Kafra (Arabic: كفرا),[2] is a municipality in Nabatiye Governorate, in the Bint Jbeil District of southern Lebanon, about 101 kilometres (63 mi) from Beirut. The village is located in the south-western outskirts of the town of Tebnine, in the heart of the Lebanese Shia Muslim community of Jabal Amel. The village sits on an elevation of 720 metres (2,360 ft) above sea level.
In the 1596 Ottoman tax records, the village, named Kfür Tıbnin was located in the Ottomannahiya (subdistrict) of Tibnin under the liwa' (district) of Safad, with a population of 51 households and 12 bachelors, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax-rate of 25% on agricultural products, such as wheat (4,290 akçe), barley (490 akçe), vineyards and fruit trees (1,560 akçe), goats and beehives (530 akçe), in addition to "occasional revenues" (300 akçe); a total of 7,170 akçe.[3][4]
In 1856 it was named Kefra on Kiepert's map of Palestine/Lebanon published that year,[5] while in 1875, Victor Guérin visited and noted: “'Here are broken columns, tombs, presses, cisterns, and a great reservoir cut in the rock. Another tank is partly cut in the rock, and partly constructed with regular stones."[6] Guérin further described how he reached the village, after climbing through "many terraces, where centuries-old olive trees grow", and that the village had succeeded an ancient site.[7]
In 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described the village (which it called Kefrah): "A village, built of stone, containing about 200 Metawileh, situated on hill-top, with olives and arable ground around.
There is a large spring and masonry birket (pool) at the village."[8]
The current Bint Jbeil province was created in 1922 by French colonials.[9]
On 20 February 1992 the Israeli Army occupied Kafra and neighbouring Yater in a 24 hour incursion, backed by tanks, helicopters and heavy artillery. Around 100 buildings were destroyed including a mosque and a school.[10] 2 Israeli soldiers were killed in the raid and a young girl was killed in northern Israel by a subsequent rocket attack.[11]
During the 2006 Lebanon War, 3 civilians were killed and 14 wounded by Israeli air strikes as they were trying to flee the war. The killed were between their mid-forties and 70 years of age. No military activity was observed in the area before the attack.[13]
Demographics
In 2014 Muslims made up 99.64% of registered voters in Kafra. 98.85% of the voters were Shiite Muslims.[14]
^Note that Rhode, 1979, p. 6Archived 2016-10-10 at the Wayback Machine writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
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