Leśna

For other places with the same name, see Lesna (disambiguation).
Leśna
Town hall
Town hall
Flag of Leśna
Flag
Coat of arms of Leśna
Coat of arms
Leśna is located in Poland
Leśna
Leśna
Coordinates: 51°01′25″N 15°16′00″E / 51.02361°N 15.26667°E / 51.02361; 15.26667
Country Poland
VoivodeshipLower Silesian
CountyLubań
GminaLeśna
Area
 • Total
8.56 km2 (3.31 sq mi)
Population
 (2019-06-30[1])
 • Total
4,439
 • Density520/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
Websitehttp://www.lesna.pl

Leśna [ˈlɛɕna] (German: Marklissa) is a town in Lubań County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, close to the Czech border. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Leśna. As of 2019, the town has a population of 4,439.

Geography

The town is situated north of the Jizera Mountains on the left banks of the Kwisa River, the eastern edge of the historic Upper Lusatia region. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Lubań, and 125 kilometres (78 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław. In the south, a border crossing leads to Jindřichovice pod Smrkem in Bohemia.

Lake Leśnia, a reservoir of the Kwisa River, is located east of the town.

History

Leśna Castle, erected on the border with the Polish Duchy of Silesia about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 miles) southeast of the town, was first mentioned in a 1247 deed. King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia, then ruler of the Upper Lusatian lands, ceded it to the Meissen bishop Conrad I of Wallhausen. The fortress probably lost its strategic importance with the construction of Czocha Castle further east in the early 14th century.

Church of Christ the King

The Lissa settlement is documented in 1329. It may have been a founding of the Silesian Duke Henry I of Jawor, heir of the Upper Lusatian Kwisa District by his mother Beatrice of Brandenburg. Upon Henry's death in 1346, the Kwisa lands reverted to the Bohemian Crown, whereafter the lordship was enfeoffed to local noble dynasties. A first town layout was abandoned in 1434 upon devastations by the Hussite Wars, a flood and a fire, and rebuilt at its present location further south on the route from Frýdlant to Lubań. A centre of cloth manufacturing, it received market rights in 1515.

The name Marklissa first appeared in 1574. Upon the 1635 Peace of Prague it fell with Upper Lusatia to the Electorate of Saxony. The town's economy was boosted by the immigration of Protestants fleeing from the Counter-Reformation in the adjacent Habsburg lands of Bohemia and Silesia. After the Napoleonic Wars and the 1815 Congress of Vienna, southeastern Upper Lusatia was annexed by Prussia and incorporated into the Province of Silesia.

With Prussia Marklissa became part of the German Empire in 1871. After World War II the town, located east of the Oder-Neisse line, was ceded to the Republic of Poland according to the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The German population was expelled and the area resettled with Poles deported from the eastern Kresy borderlands.

Twin towns – sister cities

See twin towns of Gmina Leśna.

References

  1. ^ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
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