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Jo Myong-rok
Jo Myong-rok
	Jo meeting Bill Clinton at the White House, October 2000
First Vice Chairman of the National Defence Commission
	In office; 1998 – November 2010
Chairman	Kim Jong Il
Preceded by	O Jin-u
Succeeded by	Position abolished
Personal details
Born	12 July 1928; Yonsa County, Kankyōhoku-dō (North Hamgyong Province), Korea, Empire of Japan
Died	6 November 2010 (aged 82)
Military service
Allegiance	North Korea
Branch/service	Korean People's Army
Years of service	1950–2010
Rank	Ch'asu; (Vice Marshal)
Korean name
Chosŏn'gŭl	조명록
Hancha	趙明祿
Revised Romanization	Jo Myeong-rok
McCune–Reischauer	Cho Myŏngrok

Jo Myong-rok (Korean: 조명록 12 July 1928 – 6 November 2010)^[1] was a North Korean military officer who held the military rank Chasu (Vice Marshal). In 1998, he was appointed first vice-chairman of the National Defence Commission of North Korea,^[2] Director of the Korean People's Army General Political Bureau. Previously, he was the commander of the air defence forces.

Life and career

Jo was born in Yonsa County, North Hamgyong province, on 12 July 1928 and he joined the Korean People's Army in December 1950.^[3] He was a graduate of the Manchuria Aviation School and Soviet Air Academy.^[3]

After serving as a pilot in the Korean War, Jo was promoted to major general in 1954 and lieutenant general in 1976. Meanwhile, he held other important posts, such as commanding officer of Pyongyang's Air Defence Command (1975–1977), and commanding officer of the Korean People's Army Air and Anti-Air Force from 1977 to 1995. At the 6th Party Congress in 1980, Jo Myong-rok was elected both member of the 6th Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (he was elected an alternate member of the 5th Central Committee in 1975) and the 6th Central Military Commission. In 1992 he was promoted to general; in 1994 he was part of Kim Il Sung's funeral committee; in 1995 he was promoted to Vice Marshal and director of the KPA General Political Bureau.

He made a key speech commemorating the third anniversary of Kim Il Sung's death in special ceremonies on 8 July 1997.^[4] By 1998, when he was also appointed to the position of First Vice Chairman of the National Defence Commission, he was the second most powerful person in the country, ranking immediately beneath Kim Jong Il himself. In 2000, he traveled to Washington, D.C., on a goodwill mission.^[5] During the visit, he met with President Bill Clinton, his counterpart William Cohen, and Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.^[6] He was the first North Korean official to visit the White House or meet a President of the United States. The Clinton administration reciprocated by sending Albright to Pyongyang one week later to meet Kim Jong Il.^[7]

Death

On 6 November 2010, Jo died of a heart attack at the age of 82,^[1] one month after he was elected as member of the Presidium of the Political Bureau.^[8] His funeral committee was chaired by Kim Jong Il and attended by more than a hundred political and military figures, including Kim Jong Un and Supreme People's Assembly President Kim Yong-nam. He lay in state in the Central Workers' Hall (home of the General Federation of Trade Unions of Korea) in Pyongyang and was buried in the Patriotic Martyrs' Cemetery.

Against expectations, his successor was not elected at the 4th Session of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly in April 2011. There was speculation that Kim Jong Il was deliberately leaving the post vacant in order to promote his son, Kim Jong Un, when he was ready.^{[citation needed]}

Funeral committee members

Jo's funeral committee consisted of:^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b 北韓將領趙明祿逝世 [North Korea General Jo Myong-rok passed away] (in Chinese). RTHK. 7 November 2010. Archived from the original on 1 October 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
^ "Pyongyang shuffles its military, not policies". Asia Times. 5 May 2007. Archived from the original on 8 May 2007. Retrieved 12 June 2010.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^ ^a ^b "Profiles of Presidium and Members of Political Bureau" Archived 26 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine, KCNA, 29 September 2010.
^ "Activities of DPRK VMAR Cho Myong Rok Assessed," Seoul Yonhap, Internet Version, 29 September 2000.
^ "Recent notable deaths".
^ "10/10/00 Albright on Visit of His Excellency Vice Marshall Jo Myong Rok". 1997-2001.state.gov. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
^ Cha, Victor D. (2013). The Impossible State: North Korea, Past and Future. Internet Archive. New York: Ecco. pp. 252–274. ISBN 978-0-06-199850-8. LCCN 2012009517. OCLC 1244862785.
^ 北朝鮮の軍ナンバー２が死去、国葬へ [Number 2 of North Korea Army died, national ceremony to be held.]. Yomiuri Shimbun; YOMIURI ONLINE (in Japanese). 7 November 2010. Archived from the original on 10 November 2010. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
^ 고 조명록의 국가장의위원회 구성 (in Korean). KCNA. 6 November 2010. Archived from the original on 11 October 2014.

External links

Jo Myong-rok, Envoy to U.S From North Korea, Dies at 82

Political offices
Vacant Title last held by O Chin-u	First Vice Chairman of the National Defence Commission 1998–2010	Vacant Title next held by Post abolished (2012)
Preceded by Choe Kwang	Vice Chairman of the National Defence Commission 21 February 1997 – 1998	Succeeded by Ri Yong-mu
Military offices
Preceded by	Commander of the Korean People's Air Force 1977–1995	Succeeded by Oh Gum-chol
Preceded by O Chin-u	Director of the General Political Bureau of the Korean People's Army 1995–2010	Vacant Title next held by Choe Ryong-hae

[rthk_news-1] 北韓將領趙明祿逝世 [North Korea General Jo Myong-rok passed away] (in Chinese). RTHK. 7 November 2010. Archived from the original on 1 October 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2010.

[2] "Pyongyang shuffles its military, not policies". Asia Times. 5 May 2007. Archived from the original on 8 May 2007. Retrieved 12 June 2010.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[kcna-3] "Profiles of Presidium and Members of Political Bureau" Archived 26 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine, KCNA, 29 September 2010.

[4] "Activities of DPRK VMAR Cho Myong Rok Assessed," Seoul Yonhap, Internet Version, 29 September 2000.

[5] "Recent notable deaths".

[6] "10/10/00 Albright on Visit of His Excellency Vice Marshall Jo Myong Rok". 1997-2001.state.gov. Retrieved 6 March 2021.

[:02-7] Cha, Victor D. (2013). The Impossible State: North Korea, Past and Future. Internet Archive. New York: Ecco. pp. 252–274. ISBN 978-0-06-199850-8. LCCN 2012009517. OCLC 1244862785.

[8] 北朝鮮の軍ナンバー２が死去、国葬へ [Number 2 of North Korea Army died, national ceremony to be held.]. Yomiuri Shimbun; YOMIURI ONLINE (in Japanese). 7 November 2010. Archived from the original on 10 November 2010. Retrieved 7 November 2010.

[9] 고 조명록의 국가장의위원회 구성 (in Korean). KCNA. 6 November 2010. Archived from the original on 11 October 2014.

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