Lactonitrile

Lactonitrile
Names
IUPAC name
2-Hydroxypropanenitrile
Other names
Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.058 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C3H5NO/c1-3(5)2-4/h3,5H,1H3
    Key: WOFDVDFSGLBFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/C3H5NO/c1-3(5)2-4/h3,5H,1H3
    Key: WOFDVDFSGLBFAC-UHFFFAOYAF
  • N#CC(C)O
Properties
C3H5NO
Molar mass 71.079 g·mol−1
Appearance Yellow
Melting point −40 °C (−40 °F; 233 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Lactonitrile is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CN. It is an intermediate in the industrial production of ethyl lactate and lactic acid.[1][2][3] It is the cyanohydrin of acetaldehyde. It is a colorless liquid, although degraded samples can appear yellow.

Synthesis and use

Lactonitrile is obtained by the addition of hydrogen cyanide to acetaldehyde.[1]

Lactonitrile is used in making esters of lactic acid.[1]

Regulations

Cyanohydrins are sources of highly toxic hydrogen cyanide. The substance is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b c Westhoff, Gerrit; Starr, John N. (2012). "Lactic Acids". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a15_097.pub3. ISBN 9783527306732.
  2. ^ "Lactonitrile". EChA. echa.europa.eu. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
  3. ^ Lactonitrile at www.chemicalbook.com.
  4. ^ "40 C.F.R.: Appendix A to Part 355—The List of Extremely Hazardous Substances and Their Threshold Planning Quantities" (PDF) (July 1, 2008 ed.). Government Printing Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2012. Retrieved October 29, 2011. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

Read other articles:

Nahir Oyal

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada September 2016. Nahir Oyal Informasi pribadiTanggal lahir 17 Desember 1990 (umur 33)Tempat lahir  Swedia, SödertäljeTinggi 175 m (574 ft 2 in)Posisi bermain MidfielderInformasi klubKlub saat ini Syrianska FC (on loan from Djurgårdens IF)N...

 

 

Billy Crudup

William Gaither “Billy” Crudup (lahir 8 Juli 1968) merupakan seorang aktor berkebangsaan Amerika Serikat. Dia menjadi terkenal saat bermain di film utamanya seperti Big Fish. Dia dilahirkan di Manhasset, New York. Dia berkarier di dunia film sejak tahun 1996. Filmografi Tahun Judul Sebagai Catatan 1996 Sleepers Tommy Marcano Everyone Says I Love You Ken 1997 Inventing the Abbotts John Charles Jacey Holt Grind Eddie Dolan Princess Mononoke Ashitaka (voice: English version) 1998 Monument Av...

 

 

Surat Paulus yang Kedua kepada Timotius

Bagian dari Alkitab KristenPerjanjian BaruLukas 7:36-37 pada Papirus 3 Injil Matius Markus Lukas Yohanes SejarahKisah Para Rasul Surat Surat-surat Paulus Roma 1 Korintus 2 Korintus Galatia Efesus Filipi Kolose 1 Tesalonika 2 Tesalonika 1 Timotius 2 Timotius Titus Filemon Ibrani Surat-surat umum Yakobus 1 Petrus 2 Petrus 1 Yohanes 2 Yohanes 3 Yohanes Yudas ApokalipsWahyu Perjanjian Lama Portal Kristenlbs Surat Paulus yang Kedua kepada Timotius adalah salah satu kitab dalam Alkitab Kri...

50000 كواور

50000 كواور  كواوار في عام 2006 صورة بواسطة مرصد هابل الفضائي الاكتشاف المكتشف تشاد تروخيو ومايكل براون (فلكي) موقع الاكتشاف مرصد بالومار  تاريخ الاكتشاف 4 يونيو 2002 التسميات اللفظ /ˈkwɑːwɑːr/ الأسماء البديلة 2002 LM60 فئةالكوكب الصغير جسم حزام كايبر كلاسيكي[2] [3] خصائص ال...

 

 

Lysgårdsbakken

Lysgårdsbakken Stato Norvegia LocalitàLillehammer Apertura1992 Ristrutturazioni2006 Spettatori50.000 Trampolino lungo HS 138Punto K123 m Primato146 m(Simon Ammann, 2009) Trampolino normale HS 100Punto K90 m Primato107,5 m(Karl Geiger, 2013) Modifica dati su Wikidata · ManualeCoordinate: 61°07′30″N 10°29′14″E / 61.125°N 10.487222°E61.125; 10.487222 Il Lysgårdsbakken è un trampolino situato a Lillehammer, costruito nel 1993 entro uno stadio c...

 

 

Muscle hypertrophy

Enlargement or overgrowth of a muscle organ Athletes use a combination of strength training, diet, and nutritional supplementation to induce muscle hypertrophy. Muscle hypertrophy or muscle building involves a hypertrophy or increase in size of skeletal muscle through a growth in size of its component cells. Two factors contribute to hypertrophy: sarcoplasmic hypertrophy, which focuses more on increased muscle glycogen storage; and myofibrillar hypertrophy, which focuses more on increased myo...

约翰斯顿环礁

此條目可参照英語維基百科相應條目来扩充。 (2021年5月6日)若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议，译文需在编辑摘要注明来源，或于讨论页顶部标记{{Translated page}}标签。 约翰斯顿环礁Kalama Atoll 美國本土外小島嶼 Johnston Atoll 旗幟颂歌：《星條旗》The Star-Spangled Banner約翰斯頓環礁�...

 

 

First Amendment to the United States Constitution

1791 amendment limiting government restriction of civil rights First Amendment redirects here. For the first amendments to other constitutions, see First Amendment (disambiguation). This article is part of a series on theConstitutionof the United States Preamble and Articles Preamble I II III IV V VI VII Amendments to the Constitution I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX XXI XXII XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI XXVII Unratified Amendments: Congressional Apportionment Ti...

 

 

Piala EFL 2018–2019

Piala EFL 2018–20192018–19 EFL CupNegara Inggris WalesTanggal penyelenggaraan13 Agustus 2018 s.d. 24 Februari 2019Jumlah peserta92Juara bertahanManchester CityJuaraManchester City(gelar ke-6)Tempat keduaChelseaJumlah pertandingan93Jumlah gol285 (3.06 per pertandingan)Jumlah penonton1.277.957 (13.741 per pertandingan)Pencetak gol terbanyakGabriel Jesus(5 gol)← 2017–2018 2019–2020 → Piala EFL 2018–2019 adalah edisi ke-59 penyelenggaraan Piala EFL, sebuah kompetisi d...

انحراف مداري

مثال يوضح شكل المدار بتغير قيمة انحرافه المداري e. في الديناميكا الفلكية، تحت المقياس الطبيعي أي مدار لابد أن يكون شكله قطع مخروطي. وانحراف القطع المخروطي، أي الانحراف المداري بالإمكان شرحه على أنه مقدار انحراف شكل المدار عن الدائرة ويعبر عن هذا الانحراف رياضيًا بمعامل ال�...

 

 

Nambassa

Festivals held between 1976 and 1981 on large farms in New Zealand This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Nambassa – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) NambassaChinese dragon dance, mainstage Nambassa Festival 1979GenreRock musicDatesJ...

 

 

مدار إهليلجي

مدار إهليجيمعلومات عامةصنف فرعي من مدار جزء من فضاء خارجي الأسباب elliptic motion (en) تعريف الصيغة ϵ < 1 {\displaystyle \epsilon <1} الشكل قطع ناقص تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات جرم يدور في مدار إهليلجي، ويقع الجرم المركزي (الشمس) في إحدى بؤرتي المدار. كان الاعتقاد لدى علماء الفلك ...

2002–03 Gillingham F.C. season

Gillingham F.C. 2002–03 football seasonGillingham F.C.2002–03 seasonChairmanPaul ScallyManagerAndy HessenthalerFirst Division11thFA CupFourth roundLeague CupThird roundTop goalscorerLeague: Paul Shaw (12)All: Paul Shaw (12)Highest home attendance11,093 (v Leeds United, 25 January 2003)Lowest home attendance6,281 (v Bradford City, 21 April 2003) Home colours Away colours ← 2001–022003–04 → During the 2002–03 English football season, Gillingham F.C. competed in ...

 

 

List of highways numbered 416

The following highways are numbered 416: This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (August 2008) Canada Manitoba Provincial Road 416 Newfoundland and Labrador Route 416 Highway 416 (Ontario) Costa Rica National Route 416 Japan Japan National Route 416 United States Florida: Florida State Road 416 County Road 416 (Pinellas County, Florida) Louisiana Highway 416 Maryland Route 416 (former) New York State Route 416 Ohio State Route 416 Pennsylv...

 

 

Vieux Lyon

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Vieux Lyon – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) UNESCO World Heritage Site in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France Historic Site of LyonUNESCO World Heritage SiteLocationLyon, Arrondissement of Lyon, ...

سيرة ذاتية

  هذه المقالة عن وثيقة بيان السيرة المهنية. لجنس أدبي يصف فيه الكاتب حياته، طالع ترجمة ذاتية.سيرة ذاتيةمعلومات عامةالاستعمال التقديم على وظيفة[1] تلخيص[1] لديه جزء أو أجزاء سلسلةcontact information (en) معلومات سير شخصية[1]قائمة[1] تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي ب�...

 

 

The Sesame Street Monsters!

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Sesame Street Monsters! – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) 1975 studio album by cast of Sesame StreetThe Sesame Street Monsters! A Musical Monster-OsityStudio album by cast of Sesam...

 

 

クロアチア

クロアチア共和国 Republika Hrvatska （国旗） （国章） 国の標語：なし 国歌：Lijepa naša domovino（クロアチア語）私たちの美しい故国 公用語 クロアチア語 首都 ザグレブ 最大の都市 ザグレブ 政府 大統領 ゾラン・ミラノヴィッチ 首相 アンドレイ・プレンコビッチ 面積 総計 56,542km2（124位） 水面積率 0.2% 人口 総計（2020年） 410万5000[1]人（128位） 人口密度 73.4[1]...

Нови-Йичин

ГородНови-ЙичинNový Jičin Флаг Герб 49°35′40″ с. ш. 18°00′37″ в. д.HGЯO Страна  Чехия[2] Край Моравскосилезский Район Нови-Йичин Староста Станислав Копецки (ANO) История и география Основан 1313 Первое упоминание 1313[3][4] Прежние названия Neu-Titschein Площадь 36,521371 ...

 

 

Trasandino de Los Andes

Chilean football club Football clubTrasandinoFull nameClub Deportivo Trasandino de Los AndesNickname(s)T-R-A, El CóndorFoundedApril 1, 1906; 118 years ago (April 1, 1906)GroundEstadio Regional de Los Andes, ChileCapacity3,300Owner Harold Mayne-NichollsChairman Manuel RiveraManager César BravoLeagueSegunda División Profesional2021Tercera División A Champion (Playoffs) Home colours Away colours Trasandino de Los Andes is a Chilean Football club, their home town is Los Andes in ...