Key relevance

The difference in size between the original key (blue) and its copy (red) is 0.023mm, an accuracy of 0.61%. This is an acceptable level of tolerance.

In master locksmithing, key relevance is the measurable difference between an original key and a copy made of that key, either from a wax impression or directly from the original, and how similar the two keys are in size and shape.^[1] It can also refer to the measurable difference between a key and the size required to fit and operate the keyway of its paired lock.

No two copies of keys are exactly the same, even if they were both made from key blanks that are struck from the same mould or cut from the same duplicating/milling machine with no changes to the bitting settings in between. Even under these favorable circumstances, there will be minute differences between the two key shapes, though their key relevance is extremely high.

In all machining work, there are measurable amounts of difference between the design specification^[2] of an object, and its actual manufactured size. In locksmithing, the allowable tolerance^[3] is decided by the range of minute differences between a key's size and shape in comparison to the size and shape required to turn the tumblers within the lock. Key relevance is the measure of similarity between the key and the optimal size needed to fit the lock, or it is the similarity between a duplicate key and the original it is seeking to replicate.

Key relevance cannot be deduced from a key code, since the key code merely refers to a central authoritative source for designed shapes and sizes of keys.

Typical modern keys require a key relevance of approximately 0.03 to 0.07 millimetres (0.0012 to 0.0028 in) (accuracy within 0.75% to 1.75%) in order to operate.^[4]

Other applications

"Key relevance" may also be applied to types of electronic locks when used to refer to similarities in magnetic signatures or radio codes, though truly digital-coded radio signals do not have key relevance ratings because they must have precise unlocking codes, with no degree of difference whatsoever in order to operate.

The term has also occasionally been co-opted by broader mechanical engineering to refer to the similarity of fit between two interlocking machined parts, although "tolerance" or "backlash" has gained far wider adoption and acceptance in usage.

References

^ Mick, Friend (2004). The Encyclopaedia for Locksmiths. New York: Authors On Line, Limited. ISBN 0-7552-0117-5 https://books.google.com/books?id=086qTO_pk8EC. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ ASTM engineering specification standards
^ Conway, Hugh Graham (1966). Engineering Tolerances: A Study of Tolerances, Limits and Fits for Engineering Purposes, with Full Tables of All Recognized and Published Tolerance Systems (Third ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd.
^ Rudman, Jack (1985). This is Your Locksmith Passbook. National Learning Corp. ISBN 0-8373-1348-1.

External links

v t e Locks, locksmithing, lock picking, and security alarms
Fundamental concepts	Access control Authentication Key control Key duplication Key relevance Master keying Password Physical security Rekeying
Components and hardware	Bitting Interchangeable core Key blank Key code Key retainer Lockrod Lockset Bored cylindrical lock Mortise lock Rim lock Single-point locking Three-point locking
Keys	Berlin key Car key Keychain Skeleton key Smart key
Mechanical locks	Warded lock Pin tumbler lock Disc tumbler lock Lever tumbler lock Magnetic keyed lock Padlock Combination lock Rotary combination lock Time-delay combination locks Time lock Tubular pin tumbler lock Wafer tumbler lock
Electronic locks	Electromagnetic lock Electronic lock Electric strike Keycard lock
Other lock types	Bicycle lock Bramah lock Chubb detector lock Child safety lock Crash bar Dead bolt Door chain Kensington Security Slot Knox Box Latch Luggage lock Night latch Power door locks Protector lock Real-estate lock box Steering-wheel lock The Club
Lock picking	Lock bumping Locksport Slim Jim Snap gun
Security alarms	Alarm device Alarm monitoring center Car alarm Card reader Closed-circuit television Door security Dual loop Fingerprint scanner Glass break detector Heat detector Key switch Keypad Miniature snap-action switch Motion detector Occupancy sensor Passive infrared sensor (PIR) Perimeter intrusion detection Photoelectric sensor Piezo switch Pressure switch Proximity card Reed switch Tripwire Ultrasonic transducer Vandal-resistant switch Water detector Window security
Miscellaneous	Glossary of locksmithing terms Electromagnetic door holder Exit control lock John M. Mossman Lock Museum Key to the City Lock Museum Lock Museum of America Musée de la Serrure Puzzle lock
Category:Locksmithing Keys Locks Book

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