Kadiluk

State organisation of
the Ottoman Empire
Coat of arms of the Ottoman Empire (1882–1922)
Classic period
Constitutional period
This article is about kadiluks as judicial districts. For treatment of kadiluks as administrative districts, see Kaza.

A kadiluk (Ottoman Turkish: قاضیـلق, kadıluk) was the jurisdiction of a kadi,[1] an Islamic judge under the Ottoman Empire. They typically consisted of a major city and its surrounding villages, although some kadis occupied other positions within the imperial administration.[2]

Main article: Kadi (Ottoman Empire)

Kadis oversaw administration of imperial justice, which was particularly important for maintaining order and local control over the sipahis granted fiefs (timar) during the early Ottoman expansion.[citation needed]

Kazas

Main article: Kaza

Within the imperial administration, kadiluks also initially functioned as the kazas, the main subdivisions of the sanjaks,[3] with the kadi overseeing his district's taxation and military conscription.[4][5] These functions were eventually handed over to a separate official called the kaymakam, and the empire's kazas were fully distinguished from its kadiluks in 1864 as part of the Tanzimat reforms.[3]

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ Katz (2012), p. 264.
  2. ^ Hickok, Michael Robert (1997). Ottoman military administration in eighteenth-century Bosnia. Brill. p. 54. ISBN 978-90-04-10689-5.
  3. ^ a b Malcolm, Noel (1994). Bosnia: A Short History. Macmillan. p. 50. ISBN 978-0-330-41244-5.
  4. ^ Malcolm, Noel (1998). Kosovo: A Short History. Macmillan. pp. 98–99. ISBN 978-0-330-41224-7.
  5. ^ Ginio, Eyal. "Neither Muslims nor Zimmis: The Gypsies (Roma) in the Ottoman State" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 November 2009. Retrieved 21 August 2010. "These records mirror the diversity of the kadi's responsibilities in the Ottoman city"

Bibliography

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