Kosmos 782

Kosmos 782
Bion spacecraft on display at the Moscow Space Museum
NamesBion 3
Biocosmos 3
Mission typeBioscience
OperatorInstitute of Biomedical Problems
COSPAR ID1975-110A [1]
SATCAT no.8450
Mission duration19 days, 14 hours and 48 minutes
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeBion
BusZenit 12KS
ManufacturerTsSKB
Launch mass6,000 kg (13,000 lb)
Dry mass3,100 kg (6,800 lb) [2]
Start of mission
Launch date25 November 1975,
14:00:00 UTC
RocketSoyuz-U
Launch sitePlesetsk 43/3
ContractorTsSKB
End of mission
DisposalRecovered
Landing date15 December 1975,
04:48 UTC [3]
Landing site52°17′N 64°11′E / 52.283°N 64.183°E / 52.283; 64.183 (Bion 3 spashdown)
Near Amankaragaj, Kazakhstan, USSR
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric[4]
RegimeLow Earth orbit
Perigee altitude226 km (140 mi)
Apogee altitude405 km (252 mi)
Inclination62.8°
Period90.5 minutes
← Bion 2
Bion 4 →

Kosmos 782 or Bion 3 (Бион 3, Космос 782) was a Bion satellite. It carried 14 experiments prepared by seven countries in all, with participation from scientists in France, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, United States and the Soviet Union.

Launch and return

Launched from Plesetsk Cosmodrome on 25 November 1975, at 14:00:00 UTC. The biosatellite was recovered near Amankaragaj, in Kazakhstan, Soviet Union, on 15 December 1975 after 19.5 days.

Mission

It included a centrifuge with revolving and fixed sections in which identical groups of animals, plants, and cells could be compared. The subject animals included white rats and tortoises. The effects of aging on fruit fly livers and plant tissues with grafted cancerous growths were also studied. More than 20 different species were flown on the mission, including 25 unrestrained male Wistar rats, fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), carrot tissues, and 1,000 embryos of the fish Fundulus heteroclitus (a small shallow-water minnow). A United States radiation dosimeter experiment was also carried out without using biological materials. This experiment was the only joint U.S./U.S.S.R. study flown on the Kosmos series of biosatellites that was developed by Johnson Space Center (JSC); all others were developed and managed by Ames Research Center (ARC).[5][1]

See also

Bibliography

  • Kozlov, D. I. (1996), Mashnostroenie, ed.; Konstruirovanie avtomaticheskikh kosmicheskikh apparatov, Moscow, ISBN
  • Melnik, T. G. (1997), Nauka, ed.; Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Sili, Moscow, ISBN
  • "Bion' nuzhen lyudyam", Novosti Kosmonavtiki (6): 35, 1996

References

  1. ^ a b "Display: Bion 3 1975-110A". NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2021. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ Antonín Vitek (14 November 2008). "1975-110A - Kosmos 782". Space 40 (in Czech). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  3. ^ Bion Zarya Retrieved 2016-06-10
  4. ^ "Trajectory: Bion 3 1975-110A". NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2021. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  5. ^ "4. The Cosmos Biosatellite Program". lis.arc.nasa.gov. NASA ARC. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2014. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.


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