James W. Bradbury

"Senator Bradbury" redirects here. For other uses, see Senator Bradbury (disambiguation).
James W. Bradbury
United States Senator
from Maine
In office
March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1853
Preceded byGeorge Evans
Succeeded byWilliam P. Fessenden
County Attorney of Kennebec County, Maine
In office
January 17, 1834 – March 27, 1838
Preceded byRobert Goodenow
Succeeded byHenry W. Paine
Personal details
BornJune 10, 1802
Parsonsfield, Maine, US
DiedJanuary 6, 1901(1901-01-06) (aged 98)
Augusta, Maine, US
Resting placeForest Grove Cemetery, Augusta, Maine, US
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseEliza Ann Westbrook
Children4
Alma materBowdoin College
ProfessionAttorney

James Ware Bradbury (June 10, 1802 – January 6, 1901) was an American attorney and politician from Maine. A Democrat, he served as a United States Senator from 1847 to 1853.

Early life

James W. Bradbury was born in Parsonsfield, Maine on June 10, 1802, the eldest son of Dr. James Bradley and Ann (Moulton) Bradbury.[1] He attended the local schools of Parsonfield, academies in Saco, Maine and Limerick, Maine, Gorham Academy in Gorham, Maine, and Effingham Academy in Effingham, New Hampshire.[1] He then attended Bowdoin College, from which he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1825.[2] Bradbury graduated third in his class, was selected for Phi Beta Kappa, and was chosen to deliver a graduation ceremony oration.[1][3] Among his classmates were Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Josiah S. Little, Jonathan Cilley, Nathaniel Hawthorne, John Stevens Cabot Abbott, and George B. Cheever.[1] During his college years, Bradbury also developed a friendship with Franklin Pierce, a member of Bowdoin's Class of 1824.[4]

Start of career

Bradbury taught school after graduating from Bowdoin and became principal of the academy in Hallowell, Maine.[1] In 1828, he received a Master of Arts from Bowdoin.[5] In 1829, he founded New Hampshire's first normal school on the second floor of Effingham Academy in Effingham. While teaching school, he began to study law with attorneys Rufus McIntire of Parsonfield and Ether Shepley of Portland.[1] He was admitted to the bar in 1830 and began to practice in Augusta, Maine.[1] During his career as an attorney, Bradbury practiced at different times in partnership with Horatio D. Bridge, Richard D. Rice, Lot M. Morrill, Joseph H. Meserve, and his son, James W. Bradbury Jr.[1] In the late 1830s, he lobbied the Maine Legislature for passage of the charter for the Portland, Saco and Portsmouth Railroad. In the 1840s, he shepherded passage of a charter for the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railroad.[6]

A Democrat in politics, in addition to practicing law he was for a year the editor of the Maine Patriot, a Democratic newspaper.[1] He was prosecuting attorney for Kennebec County from 1834 until 1838.[1] He was a delegate to the 1844 Democratic National Convention, which nominated James K. Polk for the presidency.[1]

U.S. Senator

Bradbury was elected to the United States Senate in 1846 and served one term, March 4, 1847, until March 3, 1853.[1] During his senate career, he served as chairman of the Committee On Printing and was a member of the Judiciary Committee and the Committee on Claims.[1][7] In addition, he served on a special committee that worked to resolve the French Spoliation cases, claims against France for losses incurred during the Quasi-War between the U.S. and France in the late 1700s.[1]

In the senate, Bradbury also oversaw passage of the first bill appropriating funds for improving the Kennebec River.[1] Like most other Democrats, he was a supporter of U.S. participation in the Mexican–American War and opposed efforts to end or limit the spread of slavery on the grounds that slavery was constitutional.[1] Bradbury declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1852, and resumed the practice of law in Augusta.[1]

Later life

Bradbury continued practicing law until well into his nineties, earning a reputation for attention to detail and effective courtroom advocacy.[7] According to biographer and historian Edward Stanwood, Franklin Pierce's selection as the Democratic nominee for president in 1852 was the result of a plan originated by Bradbury.[8] In 1846, he was elected to the Bowdoin College board of overseers.[7] In 1861 he was elected to Bowdoin's board of trustees, and he served as chairman of the board's finance committee for more than 20 years.[7] He was a member of the Maine Historical Society beginning in the 1840s, and was the organization's president from 1867 to 1887.[7] In 1872, Bradbury received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Bowdoin College.[9]

Upon the death of former Iowa senator George Wallace Jones in 1896, Bradbury became the last living person who served in the Senate during the 32nd Congress. Bradbury died in Augusta on January 6, 1901.[9] He was buried at Forest Grove Cemetery in Augusta.[10]

Family

On November 25, 1834, Bradbury married Eliza Ann Westbrook of Augusta.[9] They were the parents of four sons, and she died in 1879.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Bowdoin College Library (1911). Obituary Record of the Graduates of Bowdoin College and the Medical School of Maine. Lewiston, ME: Journal Printshop. p. 59 – via Google Books.
  2. ^ Bowdoin College (1902). General Catalogue of Bowdoin College and the Medical School of Maine. Cambridge, MA: John Wilson and Son. p. 11 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ Bowdoin College (1908). Catalogue of the Phi Beta Kappa Alpha of Maine. Portland, ME: Smith & Sale. p. 18 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ "Always for Sound Money: Good Democratic Doctrine from James Ware Bradley of Maine". The New York Times. New York, NY. May 30, 1895. p. 13 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ Catalogue of the Phi Beta Kappa Alpha of Maine, p. 18.
  6. ^ Chase, Henry (1893). Representative Men of Maine. Portland, ME: Lakeside Press. p. 146 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ a b c d e Representative Men of Maine, p. 146.
  8. ^ Stanwood, Edward (1912). A History of the Presidency from 1788 to 1897. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 248 – via Google Books.
  9. ^ a b c d Obituary Record of the Graduates of Bowdoin College 1911, p. 60.
  10. ^ Joint Committee On Printing, U.S. Congress (1961). Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1961. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. p. 585 – via Google Books.

Sources

U.S. Senate
Preceded by U.S. senator (Class 2) from Maine
March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1853
Served alongside: John Fairfield, Wyman B. S. Moor, Hannibal Hamlin 		Succeeded by
Honorary titles
Preceded by Oldest living U.S. senator
April 4, 1893 – January 6, 1901 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Most senior living U.S. senator
(Sitting or former)
with Alpheus Felch until 1896
June 26, 1889 – January 6, 1901 		Succeeded by


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