Joseph de Ferraris

Joseph Jean François, count de Ferraris (April 20, 1726, in Lunéville – April 1, 1814, in Vienna) was an Austrian general and cartographer. He was married to the daughter of Charles, 2nd Duke d'Ursel.

Biography

Between 1771 and 1778, Ferraris was commissioned by the empress Maria Theresa of Austria and emperor Joseph II to create a detailed Carte-de-Cabinet of the Austrian Netherlands.^[1] The maps were made on a scale 1:11,520,^[2] and formed a collection of 275 hand-colored and hand-drawn maps 0,90 × 1,40 m each. These were accompanied by twelve volumes of handwritten commentaries relating to topics of economic and military interest (rivers, bridges, forests, possibilities for military camps, etc.).^{[citation needed]}

Ferraris Map

Three originals of the maps remain. One is in the Kriegsarchiv in Vienna, one is in the Rijksarchief in The Hague and the third one remains in the Royal Library of Belgium in Brussels. The maps held in Brussels were the maps destined for Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, the Governor of the Austrian Netherlands, and were transferred to Belgium by Austria in 1922 as part of the World War I reparations. The handover of the maps was a provision of Annex II to Part VIII, Section II of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye.^[3]

In 1777 and 1778,^{[citation needed]} Ferraris issued a reduced version of the cabinet maps with a scale of 1:86,400 in 25 maps, issued for commercial sale ("carte marchande").^[4]

The Ferraris maps were used to great extent during the military operations of the French Revolutionary Wars and during the Napoleonic Wars. When the French invaded in 1792–1793 they took 400 copies of the map from a Brussels printer and seller. In 1794 they took the engraving plates to France so they could produce more maps for their own use and to prevent any enemy from acquiring copies. Louis Capitaine, a French engineer, copied it and produced 2 versions one with 69 sheets and a smaller scale version on six sheets, which was sold commercially. During the Waterloo Campaign the Duke of Wellington had a copy of the six-sheet version as it is probable that Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher also had a copy of the six-sheet version. Napoleon carried a copy of the full-scale Capitaine map while Gourgaud, an aide-de-camp to Napoleon, carried a copy of the Ferraris map. Both versions were very similar and about 40 years out of date (for instance, coal mines with their supporting infrastructure which had developed around Charleroi in the interval between the map's drafting and 1815 were missing).^[5]

Trivia

The Brussels-based Flemish government building, housing parts of the Flemish ministry of Environment, Nature and Energy and the Flemish Ministry of Mobility and Public Works is named Graaf de Ferrarisgebouw after him.^[6]

Notes

^ De Coene et al. 2012, p. 1.
^ De Coene et al. 2012, p. 4.
^ Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
^ De Coene et al. 2012, pp. 2, 4.
^ Clayton 2014, p. 58.
^ Vlaamse Overheid. "Graaf de Ferrarisgebouw" (in Dutch). Retrieved August 10, 2016.

References

De Coene, K.; Ongena, T.; Stragier, F.; Vervust, S.; Bracke, W.; De Maeyer, P. (2012), "Ferraris, the legend", The Cartographic Journal, 49 (11): 30–42, doi:10.1179/1743277411Y.0000000013, hdl:1854/LU-2116980, S2CID 129029280. — The history of the map and a map legend (which was not provided, with an explanation of why it was not).
Clayton, Tim (2014), Waterloo: Four Days that Changed Europe's Destiny, Little, Brown Book Group, p. 58, ISBN 978-0-7481-3412-0

Read other articles:

Alexander Samsonov

Aleksandr Vasilyevich SamsonovJenderal Aleksandr Samsonov, 1913.Lahir(1859-11-14)14 November 1859Andreevka, Kegubernuran Kherson, Kekaisaran Rusia (kini Kherson, Ukraina)Meninggal30 Agustus 1914(1914-08-30) (umur 54)Willenberg, Prusia Timur(kini Wielbark, Polandia)Pengabdian Kekaisaran RusiaDinas/cabang Angkatan Darat Kekaisaran RusiaLama dinas1877–1914PangkatJenderal KavaleriKomandanDistrik Militer Warsawa (1906–?)Angkatan Darat Kedua (1914)Perang/pertempuranPemberontakan ...

Dampak ekonomi pada pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia

Artikel utama: Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia Dampak ekonomi pada pandemi COVID-19 di IndonesiaPeta yang menampilkan tingkat pertumbuhan PDB nyata pada 2020 seperti yang diproyeksikan Dana Moneter Internasional.TanggalMaret 2020 – sekarangJenisResesi globalPenyebabpembatasan sosial dan ketidakstabilan pasar akibat pandemi COVID-19Hasil Kontraksi pertumbuhan ekonomi Pandemi COVID-19 berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kegiatan perekonomian di Indonesia. Dampak terhadap perorangan Upah minimum pro...

Tomas Oppus, Leyte Selatan

Peta menunjukan lokasi Tomas Oppus Tomas Oppus adalah munisipalitas yang terletak di provinsi Leyte Selatan, Filipina. Pada tahun 2010, munisipalitas ini memiliki populasi sebesar 15.847 jiwa atau 3.207 rumah tangga. Pembagian wilayah Secara administratif Tomas Oppus terbagi menjadi 30 barangay, yaitu: Anahawan Banday (Pob.) Bogo (Pob.) Cabascan Camansi Cambite Canlupao Carnaga Cawayan Hinagtikan Hinapo Hugpa Iniguihan Looc Maanyag Maslog Ponong Rizal San Isidro San Miguel Tinago Biasong Higo...

تدخل تركيا في الحرب الأهلية السورية

تدخل تركيا في الحرب الأهلية السوريةجزء من التدخل الأجنبي في الحرب الأهلية السورية في الحرب الأهلية السوريةتركيا (برتقالي) وسوريا (أخضر)التاريخ5 ديسمبر 2011 (2011-12-05) – إلى الآن(12 سنوات، و4 شهور، و2 أيام)الموقعسورياالوضعمستمر[12] تشهد تركيا اشتباكات بينها وبي...

Shane's Rib Shack

American fast casual BBQ franchise Shane's Rib ShackCompany typePrivate (franchise)Founded2002; 22 years ago (2002)HeadquartersAtlanta, Georgia, U.S.Websitewww.shanesribshack.com Shane's Rib Shack is an American fast casual BBQ franchise, serving slow-cooked baby back ribs, hand-chopped chicken and pork, and Southern style side dishes.[1] As of January, 2024, they are located in eight states, with most of their restaurants located in the state of Georgia. Founders In...

Housekeeping

Management of duties and chores involved in the running of a household For other uses, see Housekeeping (disambiguation). See also: Homemaking This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriat...

Robe

Loose-fitting outer garment, worn in many historical periods and contexts For other uses, see Robe (disambiguation). A dragon-themed robe originating from the Qing dynasty Academic robes An Indian Angarkha A robe is a loose-fitting outer garment.[1][2] Unlike garments described as capes or cloaks, robes usually have sleeves. The English word robe derives from Middle English robe (garment), borrowed from Old French robe (booty, spoils), itself taken from the Frankish word *roub...

Бисексуальность

Флаг гордости бисексуалов Бисексуальность Сексуальные ориентации Бисексуальность Пансексуальность Полисексуальность Моносексуальность Сексуальные идентичности Би-любопытство Гетерогибкость и гомогибкость Сексуальная текучесть Исследования Шк...

Chiesa di San Jacopo Soprarno

Chiesa di San Jacopo SoprarnoVista della chiesa dall'Arno[1]Stato Italia RegioneToscana LocalitàFirenze Coordinate43°46′05.16″N 11°15′03.21″E / 43.7681°N 11.250892°E43.7681; 11.250892Coordinate: 43°46′05.16″N 11°15′03.21″E / 43.7681°N 11.250892°E43.7681; 11.250892 ReligioneCristiana ortodossa di rito greco-bizantino TitolareGiacomo il Maggiore DiocesiArcidiocesi ortodossa d'Italia Stile architettonicobarocco Inizio costruzi...

Mauro Del Bue

Mauro Del Bue Sottosegretario di Stato al Ministero delle infrastrutture e dei trasportiDurata mandato23 aprile 2005 –17 maggio 2006 Capo del governoSilvio Berlusconi PredecessoreGiovanni Ricevuto SuccessoreTommaso CasilloRaffaele Gentile Deputato della Repubblica ItalianaDurata mandato2 luglio 1987 –14 aprile 1994 Durata mandato28 aprile 2006 –28 aprile 2008 LegislaturaX, XI, XV GruppoparlamentareX-XI: Partito Socialista ItalianoXV: DCA...

Wilson Bigaud

Cockfight by Wilson Bigaud Wilson Bigaud (29 January 1931 – 22 March 2010)[1] was a Haitian painter. Born in Port-au-Prince, Bigaud first worked with clay before becoming a painter. At the International Exhibit in Washington, D.C., in 1950 Bigaud won second place for a painting entitled Paradise. He also painted a mural in the Holy Trinity Cathedral of Port-au-Prince which depicts the Marriage at Cana. He was a member of the artist group founded by Hector Hyppolite. References Schu...

SMP Negeri 3 Cibadak

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Maret 2016. SMP Negeri 3 CibadakInformasiDidirikan1999JenisSekolah NegeriAkreditasiANomor Statistik Sekolah201020610118Nomor Pokok Sekolah Nasional20202363Kepala SekolahDrs. OsadJumlah kelas24Rentang kelasVII,VIII, IXJumlah siswa806 siswaAlamatLokasiJ...

Королевство Арморика

королевствоАрморикабрет. Arvorig ← → 395 — 800 Столица Кемпер Язык(и) Бретонский язык Религия христианство Форма правления монархия король Арморики • до 395 года Конан Мериадок • до 800 Виомарк Бретань (внизу) в 500 году Исторические провинции Бретани Короле�...

ألكسندر موتون

ألكسندر موتون (بالإنجليزية: Alexander Mouton)‏ معلومات شخصية الميلاد 19 نوفمبر 1804(1804-11-19)مقاطعة لافايت الوفاة 12 فبراير 1885 (80 سنة)لافاييت مواطنة الولايات المتحدة الديانة كاثوليكية عضو في مجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي، ومجلس نواب لويزيانا مناصب عضو مجلس نواب لويزيانا في الم�...

History of education in England

This article is about primary and secondary education. For the history of higher education in England, see Universities in the United Kingdom. The history of education in England is documented from Saxon settlement of England, and the setting up of the first cathedral schools in 597 and 604. Education in England remained closely linked to religious institutions until the nineteenth century, although charity schools and free grammar schools, which were open to children of any religious belief...

Lawrence Rocks

Rocky islets in Victoria, Australia For the American chemist, see Lawrence Rocks (chemist). Lawrence RocksLawrence Rocks rocky islets in Western VictoriaLawrence RocksEtymologyCaptain Effingham Lawrence[1][2]GeographyLocationBass StraitCoordinates38°24′30″S 141°40′10″E / 38.40833°S 141.66944°E / -38.40833; 141.66944Area7 ha (17 acres)[3]Length800 m (2600 ft)[3]Width50 m (160 ft)[3]Highest ...

Marie-Josée Ta Lou

Marie-Josée Ta Lou Marie-Josée Ta Lou lors des championnats du monde 2017. Informations Disciplines Sprint Nationalité Ivoirienne Naissance 18 novembre 1988 (35 ans) Bouaflé Taille 1,59 m (5′ 3″) Masse 50 kg (110 lb) Club Stade Français (Paris) Entraîneur John Smith Records 10 s 72 (AR,2022) — 22 s 08 (NR,2017) Palmarès Médailles obtenues Championnats du monde - 2 1 Champ. du monde en salle - 1 - Championnats d'Afrique 3 3 5 Jeux africains 3 - 1 modifie...

Djibril Diaw

Senegalese footballer Djibril Diaw Personal informationFull name Elhadji Pape Djibril DiawDate of birth (1994-12-31) 31 December 1994 (age 29)Place of birth Dakar, SenegalHeight 1.94 m (6 ft 4 in)[1]Position(s) DefenderTeam informationCurrent team Laval(on loan from Rukh Lviv)Senior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2011–2012 Jeanne d'Arc 2012–2014 Yeggo 2014–2015 Port Autonome 2015–2016 Geel 3 (0)2016–2019 Korona Kielce 68 (4)2019–2021 Angers II 3 (0)2019–...

Francesco Aguglia

Francesco Aguglia Deputato del Regno d'ItaliaDurata mandato23 novembre 1892 –29 settembre 1919 LegislaturaXVIII, XIX, XX, XXI, XXII, XXIII, XXIV GruppoparlamentareSinistra costituzionale CollegioAlbano Laziale (XVIII-XXI)Termini Imerese (XXII-XXIV) Incarichi parlamentariXXI Membro della Commissione generale del bilancio e dei conti amministrativi (3 luglio 1900 - 6 febbraio 1902; 13 marzo 1902 - 18 ottobre 1904) XXII Membro della Giunta generale del bil...

Ottoman Greece

Period of Ottoman rule of Greece Ottoman rule in GreeceΤουρκοκρατία στην ΕλλάδαTourkokratía stin Elláda1371–1912View of the Caryatid Porch, the Erechtheion, the west end of the Temple of Minerva Polias, and the Pandrosium on the Acropolis in Ottoman Athens in 1750sLocationGreeceIncluding Ottoman expansion (Thrace, Thessalonica, Constantinople, Morea, Lesbos) Ottoman–Venetian wars (Cretan War, Morean War, Second Morean War) Orlov revolt Septinsular Republic Greek Wa...

PROFILPELAJAR.COM