He was born in Hamburg as the son of Johannes Sr., and brother of Balthasar and Johannes Coymans, wealthy businessmen in Amsterdam who commissioned a canal house there called the Coymanshuis, built by the Haarlem architect Jacob van Campen. He married Dorothea Berck in 1616, the daughter of a wealthy wine trader in Dordrecht. The couple had five children who each married various wealthy members of the Haarlem or Amsterdam regency: Balthasar, Wilhelmina, Aernout, Josephus the Younger, Erkenraad, and Isabella. In 1632 Joseph lived in Haarlem on the Smedestraat, where he rented the largest house in the street from Anna Vogel, the wealthy wife of the WIC businessman Aelbert Dirckz Bas.[2] His neighbors there were the lawyer Paulus van Beresteyn and the notary Henrick van Gellinckhuysen.[3] Coymans ran a business as a trader in the linen market and owned some bleacheries in Bloemendaal.
The Coymans' son Balthasar (named after his uncle) later lived in the Zijlstraat, and the widowed Dorothea moved in with them before she died in 1678, where the inventory of her possessions (1684) was conducted, including a long list of paintings.
^Aelbert Bas and his wife Anna Vogel lived on the Keizersgracht in Amsterdam, see De Vroedschap van Amsterdam, 1578-1795, by J.E. Elias
^Waar thans het politiebureau in de Smedestraat staat, by G.H. Kurtz, pp. 34-60, Haerlem : jaarboek 1964, ISSN 0927-0728
^Vrouwe- en Antonie Gasthuys : successeur op het Klein Heiligland van het Bogaerts, Coymans', Kolders, Teylers hofje, by A.D. Bloemsma, pp. 144-150, Haerlem : jaarboek 1961, ISSN 0927-0728