Leytonstone

Not to be confused with Leyton or Leightonstone.

Leytonstone
Leytonstone High Road
Leytonstone is located in Greater London
Leytonstone
Leytonstone
Location within Greater London
Population54,696 (wards, 2011)[1]
OS grid referenceTQ3987
London borough
Ceremonial countyGreater London
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townLONDON
Postcode districtE11
Dialling code020
PoliceMetropolitan
FireLondon
AmbulanceLondon
UK Parliament
London Assembly
List of places
UK
England
London
51°34′08″N 0°00′36″E / 51.569°N 0.010°E / 51.569; 0.010

Leytonstone (/ˈleɪtənstoʊn/ LAY-tən-stohn) is an area in East London, England, within the London Borough of Waltham Forest. It adjoins Wanstead to the north-east, Forest Gate to the south-east, Stratford to the south-west, Leyton to the west, and Walthamstow to the north-west, and is 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Charing Cross.

Historically, it was part of the ancient parish of Leyton in the Becontree hundred of Essex. The first documented evidence of settlement is from the 14th century, describing a hamlet at 'Leyton-atte-stone'; a reference to the Roman milestone located within the area,[2] that formed a northern boundary of the parish.[3] It remained largely rural until the 19th century, becoming part of the London postal district in 1856, the same year its railway station was opened (now on the Central line). When Greater London was created in 1965, the Municipal Borough of Leyton merged with Chingford and Walthamstow to form the London Borough of Waltham Forest.

At the northern end of Leytonstone High Road is The Green Man; a public house and a nearby road junction under which the A12 runs.[4] Leytonstone is noted for being the birthplace of Alfred Hitchcock, with a number of references to the filmmaker around the area, including painted murals, mosaics, a pub and a hotel.[5][6]

History

Origins and Roman milestone

The main thoroughfare, Leytonstone High Road, is part of an ancient highway from Epping to London, on the borders of Epping Forest. A small hamlet at Leytonstone had existed since the early 14th century, when it formed part of the parish of Leyton St Mary. The name Leytonstone, originally "Leyton-atte-Stone", comes from nearby Leyton ("settlement (tun) on the River Lea") and the Roman milestone called the High Stone.

The stone and obelisk

The milestone still stands at the junction of Hollybush Hill (the A1199 road with Woodford) and New Wanstead (the A113 road with Woodford Bridge), near the eastern bounds of the parish. It is a restored 18th-century obelisk set up on an earlier stump, traditionally described as a Roman milestone, possibly marking an extension of the Roman road from Dunmow to Chigwell into London.[7] Two of the obelisk inscriptions are still just legible, others not:

"To Epping XI Miles through Woodford, Loughton"
"To Ongar XV Miles through Woodford Bridge, Chigwell, Abridge"

Other Roman archaeological features have been found in nearby Leyton, including "a Roman cemetery south of Blind Lane, and massive foundations of some Roman building, with quantities of Roman brick... discovered in the grounds of Leyton Grange."[8]

18th and 19th century

In 1722, author Daniel Defoe travelled through "Layton-stone, a place by some known, now as much, by the sign of the Green-Man". Leytonstone, along with Stratford, Leyton and Woodford, was one of the villages Defoe called desirable country retreats for wealthy merchants and financiers within an easy ride of the City.[9]

Leytonstone remained largely rural until the opening of the railway at Leytonstone station in 1856, which gave quick and easy access to Stratford and central London. This, with increased availability of office and industrial work, had transformed the area into a suburban dormitory town by the end of the 19th century.

Hollow Pond in Epping Forest at Whipps Cross Road, Leytonstone

However, the forest land in the north and east of Leytonstone escaped development following a prolonged public campaign, when the Epping Forest Act 1878 preserved more than 200 acres (80 hectares) of open space for public use.[7]

In 1898 the department store Bearmans, opened by Frank Bearman to sell furniture and clothing, was the first store outside central London with an escalator.[10]

20th century

In the mid-1990s, the M11 link road (A12) was built through the area, despite a long-running protest by locals and road protestors. This and other protests led to the policy, Roads for Prosperity, being abandoned.[11] From 2001 to 2013, artists ran the 491 Gallery, a squatted social space in a building next the A12, which hosted events from exhibitions to gigs.[12]

Areas of Leytonstone

Historic Areas

Notable events

Notable buildings and landmarks

  • The Green Man roundabout and public house at the north edge of Leytonstone, with associated statue and mosaic; it remains a signposting-point on the A12.
Site of 517 High Road Leytonstone, birthplace of Alfred Hitchcock
  • Leytonstone is the birth place of Sir Alfred Hitchcock. The entrance to Leytonstone tube station has mosaics of scenes from his films. Next to his birth site at 517 Leytonstone High Road, the building has been painted with a mural of birds, repeated in the pavement outside. A pub at 692 Leytonstone High Road was renamed The Birds, in reference to his film The Birds, which was based on the novella by Daphne du Maurier.
  • Leytonstone tube station, a post-war modernist building from 1947; designed by Thomas Bilbow, an architect for London Transport, as part of the Central line extension.[19]
    Independent Buildings, Church Lane
  • Independent Buildings on Church Lane, an art deco building and clock constructed by a local newspaper in 1934, replacing the Gaiety Cinema. The adjoining Seascape House is of matching architectural style.[20]
  • St John the Baptist's Church, Leytonstone is Grade II listed. Built in 1832 and consecrated in 1833, it is a landmark church at the junction of High Road Leytonstone and Church Lane.[21] The churchyard is host to a vintage market and occasional screenings[22] of Alfred Hitchcock films, as part of the annual Leytonstone Festival.
  • St Andrew's Church, Leytonstone, Grade II listed, was built in 1886–1893 as a memorial to the local philanthropist William Cotton and designed by Sir Arthur Blomfield.
    Leytonstone and Wanstead Synagogue, Fillebrook Road
  • Leytonstone and Wanstead Synagogue, a post-war building in the art deco style on the corner of Fillebrook Road and Drayton Road; built in 1954 by the local Jewish community.[23]
  • Leytonstone Mosque, a 1970s adaptation of an 1880s church hall that was originally part of St John's, provides worship for up to 1000 male Sunni Muslims and a range of religious education for young boys.[24][25]
Leytonstone House
  • Leytonstone House, built 1800 and Grade II-listed, was the home of Sir Edward Buxton, MP and conservationist, who with his brother played a big part in preserving Epping, Hainault and Hatfield forests. It housed Bethnal Green School for the juvenile poor from 1868 to 1936.[26][27]
  • Leytonstone Library – a Grade II* listed art deco building built in 1934 to the design of James Ambrose Dartnall – underwent s £1.5 million refurbishment completed in 2015.[28]
The Red Lion public house, restored in 2011
  • Harrow Green Library, an art deco building opened in 1939 and closed in 2011 due to funding cuts; now run as a volunteer library in the same building, renamed The Junction.[29][30]
  • Leytonstone War Memorial and Gardens revealed in 1925 in remembrance of people of Leyton and Leytonstone who fought in The Great War and World War II; sited in the middle of Harrow Green, which is also the site of the modernist-style Wesleyan Christian Centre, built in 1959.[31][32]
  • The Red Lion, which has had a public house on the site since 1670. The current building is from 1891, having been restored as craft beer pub, ballroom and hotel; currently owned by the pub group Antic London.[33][34]
  • Whipps Cross University Hospital is set for redevelopment to include a brand-new hospital, along with new homes and other communal facilities. It was selected as one of six UK hospitals to receive a share of £2.7 billion of initial government funding in 2019.[35]
  • Whipps Cross Lido was a swimming pool dug in 1905, updated to a chlorinated facility in 1937 and closed in 1982. Some remains of the building and access road can be found near Hollow Pond on Leyton Flats.[36]
    The original Leytonstone Fire Station
  • Leytonstone Fire Station, in Leytonstone High Road, was a Victorian building that was replaced in February 2016 by the current building.[37]
  • Pastures and Good Shepherd Building in Davies Lane is the location of a 17th-century house and later Children's Home; now a Youth Centre and Sports Hall that was threatened with redevelopment but saved by community protest in April 2021.[38][39]
  • West Ham Union Workhouse, whose buildings still remain in south Leytonstone, was originally part of the village of Holloway Down, located between Harrow Green and the Thatched House junction.
  • Epping Forest reaches Leytonstone in heath areas called Hollow Pond and Leyton Flats, and Wanstead Flats.

Governance

Leytonstone belonged originally to the ancient parish of Leyton in the Becontree Hundred of Essex. It became a separate ecclesiastical parish in 1845.[40] The parish of Leyton formed part of the West Ham Poor law union. In 1894 it became part of Leyton Urban District, which was incorporated in 1926 as the Municipal Borough of Leyton.

Leytonstone became part of the London Borough of Waltham Forest in 1965 when Greater London was created.[41] Within the borough, it divides into four council wards, each with three councillors: Forest ward (Whipps Cross area, parts of Upper Leytonstone as far as Grove Green), Leytonstone ward (the rest of Upper Leytonstone, the town centre, Bushwood and Ferndale areas), Cathall ward and Cann Hall ward (South Leytonstone areas).[42][43]

The area forms part of the Leyton and Wanstead parliamentary constituency. As of July 2024, Calvin Bailey has held the seat for the Labour Party. For elections to the London Assembly it is part of the North East constituency and the AM is Sem Moema of the Labour Party, who succeeded Jenette Arnold in 2021 .[42]

Population Estimates 2019[44]
Ward Population % Change 2001-19
Cann Hall 14,427 +27%
Cathall 13,112 +24%
Forest 13,196 +27%
Leytonstone 13,961 +31%
Total 54,696 +27%

Transport

Leytonstone tube station is in Travelcard Zones 3 and 4 on the Central line of the London Underground, and serves as the last stop before the line splits into the Fairlop Loop and the branch to Epping (Zone 6). Since 2016, night tube trains run on Friday and Saturdays on the Central line every 10 minutes between White City and Loughton (in Essex) or Hainault via Leytonstone.[45] A series of tiled mosaics commemorating the local film director Alfred Hitchcock line the entrance passages to the station.[46]

Leytonstone Bus Station stands either side of exits for Leytonstone tube station; key routes include the 257 to Stratford, the W15 to Hackney, and the night bus N8 to Tottenham Court Road.

Leytonstone High Road railway station is a London Overground railway station, located in the south of Leytonstone, serving the Gospel Oak to Barking line. In 2018, the line was electrified to allow for longer trains, with an additional capacity; after engineering and supply delays, these were introduced in June 2019.

Close to the southern end of Leytonstone (3⁄4 mile or 1.2 kilometres south of the Cann Hall Road boundary) is Maryland railway station in Stratford; which is on the Elizabeth line.[47]

From 25 October 2021, Leytonstone will be in London's Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ); which is to be expanding from central London up to the North Circular and South Circular roads.[48]

Education

Leytonstone schools include:

  • Buxton School, an all-through school for ages 3–16 and Specialist Science College
  • Connaught School for Girls, a specialist language school
  • Davies Lane Primary School, first opened in 1901 as a board school. In 1948 it became a junior and infants school, merging into a single primary in 2004.
  • George Tomlinson Primary School
  • Gwyn Jones Primary School
  • Leytonstone School, a specialist business and enterprise school
  • Mayville Nursery and Primary School, from 2-10yo
  • Norlington School, a boys' school and mixed sixth form

Sports and fitness

Leytonstone Leisure Centre on Cathall Road provides a gym and 25-metre main pool, sports hall, fitness studios, and a children's soft-play area.[49]

Wanstead Flats has 60 football pitches, including eight full size pitches. This facility is overseen by City of London Corporation and amateur football teams play every Sunday.[50] 5K Parkruns take place in Wanstead Flats at 9am every Saturday morning, starting and finishing at Harrow Road Pavilion.[51]

The North Star on Browning Road is home to the North Star Velo cycling club.[52]

Leytonstone was home to the former association football team Leytonstone F.C. before it merged with Redbridge Forest F.C. and then Dagenham & Redbridge football club.

In drama, film and television

Notable people

References

  1. ^ "Waltham Forest Ward population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
  2. ^ "London Borough of Waltham Forest: Archaeological Priority Areas Appraisal, October 2020" (PDF). Retrieved 2 August 2021.
  3. ^ "Leyton: Introduction | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  4. ^ "Leytonstone - Green Man Mural". 14 July 2021.
  5. ^ "Hitchcock Mosaics". 14 July 2021.
  6. ^ "The Birds, Leytonstone". 14 July 2021.
  7. ^ a b Powell, W. R. (1973). "A History of the County of Essex". British History Online. pp 174–184, Leyton: Introduction. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
  8. ^ J. Kennedy A History of the Parish of Leyton, Essex Phelp Brothers, Leyton (1894), digital copy at [archive.org].
  9. ^ Defoe, Daniel (1722), A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain, divided into circuits or journies (Volume I, Letter I)
  10. ^ "Bearmans Department Store in Leytonstone Remembered - Guardian p.17 Dec 2012". 17 December 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
  11. ^ Lean, Geoffrey (21 January 1996). "Tories ditch the 'car economy'". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 14 June 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  12. ^ "Hey Galleries -- 491 Gallery". heygalleries.co.uk. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  13. ^ "Leytonstone Festival". Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  14. ^ "Waltham Forest Events - Leytonstone Festival". Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  15. ^ "Alfred Hitchcock mosaics, Leytonstone, London". www.thejoyofshards.co.uk. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  16. ^ "About Us – Leytonstone Arts Trail". Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  17. ^ "Leytonstone Loves Film -- The Barbican". www.barbican.org.uk. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  18. ^ "Leytonstone Loves Film | Home". leytonstonelovesfilm.com. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  19. ^ "Modernism in Metroland". Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  20. ^ "Cimema Treasures". Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  21. ^ "Welcome to St Johns". www.stjohns-leytonstone.org.uk. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  22. ^ "Hitchcock's Home – Leytonstoner".
  23. ^ "London Open House". 28 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  24. ^ "Leytonstone Mosque -- Our History". Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  25. ^ "Ediths Streets -- Phillibrook Stream Leytonstone". Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  26. ^ "History of Leytonstone House". 13 June 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  27. ^ "Leytonstone - Hidden London". Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  28. ^ "East London Guardian – History: The Leytonstone Library that became 'a symbol of freedom and democracy' in war propaganda". East London Guardian.
  29. ^ "History of Harrow Green Library". 21 January 2010. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  30. ^ "Harrow Green Library". Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  31. ^ "Leyton And Leytonstone". Imperial War Museums. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
  32. ^ "Wesleyan Christian Centre – The Twentieth Century Society". c20society.org.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
  33. ^ "Antic London - Red Lion Leytonstone". Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  34. ^ "Leytonstone - Red Lion Back To Its 1930s Heyday". 15 January 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  35. ^ Barts Health NHS (June 2023). "Future Whipps Cross Hospital".
  36. ^ "Losted Lido at Whipps Cross". 7 July 2018.
  37. ^ "New Leytonstone Fire Station opens in £51.5m investment across capital". East London and West Essex Guardian Series. 25 February 2016. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
  38. ^ "Watham Forest Echo - Pastures Sports Hall Saved From Housing". 7 April 2021.
  39. ^ "Children's Homes -- Leytonstone". Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  40. ^ Hibbert, Christopher (2008). London Encyclopaedia. Macmillan London Ltd. pp. 482–483. ISBN 978-1-4050-4924-5.
  41. ^ Powell, W. R., ed. (1973). A History of the County of Essex: Volume 6. London: Victoria County History. pp. 205–214. ISBN 978-0197227190.
  42. ^ a b "Leytonstone Democracy". leytonstonetoday.net. L D Horton. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  43. ^ "Waltham Forest Statistics". 14 July 2021.
  44. ^ "City Population - Leytonstone". 14 July 2021.
  45. ^ "The Night Tube". Transport for London. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  46. ^ "Alfred Hitchcock Tile Murals in Tube Station".
  47. ^ TFL Crossrail (29 December 2022). "TFL Crossrail Maryland Station". Archived from the original on 4 August 2015.
  48. ^ "Mayor Of London Press Release ULEZ (low emission zone) expansion to expand up to North and South Circular".
  49. ^ "Leytonstone Leisure Centre". Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  50. ^ League, Essex Sunday Corinthian Football. "Wanstead Albion". www.escfl.co.uk. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
  51. ^ "Wanstead Flats parkrun". Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  52. ^ "North Star Velo". Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  53. ^ Deep End filming locations at IMDb
  54. ^ "Hat Trick Featured shows". www.hattrick.co.uk.
  55. ^ "Alan Booth". The Times. No. 64580. 1 March 1993. p. 19.
  56. ^ "Blue Plaque – Fanny Craddock".
  57. ^ "Famous people who came from our area". www.leytonpast.info. Leyton & Leytonstone Historical Society. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
  58. ^ ITV News. "Star Wars Artist Honoured With Plaque on East London House". ITV News.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Leytonstone.

Read other articles:

François Simon (pemeran)

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. François SimonLahir(1917-08-16)16 Agustus 1917Jenewa, SwissMeninggal5 Oktober 1982(1982-10-05) (umur 65)Jenewa, SwissPekerjaanPemeranTahun aktif1936-1982 François Simon (16 Agustus 1917 – 5 Oktober 1982) adalah seorang peme...

 

تجمع دول الساحل والصحراء

هذه المقالة عن تجمع دول الساحل والصحراء. لتصفح عناوين مشابهة، انظر ساحل (توضيح). تجمع دول الساحل والصحراء تاريخ التأسيس 1998  الموقع الرسمي الموقع الرسمي  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   تجمع دول الساحل والصحراء أو (س.[1] ص) تأسس في 4 فبراير 1998 بطرابلس، ليبيا، أثر مؤتمر القمة ال�...

 

.sk

.sk البلد سلوفاكيا  الموقع الموقع الرسمي  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   sk. هو نطاق إنترنت من صِنف مستوى النطاقات العُليا في ترميز الدول والمناطق، للمواقع التي تنتمي إلى سلوفاكيا.[1][2] مراجع ^ النطاق الأعلى في ترميز الدولة (بالإنجليزية). ORSN [الإنجليزية]. Archived from the original on 20...

Achala Sachdev

Achala SachdevSachdev dalam film Waqt (1965)Lahir(1920-05-03)3 Mei 1920Peshawar, Provinsi Perbatasan Barat Laut, India Britania (sekarang Pakistan)Meninggal30 April 2012(2012-04-30) (umur 91)Pune, Maharashtra, IndiaNama lainMother of BollywoodPekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif1938–2012Karya terkenal Footpath Chandni Chowk (1954) Pardesi (1957) Miss Mary (1957) Shagun (1964) Sangam (1964) Arzoo (1965) Waqt (1965) Mere Sanam (1965) Humraaz (1967) Mera Naam Joker (1970) Chandni (1989) ...

 

Eckhart Tolle

Eckhart TolleLahirUlrich Leonard Tölle16 Februari 1948 (umur 76)Lünen, JermanPekerjaanPenulis, pidatoBahasaInggris, Jerman, SpanyolKarya terkenalThe Power of Now (1997) A New Earth (2005)Websiteeckharttolle.com Eckhart Tolle (lahir 16 Februari 1948) adalah seorang guru spiritual dan penulis buku. Ia adalah warga Kanada kelahiran Jerman[1][2] yang paling dikenal sebagai penulis The Power of Now dan A New Earth: Awakening to Your Life's Purpose. Pada 2008, The New Yo...

 

Akai VK

Videocassette format Akai VKMedia typeMagnetic TapeEncodingNTSC, PALRead mechanismHelical scanWrite mechanismHelical scanStandard525-line, 625-lineDeveloped byAkaiUsageHome movies VK is a helical scan analog recording videocassette format developed by Akai in the late 1970s, that is capable of recording and playing back black & white (and later color) video in either EIA (a.k.a. RS-170, the 525-line NTSC video standard for North America, Canada, Mexico, & Japan) and CCI...

Politique dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais

Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article doit être actualisé (octobre 2017). Des passages de cet article ne sont plus d’actualité ou annoncent des événements désormais passés. Améliorez-le ou discutez-en. Vous pouvez également préciser les sections à actualiser en utilisant {{section à actualiser}}. Le Nord-Pas-de-Calais est l'une des 22 régions métropolitaines française. Cette région, à l'instar de l'Alsace et de la Corse...

 

The Red Summer (album mini)

The Red Summeralbum mini karya Red VelvetDirilis9 Juli 2017 (2017-07-09)Direkam2017StudioSM Studio, Seoul, Korea SelatanGenrePoppop dansaEDMtropical house[1]Durasi17:11BahasaBahasa KoreaLabelSMKTProduser Kenzie Caesar & Loui Becky Jerams Pontus Persson Kanata Okajima LDN Noise Courtney Woolsey Alice Penrose Johannes Josh Jorgensen Lars Halvor Jensen Hwang-hyun Kronologi Red Velvet Rookie(2017) The Red Summer(2017) Perfect Velvet(2017) Singel dalam album The Red Summer Red...

 

Telephone numbers in Croatia

Telephone numbers in CroatiaLocation of CroatiaLocationCountryCroatiaContinentEuropeRegulatorHAKOMNSN length8 or 9Format0xx xxx xxx09x xxxx xxx (mobile)[a]Access codesCountry code+385International access00Long-distance0 This is an alphabetical list by town of phone dialing codes in Croatia. The country calling code for Croatia is +385. Croatia received a new country code following the breakup of the SFR Yugoslavia (+38) in 1991. Calling scheme The international call prefix depends on...

Irwansyah Kasim

Drs. H.Irwansyah Kasim Daeng Marala Wakil Ketua II DPRD Kabupaten MarosMasa jabatan2014 – 31 Januari 2015PendahuluH. Sudirman, S.E.PenggantiH. Muhammad Yusuf Damang, S.Sos. Informasi pribadiLahir(1955-10-01)1 Oktober 1955Wajo, Sulawesi SelatanMeninggal31 Januari 2015(2015-01-31) (umur 59)Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, IndonesiaPartai politikGolkar (1982-1992)Gerindra (2011-2015)Suami/istriInce Nurlinda SariHubunganIr. Iriantosyah Kasim DM, M.Si (adik)Ilhamsyah Kasim DM (adik...

 

Comedy Central Extra

European pay television channel Television channel Comedy Central ExtraLogo used since 2019CountryUnited KingdomBroadcast areaIrelandUnited KingdomNetworkComedy CentralHeadquartersLondon, EnglandProgrammingLanguage(s)EnglishPicture format576i 16:9 SDTVTimeshift serviceComedy Central Extra +1 (2009–2020)OwnershipOwnerUK & IrelandParamount UK Partnership(Paramount Networks UK & Australia/Sky Group)Sister channelsComedy Central UKHistoryLaunchedUK & Ireland1 September 2003;...

 

Legal financing

Example of litigation financing process Legal financing (also known as litigation financing, professional funding, settlement funding, third-party funding, third-party litigation funding (TPLF), legal funding, lawsuit loans and, in England and Wales, litigation funding) is the mechanism or process through which litigants (and even law firms) can finance their litigation or other legal costs through a third party funding company. Similar to legal defense funds, legal financing companies provid...

约翰斯顿环礁

此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充。 (2021年5月6日)若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议，译文需在编辑摘要注明来源，或于讨论页顶部标记{{Translated page}}标签。 约翰斯顿环礁Kalama Atoll 美國本土外小島嶼 Johnston Atoll 旗幟颂歌：《星條旗》The Star-Spangled Banner約翰斯頓環礁�...

 

俄亥俄州

  「俄亥俄」重定向至此。关于其他用法，请见「俄亥俄 (消歧义)」。 俄亥俄州 美國联邦州State of Ohio 州旗州徽綽號：七葉果之州地图中高亮部分为俄亥俄州坐标：38°27'N－41°58'N, 80°32'W－84°49'W国家 美國加入聯邦1803年3月1日，在1953年8月7日追溯頒定（第17个加入联邦）首府哥倫布（及最大城市）政府 • 州长（英语：List of Governors of {{{Name}}}]]） •&...

 

وزارة روته الثانية

وزارة روته الثانيةالوزارة ال69 لهولندامعلومات عامةالبلد هولندا الاختصاص هولندا المكونات  القائمة ... مارك روتهRonald Plasterk (en) فرانس تيمرمانزبيرت كوندرزليليان بلومينجينين هينيس بلاسخارتHenk Kamp (en) يرون دايسيلبلومMelanie Maas Geesteranus (en) Jet Bussemaker (en) لودافايك أشرإيفو أوبستلتنEdith Schippers (...

Insular biogeography

Study of the ecology of isolated habitats Part of a series onEvolutionary biologyDarwin's finches by John Gould Index Introduction Main Outline Glossary Evidence History Processes and outcomes Population genetics Variation Diversity Mutation Natural selection Adaptation Polymorphism Genetic drift Gene flow Speciation Adaptive radiation Co-operation Coevolution Coextinction Divergence Convergence Parallel evolution Extinction Natural history Origin of life Common descent History of life Timeli...

 

Luzon

Island in the Philippines This article is about the Philippine island. For other uses, see Luzon (disambiguation). LuzonLuzon satellite image captured by Sentinel-2 in 2016GeographyLocationSoutheast AsiaCoordinates16°N 121°E / 16°N 121°E / 16; 121ArchipelagoPhilippinesAdjacent to Babuyan Channel Burias Pass Philippine Sea Polillo Strait Samar Sea San Bernardino Strait Sibuyan Sea South China Sea Ticao Pass Verde Island Passage Major islands Luzon Mindoro Palawan Ma...

 

Leksionari

Lukisan potret ibu dari Rembrandt yang sedang membaca suatu leksionari, tahun 1630 (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam). Leksionari (bahasa Latin: Lectionarium) adalah sebuah daftar atau buku berisi kumpulan bacaan Alkitab yang digunakan dalam ibadat Kekristenan atau Yahudi pada hari atau masa tertentu.[1] Dalam urutannya, pembacaan Alkitab ini dilakukan sebelum khotbah (homili dalam Katolik).[1] Dalam Leksionari dilakukan pembagian perikop-perikop untuk ibadah tertentu. Tradisi Krist...

Lobu Tayas, Aek Bilah, Tapanuli Selatan

Lobu TayasDesaPeta lokasi Desa Lobu TayasNegara IndonesiaProvinsiSumatera UtaraKabupatenTapanuli SelatanKecamatanAek BilahKode Kemendagri12.03.22.2017 Luas... km²Jumlah penduduk... jiwaKepadatan... jiwa/km² Lobu Tayas adalah salah satu desa di kecamatan Aek Bilah, Tapanuli Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Pranala luar (Indonesia) Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 050-145 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemberian dan Pemutakhiran Kode, Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan, dan Pulau tahun 20...

 

هنري الملاح

هنري الملاح (بالبرتغالية: Henrique de Avis, 1.º Duque de Viseu)‏  معلومات شخصية الميلاد 4 مارس 1394(1394-03-04)بورتو الوفاة 13 نوفمبر 1460 (66 سنة)فيلا دو بيسبو  [لغات أخرى]‏  مكان الدفن دير باتالها  مواطنة مملكة البرتغال  اللقب دوق فيسيو الديانة كاثوليكية الأب جواو الأول، ملك البرتغ...