List of United States Army tactical truck engines

In the late 1930s the US Army began setting requirements for custom built tactical trucks, winning designs would be built in quantity. As demand increased during WWII some standardized designs were built by other manufactures.

Most trucks had gasoline (G) engines until the early 1960s, when multifuel (M) and diesel (D) engines were introduced. Since then diesel fuel has increasingly been used, the last gasoline engine vehicles were built in 1985.

Most engines have been water-cooled with inline (I) cylinders, but V types (V) and opposed (O) engines have also been used. Three air-cooled engines were used in two very light trucks. Gasoline engines up to WWII were often valve in block design (L-head), during the war more overhead valve (ohv) engines were used, and after the war all new engines (except 1 F-head and 1 Overhead camshaft (ohc)) have been ohv. All diesel engines have ohv, they can be naturally aspired, supercharged (SC), or turbocharged (TC).

The same engines have been used in different trucks, and larger trucks often have had different engines during their service life. Because of application and evolution, the same engine often has different power ratings. Ratings are in SAE gross horsepower.

The front of an engine is the fan end, the rear is the flywheel end, right and left are as viewed from the rear, regardless of how the engine is mounted in the vehicle. Engines in the tables are water-cooled and naturally aspirated unless noted.

AM General/Kaiser Jeep/Willys

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
AO-42[a] 53 cu in (0.9 L) G AC O4 16 hp (12 kW) @3200rpm 30 lbf⋅ft (41 N⋅m) @2100rpm M274 1⁄2-ton 4x4 "Mule"
AV-108-4 108 cu in (1.8 L) G AC V4 54 hp (40 kW)
@3600rpm		 90 lbf⋅ft (122 N⋅m) @2500rpm M422 1⁄4 4x4 "Mity Mite"
MB 134 cu in (2.2 L) G I4 54 hp (40 kW) @4000rpm 105 lbf⋅ft (142 N⋅m) Willys MB/Ford GPW 1⁄4-ton 4x4 "Jeep"
MD 134 cu in (2.2 L) G I4 72 hp (54 kW) @4000rpm 114 lbf⋅ft (155 N⋅m) @2000rpm M38A11⁄4-ton 4x4
Tornado 230 cu in (3.8 L) G I6 132 hp (98 kW)
@4000		 198 lbf⋅ft (268 N⋅m)
@2000rpm		 M715 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4
  • Kaiser-Jeep Tornado (front cutaway)
    Kaiser-Jeep Tornado
    (front cutaway)
  • Willys AO4-53
    Willys AO4-53
  • American Motors AV-108-4 (left rear)
    American Motors AV-108-4
    (left rear)
  • American Motors AV-108-4 (right front)
    American Motors AV-108-4
    (right front)
  • Willys MB (front cutaway)
    Willys MB
    (front cutaway)
  • Willys MB (left side cutaway)
    Willys MB
    (left side cutaway)
  • Willys MD (left front)
    Willys MD
    (left front)
  • Willys MD (right rear)
    Willys MD
    (right rear)

Caterpillar

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
3116[1] 403 cu in (6.6 L) D TC I6 225 hp (168 kW) 430 lbf⋅ft (583 N⋅m) @1550rpm M35A3 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6, Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles
C7 439 cu in (7.2 L) D TC I6 330 hp (246 kW) @2400rpm 860 lbf⋅ft (1,166 N⋅m) @1400rpm Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles
C15 928 cu in (15.2 L) D TC I6 515 hp (384 kW) @1800rpm 1,650 lbf⋅ft (2,237 N⋅m)
@1200rpm		 M977 (HEMTT), M1074/M1075 (PLS)
C18 1,106 cu in (18.1 L) D TC I6 700 hp (522 kW) @1300rpm 1,900 lbf⋅ft (2,576 N⋅m) @1400 M1070A1 (HET)
  • Caterpillar 3116 (left front)
    Caterpillar 3116 (left front)
  • Caterpillar 3116 (right rear)
    Caterpillar 3116 (right rear)
  • Caterpillar C15
    Caterpillar C15

Chevrolet – GMC

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
6.2L/6.5L[2] 400 cu in (6.6 L) D V8 160 hp (119 kW) @3400rpm 240 lbf⋅ft (325 N⋅m) @2000rpm M1008 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 (CUCV), M998 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 (HMMWV)
270 270 cu in (4.4 L) G I6 91 hp (68 kW) @2750rpm 216 lbf⋅ft (293 N⋅m) @1400rpm GMC CCKW 21⁄2-ton 6x6, DUKW 21⁄2-ton 6x6 amphibian
302 302 cu in (4.9 L) G I6 130 hp (97 kW) @3200rpm 262 lbf⋅ft (355 N⋅m) @1200rpm M135 21⁄2-ton 6x6
BV-1001 235 cu in (3.9 L) G I6 83 hp (62 kW) @3100rpm 184 lbf⋅ft (249 N⋅m) @1000rpm Chev. G506 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4
  • Chevrolet 6.2/6.5L
    Chevrolet 6.2/6.5L
  • GMC 302 (left front)
    GMC 302
    (left front)
  • GMC 302 (right front)
    GMC 302
    (right front)
  • Chevrolet BV-1001 (left side)
    Chevrolet BV-1001
    (left side)
  • Chevrolet BV-1001 (right side)
    Chevrolet BV-1001
    (right side)

Continental

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
AO42[a] 42 cu in (0.7 L) G AC O2 13 hp (10 kW) @3000rpm 26 lbf⋅ft (35 N⋅m) @2300rpm M274 1⁄2-ton 4x4 "Mule"
L-142[b][3] 1,412 cu in (23.1 L) G I4 65 hp (48 kW) @4000rpm 128 lbf⋅ft (174 N⋅m) @1800rpm M1511⁄4-ton 4x4
LDT465[b][4] 478 cu in (7.8 L) M TC I6 130 hp (97 kW) 305 lbf⋅ft (414 N⋅m) M35 21⁄2-ton 6x6, M54 5-ton 6x6, M656 5-ton 8x8
R22 501 cu in (8.2 L) G I6 145 hp (108 kW)
@2400rpm		 372 lbf⋅ft (504 N⋅m)
@1200rpm		 M1 10-ton 6x6 Wrecker
R6602 602 cu in (9.9 L) G I6 224 hp (167 kW)
@2800rpm		 504 lbf⋅ft (683 N⋅m)
@1200rpm		 M54 5-ton 6x6
  • Ordnance design L-142
    Ordnance design L-142
  • Ordnance design LDT-465 (left front)
    Ordnance design LDT-465
    (left front)
  • Ordnance design LDT-465 (right rear)
    Ordnance design LDT-465
    (right rear)
  • Continental R22 (left side)
    Continental R22
    (left side)
  • Continental R22 (right side)
    Continental R22
    (right side)
  • Continental R6602 (left side)
    Continental R6602
    (left side)
  • Continental R6602 (right side)
    Continental R6602
    (right side)

Cummins

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
6CTA8.3[5] 504 cu in (8.3 L) D TC I6 240 hp (179 kW) @2100rpm 745 lbf⋅ft (1,010 N⋅m) @1500rpm M939 5-ton 6x6
NH250[6] 855 cu in (14.0 L) D I6 240 hp (179 kW) @2100rpm 685 lbf⋅ft (929 N⋅m) @1500rpm M809 5-ton 6x6), M939 5-ton 6x6
NTC400[7] 855 cu in (14.0 L) D TC I6 400 hp (298 kW) @2100rpm 1,150 lbf⋅ft (1,559 N⋅m) @1500rpm M915 series 6x4, 6x6, 8x6
V8-300[8] 785 cu in (12.9 L) D V8 300 hp (224 kW)
@3000rpm		 580 lbf⋅ft (786 N⋅m)
@2100rpm		 M123/125 10-ton 6x6
  • Cummins 6CTA8.3 (left side)
    Cummins 6CTA8.3
    (left side)
  • Cummins 6CTA8.3 (right side)
    Cummins 6CTA8.3
    (right side)
  • Cummins NH250 (left front)
    Cummins NH250
    (left front)
  • Cummins NH250 (right rear)
    Cummins NH250
    (right rear)
  • Cummins V8-300 (left front)
    Cummins V8-300
    (left front)
  • Cummins V8-300 (right rear)
    Cummins V8-300
    (right rear)

Detroit Diesel

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
3-53 159 cu in (2.6 L) D SC I3 103 hp (77 kW) @2800rpm 217 lbf⋅ft (294 N⋅m) @1500rpm M561 1+1⁄2-ton 6x6 "Gamma-goat"
Series 60 775 cu in (12.7 L) D TC I6 400 hp (298 kW) @2100rpm 1,400 lbf⋅ft (1,898 N⋅m) @1200rpm M915 series 6x4, 6x6, 8x6
8V92TA[9] 736 cu in (12.1 L) D TC V8 450 hp (336 kW) 1,330 lbf⋅ft (1,803 N⋅m) @1200rpm M911(C-HET) M977(HEMTT), M1070(HET)
12V71 852 cu in (14.0 L) D SC V12 600 hp (447 kW) @2500rpm 1,470 lbf⋅ft (1,993 N⋅m) @16000rpm M746 22+1⁄2-ton 8x8 (HET)
  • Detroit Diesel 8V92TA
    Detroit Diesel 8V92TA
  • Detroit Diesel Series 60 (left front)
    Detroit Diesel Series 60 (left front)
  • Detroit Diesel Series 60 (right rear)
    Detroit Diesel Series 60 (right rear)

Dodge-Fargo

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
T-202 201 cu in (3.3 L) G I6 79 hp (59 kW) @3000rpm VC 1⁄2-ton 4x4
T-214-245 230 cu in (3.8 L) G I6 92 hp (69 kW)
@3200		 180 lbf⋅ft (244 N⋅m)
@1200rpm		 Dodge WC 3⁄4-ton 4x4, M37 3⁄4-ton 4x4
318[10] 318 cu in (5.2 L) G V8 150 hp (112 kW) @4000rpm 230 lbf⋅ft (312 N⋅m) @2400rpm M880 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 (CUCV)
  • Dodge T214 (left side)
    Dodge T214 (left side)
  • Dodge T214 (right side)
    Dodge T214 (right side)
  • Dodge 318
    Dodge 318

Ford

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
GTB 226 cu in (3.7 L) G I6 90 hp (67 kW) @3000rpm 180 lbf⋅ft (244 N⋅m) @1200rpm 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4
  • Ford GTB (left side)
    Ford GTB (left side)
  • Ford GTB (right side)
    Ford GTB (right side)

Hall-Scott

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
440 1,090 cu in (17.9 L) G I6 240 hp (179 kW) @2000rpm 810 lbf⋅ft (1,098 N⋅m) @1200rpm M25 tank transporter
  • Hall-Scott 440 (left side)
    Hall-Scott 440 (left side)
  • Hall-Scott 440 (right side)
    Hall-Scott 440 (right side)

Hercules

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
DFXE 895 cu in (14.7 L) D I6 185 hp (138 kW) @1600rpm 665 lbf⋅ft (902 N⋅m) @1200rpm M19 tank transporter
HXD disp855 cu in (14.0 L) G I6 202 hp (151 kW) @2150rpm 642 lbf⋅ft (870 N⋅m) @900rpm 6-ton 6x6)
JXD 320 cu in (5.2 L) G I6 87 hp (65 kW) @2400rpm 228 lbf⋅ft (309 N⋅m) @1200rpm US6 21⁄2-ton 6x6
L-142[b][3] 1,412 cu in (23.1 L) G I4 65 hp (48 kW) @4000rpm 128 lbf⋅ft (174 N⋅m) @1800rpm M1511⁄4-ton 4x4
LDT465[b][4] 478 cu in (7.8 L) M TC I6 130 hp (97 kW) 305 lbf⋅ft (414 N⋅m) M35 21⁄2-ton 6x6, M54 5-ton 6x6, M656 5-ton 8x8
RXC 529 cu in (8.7 L) G I6 131 hp (98 kW) @2200 369 lbf⋅ft (500 N⋅m) @1000rpm Diamond T 4-ton 6x6, Autocar U8144T 5-/6-ton 4x4
  • Hercules DFXE (left side)
    Hercules DFXE (left side)
  • Hercules DFXE (right side)
    Hercules DFXE (right side)
  • Hercules HXD (left front)
    Hercules HXD (left front)
  • Hercules HXD (right front)
    Hercules HXD (right front)
  • Hercules JXD (left side)
    Hercules JXD (left side)
  • Hercules JXD (right side)
    Hercules JXD (right side)
  • Hercules L-142
    Hercules L-142
  • Ordnance design LDT-465 (left front)
    Ordnance design LDT-465
    (left front)
  • Ordnance design LDT-465 (right rear)
    Ordnance design LDT-465
    (right rear)
  • Hercules RXC (left side)
    Hercules RXC (left side)
  • Hercules RXC (right side)
    Hercules RXC (right side)

International Harvester

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
GRD-214 214 cu in (3.5 L) G I6 85 hp (63 kW) @3400rpm 160 lbf⋅ft (217 N⋅m) @1200 IHC M-1-4 1⁄2-ton 4x4
GRD-233 233 cu in (3.8 L) G I6 93 hp (69 kW) @3400 181 lbf⋅ft (245 N⋅m) @800 IHC M-1-4 1⁄2-ton 4x4, IHC M-5-6 1+1⁄2-ton 6x6
  • International RED-450-D
    International RED-450-D

LeRoi

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
T-H844 844 cu in (13.8 L) G V8 297 hp (221 kW) @2600rpm 725 lbf⋅ft (983 N⋅m) @1700rpm M123/25 10-ton 6x6
  • LeRoi T-H844 (left rear)
    LeRoi T-H844 (left rear)
  • LeRoi T-H844 (right front)
    LeRoi T-H844 (right front)

Mack

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used
EN532 532 cu in (8.7 L) G I6 136 hp (101 kW) @2400rpm Mack NJU 5-ton 6x6
EY 707 cu in (11.6 L) G I6 159 hp (119 kW) @2100rpm 530 lbf⋅ft (719 N⋅m) @800rpm Mack NM-6 6-ton 6x6, Mack NO 7+1⁄2-ton 6x6
ENDT673 672 cu in (11.0 L) D TC I6 211 hp (157 kW) @2100rpm 610 lbf⋅ft (827 N⋅m) M54 5-ton 6x6)
  • Mack ENDT673 (left side)
    Mack ENDT673 (left side)
  • Mack ENDT673 (right side)
    Mack ENDT673 (right side)
  • Mack EY
    Mack EY

REO

Model Displacement Fuel Type Power Torque Used in
OA-331 331 cu in (5.4 L) G I6 146 hp (109 kW) @3400rpm 330 lbf⋅ft (447 N⋅m) M35 21⁄2-ton 6x6
  • REO OA331 (left side)
    REO OA331 (left side)
  • REO OA331 (right side)
    REO OA331 (right side)

Notes

  1. ^ a b Army Ordnance design built by AM General and Continental
  2. ^ a b c d Army Ordnance design built by Continental and Hercules/White.

References

  1. ^ TM 9-2320-272-24-4 Unit, Direct Support, and General Support Maintenance Manual for Truck 5 ton, 6x6, M939, M939A1, M939A2 Series (Diesel) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1992. p. 5-157 to 5-279. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  2. ^ TM 9-2815-237-34 Direct Support and General Support Maintenance Manual...Engine, Diesel: 8 Cylinder...DDA Model 6.2 Liter...DDA 6.5 Liter (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2004. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  3. ^ a b TM 9-2815-218-34-1 Direct Support and General Support Maintenance Truck, 1/4-ton, 4x4, M181A2 Series (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1983. p. 3-1 to 3-181. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  4. ^ a b TM 9-2815-210-34-2-1 Maintenance, Direct Support and General Support Level Engine Assembly, Diesel (Multifuel)...Models: LD-465-1 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1981. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  5. ^ TM 9-2320-272-24-4 Unit, Direct Support, and General Support Maintenance Manual for Truck 5 ton, 6x6, M939, M939A1, M939A2 Series (Diesel) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1992. p. 5-157 to 5-279. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  6. ^ TM 9-2320-260-34-1 Direct Support and General Support Maintenance for 5-ton, 6x6, M809 Series Trucks (Diesel) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1994. p. 3-1 to 3-259. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  7. ^ TM 9-2815-225-34&P Direct Support and General Support Maintenance Manual...Engine, Diesel: 6 Cylinder In-line Turbocharged, Cummins Model NTC-400 (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 2005. p. 0002 00–1. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  8. ^ TM 9-2815-213-34 Direct Support and General Support Maintenance Manual...for Engine, Diesel, With Accessories Cummins Model V8-300 (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1972. p. 1-1. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  9. ^ TM 9-2815-224-34&P Direct Support and General Support Maintenance Manual...Engine, Diesel: 6 Cylinder In-line Turbocharged, Detroit Diesel Corp. Model 8V92TA (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1988. pp. 1–7. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.
  10. ^ TM 9-2815-266-34 Direct and General Support Maintenance Manual Truck, Cargo; 1 1/4 Ton M880 (and others) (PDF). US Dept. of the Army. 1986. p. 1-3, 1-4, Chap. 11. Retrieved 23 Jun 2019.

Works cited