Johann Andreas Schmeller

Johann Andreas Schmeller

Johann Andreas Schmeller (6 August 1785 in Tirschenreuth – 27 September 1852 in Munich) was a German philologist who initially studied the Bavarian dialect. From 1828 until his death he taught in the University of Munich.[1] He is considered the founder of modern dialect research in Germany. His lasting contribution is the four-volume Bayerisches Wörterbuch [de] (Bavarian Dictionary),[2] which is currently in the process of revision by the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

Biography

In 1821, he published Die Mundarten Bayerns (Bavarian dialects). This was later supplemented by his Bayerisches Wörterbuch (Bavarian dictionary), which appeared in four volumes from 1827 to 1837. Perhaps his most notable publication was the first modern edition of the Heliand (1830).[3]

He was also the compiler of the Carmina Burana (1847), which he named. Schmeller edited the Old High German Evangelienharmonie (1841);[4] the Muspilli (1832);[5] Lateinische Gedichte des 10. und 11. Jahrhunderts (1836); and Hadamar von Laber's Jagd (1850). His Cimbrisches Wörterbuch was edited by Joseph Bergmann in 1855.[1][6]

Schmeller invented the schwa symbol (ə) for use as the reduced vowel at the end of some German words, and first used it in his 1820s works on the Bavarian dialects.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Schmeller, Johann Andreas" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
  2. ^ "Das Projekt: Bayerisches Wörterbuch (BWB)". bwb.badw.de. Retrieved 2024-03-04.
  3. ^ Mierke, Gesine (2008). Memoria als Kulturtransfer: Der altsächsische 'Heiland' zwischen Spätantike und Frühmittelalter. Cologne: Böhlau. p. 11. ISBN 978-3-412-20090-9.
  4. ^ Heliand: oder die altsächsische Evangelien-harmonie Volumes 1-2 (1840) J. G. Cotta, Germany (Google eBook) (German)
  5. ^ Muspilli Bruchstück einer althochdeutschen illiterierenden Dichtung vom Ende der Welt (1832) George Jaquet, Munich (Google eBook) (German)
  6. ^ "'Cimbrisches Wörterbuch : das ist Deutsches Idiotikon der VII. und VIII. Comuni in den venetianischen Alpen' - Viewer | MDZ". www.digitale-sammlungen.de. Retrieved 2024-03-04.
  7. ^ Bayerisches Wörterbuch : Sammlung von Wörtern und Ausdrücken, die in den lebenden Mundarten sowohl, als in der älteren und ältesten Provincial-Litteratur des Königreichs Bayern, besonders seiner ältern Lande, vorkommen, und in der heutigen allgemein-deutschen Schriftsprache entweder gar nicht, oder nicht in denselben Bedeutungen üblich sind. / 1. Enthaltend Theil I. und II. der ersten Ausgabe (in German). p. VIII. Retrieved 2024-03-04. ə, der dumpfe, am meisten dem á ähnelnde Laut, (wie z.B. in den französischen Wörtchen je, me, te). [ə, the muffled sound most similar to á, (as in, e.g. the French particles je, me, te).]

Further reading

  • Johannes Nicklas, Schmellers Leben und Wirken (Munich, 1885)


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