fourteenth Abbasid caliph
Abbasid Turkic regiment
The breakdown in relations between the caliph al-Muhtadi and the Abbasid Turkic regiment contributed to the decision by the Samarran regiments to overthrow and kill al-Muhtadi in 21 June 870
29 October 1936
Jaafar Al-Askari , former Prime Minister of Iraq
Assassinated during the 1936 Iraqi coup d'état
14 July 1958
Faisal II , King of Iraq [ 14]
Killed during the 14 July Revolution
14 July 1958
Ibrahim Hashem , former Prime Minister of Jordan and Vice President of the Arab Federation
Killed during the 14 July Revolution
15 July 1958
Nuri Pasha as-Said , Prime Minister of Iraq [ 10]
Killed during the 14 July Revolution
9 February 1963
Abd al-Karim Qasim , Prime Minister of Iraq[ 10]
Killed during a Baath -backed coup
9 April 1980
Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr , former Grand Ayatollah
Killed by Saddam Hussein along with his sister, Bint al-Huda
1980
Bint al-Huda , educator and political activist
Killed by Saddam Hussein along with her brother, Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr
24 January 1988
Mahdi al-Hakim, prominent opposition figure
Assassinated in the lobby of the Hilton in the Sudanese capital Khartoum . His companion Halim Abd-al-Wahhab was wounded in the leg.[ 20]
19 February 1999
Mohammad Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr , former Grand Ayatollah
Killed in Najaf along with two of his sons
10 April 2003
Abdul-Majid al-Khoei , Shia cleric
19 August 2003
Sérgio Vieira de Mello , UN Special Representative in Iraq
Killed in the Canal Hotel bombing
29 August 2003
Sayed Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim , highly influential Shi'ite ayatollah
Killed in the Imam Ali Mosque bombing
25 September 2003
Aquila al-Hashimi , Iraqi Governing Council member
28 October 2003
Ahmad Shawkat, journalist
7 May 2004
Waldemar Milewicz , Polish journalist
17 May 2004
Ezzedine Salim , acting chairman of the Iraqi Governing Council and member of parliament
Killed by members of Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
1 November 2004
Hatem Kamil , deputy governor of Baghdad Governorate
4 January 2005
Ali al-Haidari , governor of Baghdad Governorate
4 January 2005
Hadi Saleh , Secretary of the Iraqi Federation of Trade Unions
27 April 2005
Lamiya Abed Khadawi , member of parliament
28 June 2005
Dhari Ali al-Fayadh , member of parliament
Killed by members of al-Qaeda in Iraq
July 2005
Ihab al-Sherif , Egyptian ambassador to Iraq
Abducted on 3 July by al-Qaeda in Iraq ; his death was confirmed on 7 July
22 February 2006
Atwar Bahjat , journalist
Yasser al-Takhi
27 April 2006
Maysoon al-Hashemi , head of the Iraqi Islamic Party women's department
7 June 2006
Abu Musab al-Zarqawi , leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq
Killed in a U.S . airstrike
29 January 2007
Dia Abdul Zahra Kadim , leader of an armed extremist Shia cult
Killed by U.S. military
1 April 2007
Mohammed Awad , member of parliament
Killed in the 2007 Iraqi Parliament bombing
25 June 2007
Fasal al Gaood , former governor of Al Anbar Governorate
11 August 2007
Khalil Jalil Hamza , governor of Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate
20 August 2007
Mohammed Ali al-Hasani , governor of Muthanna Governorate
13 September 2007
Abdul Sattar Abu Risha , Sunni tribal leader
Killed by al-Qaeda in Iraq
5 October 2008
Mohamed Moumou , Number 2 leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq and senior leader in Northern Iraq
Killed by U.S. military
2008
Paulos Faraj Rahho , Chaldean Catholic Archeparch of Mosul
Kidnapped on 29 February 2008; his body was discovered on 13 March
12 June 2009
Harith al-Obeidi , member of parliament
22 December 2009
Riad Abdel Majid, Brigadier General in the Iraqi Army [ 21]
18 April 2010
Abu Ayyub al-Masri , leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI)
Killed by U.S. and Iraqi forces
15 January 2013
Ayfan Sadoun al-Essawi, prominent Sunni member of parliament[ 22]
3 January 2020
Qasem Soleimani , major general of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
United States Air Force
Killed in the 2020 Baghdad International Airport airstrike by the United States
Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis , Secretary-General of Kata'ib Hezbollah
6 July 2020
Hisham al-Hashimi , historian and researcher
Ahmed Hamdawi Owayid Kinani
Killed outside his home
19 August 2020
Reham Yacoub , human rights advocate and doctor
Shot dead by gunmen on a motorcycle
15 January 2024
Peshraw Dizayee, CEO of Empire World
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
Killed in the 2024 Erbil attack by Iran
Israel
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
582/1 BCE
Gedaliah , governor of Yehud
Ishmael son of Nethaniah
135/4 BCE
Simon Thassi , High Priest of Israel and Crown Prince of Judea
Ptolemy son of Abubus
In addition two of his sons were killed, his wife was held hostage and later killed
1134
Hugh II of Le Puiset , count of Jaffa
Attacked by a Breton knight, and died of his wounds shortly after.
October 1174
Miles of Plancy , regent of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
28 April 1192
Conrad of Montferrat , King of Jerusalem and leader in the Third Crusade
Killed by Hashshashin
30 June 1924
Jacob Israël de Haan , pro-Orthodox Jewish diplomat
Killed by members of Haganah
16 June 1933
Haim Arlosoroff , Zionist leader in the British Mandate of Palestine
26 August 1939
Ralph Cairns , commander of the Palestine Police CID's Jewish Section in Jerusalem
Assassinated by the Irgun under orders from its commander, Hanoch Kalai
28 May 1948
Thomas C. Wasson , US Consul General in Jerusalem
Shot by a sniper in West Jerusalem
17 September 1948
Folke Bernadotte , Middle East peace mediator and member of the Swedish Royal Family
Assassinated by the Lehi during the First Arab-Israeli War [ 10]
15 March 1957
Rudolf Kastner , Hungarian Zionist leader, negotiated the Kasztner train with the Nazis
Ze'ev Eckstein, a member of the Lehi
12 January 1981
Hamad Abu Rabia , member of the Knesset
Killed by the sons of Jabr Muadi , a Druze politician
10 February 1983
Emil Grunzweig , peace activist
Yonah Avrushmi
Killed by a grenade explosion launched by a right-wing activist during a Peace Now demonstration
4 November 1995
Yitzhak Rabin , Prime Minister of Israel and 1994 Nobel Peace Prize recipient[ 2]
Yigal Amir
Shot by an opponent of the Oslo Accords . See Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin .
31 December 2000
Binyamin Ze'ev Kahane , son of Meir David Kahane , leader of Kahane Chai , Zionist
17 October 2001
Rehavam Zeevi , Minister of Tourism
Hamdi Quran , Basel al-Asmar, Majdi Rahima Rimawi, and Ahad Olma, members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
Japan
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
456
Emperor Ankō , Emperor of Japan
Prince Mayowa no Ōkimi
592
Emperor Sushun , Emperor of Japan
Yamato no Aya no Ataikoma
The assassination was ordered by Soga no Umako
645
Soga no Iruka , son of influential statesman Soga no Emishi
Killed on the orders of Nakatomi no Kamatari and Prince Naka no Ōe
11 February 1160
Minamoto no Yoshitomo , head of Minamoto clan , father of Minamoto no Yoritomo
13 February 1219
Minamoto no Sanetomo , third shōgun of the Kamakura shogunate
Kugyō , Sanetomo's nephew
12 July 1441
Ashikaga Yoshinori , sixth shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate
Killed on the orders of Akamatsu Mitsusuke
25 August 1486
Ōta Dōkan , samurai , architect and builder of Edo Castle
1 August 1507
Hosokawa Masamoto , shugo daimyō of Ashikaga shogunate
Kosai Motonaga and Hosokawa Sumiyuki
1535
Matsudaira Kiyoyasu , daimyō , feudal leader
30 September 1551
Ōuchi Yoshitaka , daimyō , feudal leader
22 November 1557
Oda Nobuyuki , samurai , younger brother of Oda Nobunaga
17 June 1565
Ashikaga Yoshiteru , shōgun , feudal leader
Miyoshi clan
Killed on the orders of Matsunaga Hisahide
24 February 1566
Mimura Iechika , daimyō , feudal leader
Endō Matajirō and Yoshijirō
Killed on the orders of Ukita Naoie
20 August 1578
Yamanaka Shikanosuke , samurai
Killed by soldiers of the Mōri clan
21 June 1582
Oda Nobunaga , samurai warlord
Forces of Akechi Mitsuhide
1669
Shakushain , Ainu chieftain
30 January 1703
Kira Yoshinaka , master of ceremonies
Killed by a group known as the Forty-seven Ronin
March 24, 1860
Ii Naosuke , Tairō of the Tokugawa Shogunate
27 October 1863
Serizawa Kamo , chief of Shinsen-gumi
12 August 1864
Sakuma Shozan , politician
Kawakami Gensai , samurai
10 December 1867
Sakamoto Ryōma , author
7 December 1869
Ōmura Masujirō , military leader and theorist
15 February 1869
Yokoi Shōnan , scholar and politician
14 May 1878
Okubo Toshimichi , Home Minister of Japan, briefly most powerful man in Japan
Shimada Ichirō
12 February 1889
Mori Arinori , Education Minister
26 October 1909
Hirobumi Itō , former Prime Minister of Japan
An Jung-geun , Korean independence activist
28 September 1921
Yasuda Zenjirō , entrepreneur and founder of the Yasuda zaibatsu , great-grand father of Yoko Ono
4 November 1921
Hara Takashi , Prime Minister of Japan
Nakaoka Kon'ichi, a right-wing railroad switchman
26 August 1931
Osachi Hamaguchi , Prime Minister of Japan
Tomeo Sagoya, a member of the Aikoku-sha ultranationalist secret society
9 February 1932
Junnosuke Inoue , businessman
Sho Onuma
Part of the League of Blood Incident
5 March 1932
Dan Takuma , zaibatsu leader
Goro Hishinuma, right-wing nationalist
Part of the League of Blood Incident
15 May 1932
Inukai Tsuyoshi , Prime Minister of Japan
Killed by naval officers in the May 15 Incident
26 May 1932
Yoshinori Shirakawa , general of the Imperial Japanese Army
Yun Bong-gil , Korean independence activist
12 August 1935
Tetsuzan Nagata , general of the Imperial Japanese Army
Saburo Aizawa , army officer
26 February 1936
Saitō Makoto , admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy , former prime minister of Japan
Imperial Way Faction
Killed in the February 26 Incident .
Takahashi Korekiyo , former prime minister of Japan
Jōtarō Watanabe , Inspector General of Military Training
12 October 1960
Inejiro Asanuma , Socialist Party of Japan chairman
Otoya Yamaguchi
While Asanuma spoke from the lectern at Tokyo 's Hibiya Hall during a televised debate, Yamaguchi rushed onstage and ran his wakizashi (a type of traditional Japanese sword) through Asanuma's abdomen, killing him.
18 June 1985
Kazuo Nagano , fraudster
Masakazu Yano and Atsuo Iida
12 July 1991
Hitoshi Igarashi , translated The Satanic Verses into Japanese
23 April 1995
Hideo Murai , leading member of Aum Shinrikyo
Hiroyuki Jo , member of the Yamaguchi-gumi
25 October 2002
Kōki Ishii , Member of the House of Representatives
Ito Hakusui, member of the Yamaguchi-gumi
18 April 2007
Iccho Itoh , Mayor of Nagasaki
Tetsuya Shiroo , member of the Yamaguchi-gumi
8 July 2022
Shinzo Abe , Member of the House of Representatives and former prime minister of Japan
Tetsuya Yamagami
Shot in the chest and neck during a campaign speech in Nara by an improvised firearm.
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Korea
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
8 October 1895
Queen Min , the first official wife of King Gojong , the 26th king of the Joseon dynasty of Korea.
Japanese agents under Miura Goro , with the aid of the "Hullyeondae ", a Japanese trained Regiment of the Royal Guards.
See the Assassination of Empress Myeonseong
19 July 1947
Lyuh Woon-hyung , former head of People's Republic of Korea
Han Chigeun, a refugee from North Korea
26 June 1949
Kim Gu , former president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
Ahn Doo-hee , a South Korean lieutenant
15 August 1974
Yuk Young-soo , First Lady of South Korea
Mun Se-gwang
Shot by a North Korean sympathizer during an assassination attempt on her husband, President Park Chung-hee
26 October 1979
Park Chung-hee , President of South Korea [ 2]
Kim Jae-kyu , Director of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency
See Assassination of Park Chung-hee .
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
1 April 1963
Quinim Pholsena , foreign minister of Laos
Chy Kong, a soldier assigned to guard Pholsena's villa
Lebanon
Malaysia
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
2 November 1875
James Wheeler Woodford Birch , British Resident Minister in the State of Perak
Speared to death by followers of Malay chief Lela Pandak Lam , while in the bath-house of his boat at Pasir Salak
10 December 1949
Duncan Stewart , Second Governor of Sarawak , a British Crown Colony (1946–1963)
Rukun 13 members Rosli Dhobie , Morshidi Sidek, Awang Ramli Mohd Deli, and Bujang Suntong
Stabbed to death during his arrival at Sibu
6 October 1951
Henry Gurney , British High Commissioner in Malaya (1948–1951)
Shot to death by a guerilla unit from the Malayan Communist Party at Fraser's Hill during the Malayan Emergency
7 June 1974
Abdul Rahman Hashim , Inspector-General of Police
Shot dead by acommunist subversive at Mountbatten Road (now Jalan Tun Perak ) and Weld Road (now Jalan Raja Chulan ), Kuala Lumpur .
18 October 2006
Shaariibuugiin Altantuyaa , Mongolian national allegedly connected to future Prime Minister Najib Razak and his inner circle
Murdered by C-4 explosives or was killed first and her remains destroyed with C-4 in a deserted area in Shah Alam , near Kuala Lumpur .[ 23]
11 January 2008
S. Krishnasamy , state assemblyman for the Tenggaroh constituency
29 July 2013
Hussain Najadi , banker and founder of AmBank
Shot twice at close range by an unidentified assailant
13 February 2017
Kim Jong-nam , older brother of North Korean supreme leader Kim Jong-un
Poisoned with VX nerve agent by two women at Kuala Lumpur International Airport
Maldives
Mongolia
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
2 October 1998
Sanjaasürengiin Zorig , politician and democratic activist
Stabbed to death in his apartment
Myanmar (Burma)
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
c. 1168
Alaungsithu , King of Pagan Kingdom
Narathu , his son
1550
Tabinshwehti , King of Taungoo Dynasty
Assassinated by Mon revival
1628
Anaukpetlun , King of Nyaungyan Dynasty
2 August 1866
Crown Prince Ka Naung , son of King Tharrawaddy and younger brother of King Mindon
19 July 1947
Aung San , nationalist leader, Prime Minister of Burma and founder of Thirty Comrades
U Saw (ringleader), former prime minister of British Burma
Shot during a cabinet meeting along with several other ministers
19 July 1947
Thakin Mya , Minister of Finance
〃
〃
19 July 1947
Ba Cho , Minister of Information
〃
〃
19 July 1947
U Razak , Minister of Education
〃
〃
19 July 1947
Mahn Ba Khaing , Minister of Industry
〃
〃
19 July 1947
Sao San Htun , Minister of Hill Regions
〃
〃
19 July 1947
Ohn Maung , Deputy Minister of Transport
〃
〃
19 July 1947
U Ba Win , Minister of Trade
〃
〃
9 October 1983
Lee Beom-seok , Foreign Minister of South Korea
North Korean agents
Killed in the Rangoon bombing
9 October 1983
Suh Sang-chul , Minister of Power Resources of South Korea
North Korean agents
Killed in the Rangoon bombing
Nepal
Pakistan
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
16 October 1951
Liaquat Ali Khan , first Prime Minister of Pakistan [ 2]
Said Akbar Babrak
Shot during a political gathering in Rawalpindi
February 1960
Esther John , Christian nurse
Found murdered in her bed.
8 February 1975
Hayat Sherpao , former Governor of the North-West Frontier Province
Killed by an Afghan Marxist [ 24]
17 August 1988
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq , President of Pakistan and Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army
Killed in a suspicious aircraft accident possibly caused by a bomb blast (Disputed by various theories). See Death and state funeral of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
24 November 1989
Abdullah Yusuf Azzam , Palestinian Islamic theologian, supporter of the Afghan mujahideen and proponent of militant jihadism
Killed by a car bomb in Peshawar by operatives believed to be working for KhAD or Hekmatyar [ 25] [ 26]
3 October 1991
Fazle Haq , former governor of the North-West Frontier Province
September 1993
Ghulam Haider Wyne , former Chief Minister of Punjab Province
16 April 1995
Iqbal Masih , 13-year-old anti-child labor activist
Killed for his campaign against abusive child labour
20 September 1996
Murtaza Bhutto , politician, leader of Al-Zulfiqar and estranged brother of Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto
Killed during an encounter with police in Karachi . Suspected to have been killed in extrajudicial fashion.
17 October 1998
Hakim Said , founder of Hamdard Foundation and Hamdard University and former governor of Sindh
28 July 2001
Siddiq Khan Kanju , former Foreign Minister of Pakistan
27 December 2007
Benazir Bhutto , former prime minister of Pakistan
Unknown, widely believed to be Islamist militants, possibly Al-Qaeda
Killed by a suicide bomber while leaving a political rally for the Pakistan Peoples Party at the same location where Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan was assassinated in Rawalpindi . See Assassination of Benazir Bhutto .
5 August 2009
Baitullah Mehsud , Islamist militant and leader of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan
Killed by a U.S. drone strike
4 January 2011
Salman Taseer , Governor of Punjab
Malik Mumtaz Hussain Qadri
Killed by one of his security guards due to Taseer's opposition to Pakistan's blasphemy laws
2 March 2011
Shahbaz Bhatti , Minorities Minister
Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan
Killed due to his opposition to Pakistan's blasphemy laws
2 May 2011
Osama bin Laden , leader of Al-Qaeda
United States Navy SEALs
Killed in a raid at his clandestine hideout in Abbottabad . See Killing of Osama bin Laden
4 June 2012
Abu Yahya al-Libi , high-ranking Al-Qaeda official
Killed by a U.S. drone strike
16 August 2015
Shuja Khanzada , Home Minister of Punjab
Killed in the 2015 Attock bombing
1 February 2018
Hazar Khan Bijarani , member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh and former member of the National Assembly of Pakistan
2 November 2018
Maulana Sami ul Haq , religious scholar, former Senator and leader of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S)
14 October 2022
Muhammad Noor Meskanzai , Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court
Palestine
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
1986
Zafer al-Masri , Mayor of Nablus
1996
Yahya Ayyash , Hamas ' explosives expert
2001
Abu Ali Mustafa , leader of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
2002
Salah Shahade , leader of Hamas' military wing
2003
Ibrahim al-Makadmeh , co-founder of Hamas
2003
Mekled Hameid, Islamic Jihad Movement commander
2004
Sheikh Ahmed Yassin , leader and founder of Hamas
2004
Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi , leader of Hamas
2004
Izz El-Deen Sheikh Khalil , Hamas operative
2004
Adnan al-Ghoul , Hamas' explosives expert
2009
Nizar Rayan , Senior Hamas leader
2009
Said Seyam , Senior Hamas leader
2009
Abu Zakaria al-Jamal , Senior Hamas military commander
11 May 2022
Shireen Abu Akleh , journalist
Israeli Defense Force
Was shot while covering a raid on the Jenin Refugee Camp in the West Bank by the IDF and was later determined to have been killed by Israeli fire.
Philippines
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Sri Lanka
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
25 September 1959
S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike , Prime Minister of Ceylon
Talduwe Somarama , a Buddhist monk who later converted to Christianity [ 2]
See Assassination of S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike
27 July 1975
Alfred Duraiappah , Mayor of Jaffna
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
15 December 1986
Daya Pathirana , leader of the Independent Students Union of the University of Colombo
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP)
See Assassination of Daya Pathirana
16 February 1989
Vijaya Kumaratunga , movie actor and founder of the Sri Lanka Mahajana Pakshaya
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP)
See Assassination of Vijaya Kumaratunga
13 November 1989
Rohana Wijeweera , founder and leader of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna
Sri Lankan Armed Forces
13 July 1989
A. Amirthalingam , Tamil separatist and leader of the Tamil United Liberation Front
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
2 March 1991
Ranjan Wijeratne , Foreign Minister & Minister of State for Defence
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
23 April 1993
Lalith Athulathmudali , former cabinet minister
Janaka Priyankara JayamanneLiberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) (allegedly)
The investigations carried out by the Sri Lanka Police and the Scotland Yard concluded that the assassination was carried out by the LTTE. However the findings were widely disputed, and a new presidential commission appointed to investigate the assassination by President Chandrika Kumaratunga reported former President Ranasinghe Premadasa and close security personnel as directly responsible for the assassination.[ 27] [ 28] [ 29] The assassination remains highly controversial.[ 30] See Assassination of Lalith Athulathmudali
1 May 1993
Ranasinghe Premadasa , President of Sri Lanka
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
Killed by a suicide bomber on May Day parade. The attack was purportedly carried out by the LTTE. See Assassination of Ranasinghe Premadasa
24 October 1994
Gamini Dissanayake , presidential candidate and United National Party MP
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
17 May 1998
Sarojini Yogeswaran , Mayor of Jaffna
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
11 September 1998
Pon Sivapalan , Mayor of Jaffna
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
29 July 1999
Neelan Tiruchelvam , Tamil United Liberation Front MP
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
18 December 1999
Lakshman Algama , former Chief of Staff of the Army and United National Party politician
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
8 June 2000
C. V. Gunaratne , Minister of Industrial Development
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
25 December 2005
Joseph Pararajasingham , Tamil National Alliance MP
Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal (TMVP)
12 August 2005
Lakshman Kadirgamar , Foreign Minister
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
26 June 2006
Parami Kulatunga , army general
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
10 November 2006
Nadarajah Raviraj , Tamil National Alliance MP
Pro-government paramilitary groups (allegedly)
1 January 2008
T. Maheswaran , United National Party MP
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
Killed by the LTTE in retaliation for having talks with President Mahinda Rajapaksa .
8 January 2008
D. M. Dassanayake , Nation Building Minister and Sri Lanka Freedom Party MP
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
6 March 2008
K. Sivanesan , Tamil National Alliance MP
Deep Penetration Unit of the Sri Lankan Army
6 April 2008
Jeyaraj Fernandopulle , Minister of Highways and Road Development and Sri Lanka Freedom Party MP
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
8 January 2009
Lasantha Wickrematunge , editor of The Sunday Leader
A vocal critic of President Mahinda Rajapaksa [ 31] and his brother Gotabaya Rajapaksa ,[ 32] the then-incumbent defence secretary. Many blamed the government for his assassination. See Assassination of Lasantha Wickrematunge
Syria
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
246 BC
Antiochus II Theos , Seleucid king
223 BC
Seleucus III Ceraunus , Seleucid king
176 BC
Seleucus IV Philopator , Seleucid king
146 BC
Alexander Balas , Seleucid king
138 BC
Antiochus VI Dionysus , Seleucid heir to the throne
285
Numerian , Roman emperor
Arrius Aper , his father-in-law
Killed in Emesa (modern-day Homs )
1146
Imad ad-Din Zengi , ruler of Aleppo and Mosul and founder of the Zengid dynasty
Yarankash
He was assassinated by a Frankish slave named Yarankash in September 1146, after the ruler drunkenly threatened him with punishment for drinking from his goblet.[ 33]
1213
Raymond of Antioch , heir to the throne of Antioch and Tripoli
Order of Assassins
1940
Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar , Syrian Arab nationalist
1 August 2008
Muhammad Suleiman , security adviser to President Bashar al-Assad
12 February 2008
Imad Mughniyah , senior member of Hezbollah
18 July 2012
Dawoud Rajiha , Defense Minister
Either Liwa al Islam or the Free Syrian Army (both claimed responsibility)
Killed either with a remotely detonated bomb or via suicide attack as part of the Syrian civil war . Several other leading government officials may have been injured or killed.
Asef Shawkat , Deputy Defense Minister
Hasan Turkmani , Chief of Staff of the Syrian Armed Forces
Hisham Ikhtiyar , Intelligence and National Security Chief
Thailand
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
c. 1548
Worawongsathirat , King of the Ayutthaya Kingdom
9 June 1946
King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) , eighth monarch of Thailand under the House of Chakri
Mysteriously found dead in his bedroom with a gunshot wound to the head, whilst a M1911 pistol was found by his left hand (despite him being right-handed).
29 August 1961
Princess Lakshamilavan , King Vajiravudh 's 2nd spouse
Sang Homjan Virat Kanjanaphai
8 August 1968
Suraphol Sombatcharoen , singer.
Assassinated at 00:02 am., August 8, 1968 at Nakhon Pathom province , in his concert tour time.
16 February 1977
Princess Vibhavadi Rangsit , Princess
Shot down by Communist insurgents in a helicopter crash whilst helping rural villagers in Surat Thani Province .
10 April 1991
Klaew Thanikhul , boxing promoter.
11 April 1996
Saengchai Sunthornwat , chairman of the public broadcaster MCOT
Ubol Bunyachalothorn
13 May 2010
Khattiya Sawasdipol , security chief of the Red Shirt Movement during the 2010 Thai political protests
Shot in the head by a sniper while giving an interview to a reporter for The New York Times at about 7 p.m.
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Vietnam
Yemen
Date
Victim(s)
Assassin(s)
Notes
1948
Imam Yahya , King of Yemen
Killed in an ambush during the Alwaziri coup
1977
Ibrahim al-Hamadi , president of North Yemen
1978
Ahmad al-Ghashmi , president of North Yemen
Killed by bomb along with envoy from South Yemen .
1986
Abdul Fattah Ismail , former Head of State of South Yemen Ali Ahmad Nasir Antar, Vice President of South Yemen Saleh Muslih Qassem, Defence Minister of South Yemen Ali Shayi' Hadi, senior official of the Yemeni Socialist Party
Bodyguards of President Ali Nasir Muhammad
Killed during an attempted coup that sparked the South Yemen Civil War
2002
Jarallah Omar , deputy secretary-general of Yemeni Socialist Party
2011
Anwar al-Aulaqi , spokesman and recruiter for al-Qaeda , leader of Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
Killed in a US drone strike
2013
Said Ali al-Shihri , deputy leader of Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
Killed in a US drone strike. Numerous earlier reports of his death had been previously proven wrong.[ 34]
2017
Ali Abdullah Saleh , former President of Yemen
Killed shortly after withdrawing support for the Houthi movement
See also
References
^ 20th Century Timeline , p.119
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Historic Assassinations Since 1865," The World Almanac and Book of Facts 2004 , p.156 (World Almanac 2004 )
^ "pncp.net" . ww38.pncp.net . Retrieved 13 December 2024 .
^ "ISIS Claims Responsibility for Assassination of Afghan Lawmaker Sher Wali Wardak" .
^ "Afghan MP killed in Kabul bomb attack" .
^ Demourian, Avet (27 October 1999). "Gunmen Take Over Armenian Parliament; Premier Killed" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 1 November 2013.
^ a b c d e f Beylergizi, Shahnaz. "Onlar hamısı evinin kandarında öldürülüblər..." (in Azerbaijani). Azadliq Radiosu. Retrieved 28 October 2013 .
^ "Elmar Huseynov" . Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved 28 October 2013 .
^ "Azerbaijan air force head killed" . BBC News. 11 February 2009. Retrieved 28 October 2013 .
^ a b c d e "Chief Political Assassinations Since 1865," The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1967 , p.257 (World Almanac 1967 )
^ Holt, P.M.; Lambton, Ann K.S.; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (1970). The Cambridge history of Islam . Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. p. 121.
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^ Daftary, Farhad (1992). The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines . Cambridge University Press. p. 384. ISBN 978-0-521-42974-0 .
^ a b c "Historic Assassinations Since 1865," The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1982 (World Almanac 1982 ), p750
^ "Iran Revolutionary Guard colonel is shot dead in Tehran" . AP NEWS . 22 May 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2022 .
^ "Iran says senior cleric on Assembly of Experts shot dead" . MSN . Retrieved 26 April 2023 .
^ Sewell, Abby (31 July 2024). "Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh is killed in Iran by an alleged Israeli strike, threatening escalation" . Associated Press . Retrieved 31 July 2024 .
^ "Hamas chief Ismail Haniyeh killed in Iran, Hamas says" . Reuters . 31 July 2024.
^ Parpola, Simo , "The Murderer of Sennacherib ", from Alster, Bendt (ed.), "Death on Mesopotamia", XXVIème Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale , Akademisk Forlag, 1980.
^ "Iraqi's Death in Sudan Linked to Iran Faction" . The New York Times . 24 January 1988.
^ "Iraqi general assassinated" . The Himalayan Times . Agence France-Presse . 23 December 2009.
^ "Iraqi MP killed in suicide attack" . Al Jazeera . Reuters. 15 January 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013 .
^ "PI points finger at Malaysia No. 2 leader in new twist to Mongolian's murder" . International Herald Tribune . 3 July 2008. Retrieved 3 July 2008 .
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^ Coll, Steve (2004). Ghost wars : the secret history of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet invasion to September 10, 2001 . New York: Penguin Press. ISBN 1-59420-007-6 . OCLC 52814066 . Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2021 .
^ "Sri Lanka: The Untold Story, Chapter 58: Premadasa indicted" . Asia Times Online. 2002. Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 9 June 2011 .{{cite web }}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link )
^ "Sri Lanka: Information on whether the police are still seeking the assassins of Lalith Athulathmudali" . United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees . 1998. Retrieved 9 June 2011 .
^ Palling, Bruce (27 April 1993). "Obituary: Lalith Athulathmudali" . The Independent . London. Retrieved 9 June 2011 .
^ Eur (2002). Far East and Australasia . Psychology Press. ISBN 9781857431339 . Retrieved 9 June 2011 .
^ "police Sri Lanka arrest intelligence officers journalist lasantha wickrematunge" . the Guardian . 20 February 2017.
^ "The anatomy of the MiG deal" . Sunday Observer . 5 January 2019.
^ Maalouf, Crusades Through Arab Eyes, pg.138
^ "Arabian Al-Qaeda's Number Two Is Dead (Reuters)" . www.trust.org. 24 January 2013. Archived from the original on 16 April 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2013 .