James Philip Eagle
16th Governor of Arkansas
In office January 8, 1889 – January 14, 1893
Preceded by	Simon Pollard Hughes, Jr.
Succeeded by	William Meade Fishback
Member of the Arkansas House of Representatives
In office 1873–1874 1877–1878 1885–1886
Speaker of the Arkansas House of Representatives
In office 1885–1887
Preceded by	W. C. Braley
Succeeded by	John Marshall Hewitt
Personal details
Born	(1837-08-10)August 10, 1837 Maury County, Tennessee, U.S.
Died	December 20, 1904(1904-12-20) (aged 67) Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.
Resting place	Mount Holly Cemetery, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S. 34°44′15.3″N 92°16′42.5″W / 34.737583°N 92.278472°W / 34.737583; -92.278472
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Mary Kavanaugh Eagle
Signature

James Philip Eagle (August 10, 1837 – December 20, 1904) was an American politician who served as Speaker of the Arkansas House of Representatives and as the 16th governor of Arkansas, a Baptist minister, and president of the Southern Baptist Convention. He was a Democrat.

Eagle was born in Maury County, Tennessee.^[1] His family moved to Arkansas early in his life and he was educated in the public schools. He married Mary Kavanaugh Oldham in 1882.^[2] Her brother William Kavanaugh Oldham moved to Arkansas in 1885 and later entered politics himself, serving as acting governor for a brief time in 1913. A younger brother, Kies Oldham, served as Eagle's personal secretary during his time as governor.

Eagle was appointed deputy sheriff of Prairie County, Arkansas, in 1859, a position he held until the start of the American Civil War. Eagle enlisted in the Confederate States Army and rose to the rank of colonel. He served with the 5th Arkansas Infantry and the 2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles. He campaigned with the Army of Tennessee and fought in most of that army's campaigns from the initial battles in Kentucky all the way to the Battle of Nashville. Eagle was wounded during the Atlanta Campaign.

At the conclusion of the war, Eagle attended Mississippi College for less than one year but was forced to withdraw due to illness. He studied for the ministry and was ordained as a Baptist preacher.^[3]

Eagle served as a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from 1873 to 1878. He supported Baxter during the Brooks–Baxter War. Eagle served as speaker of the house in 1875.

Eagle was elected Governor of Arkansas in 1888, and was reelected for a second term in 1890.^[4] The Eagle administration concerned itself with attracting immigration and support for education. Eagle was sympathetic to women's suffrage and once welcomed Susan B. Anthony to the state though he did not provide active political support.

Eagle served on the state capitol commission but was fired by Governor Jeff Davis for allegedly campaigning for an opponent of Davis. Davis was opposed to the construction of the new capitol building.

In 1880, he became president of the Arkansas Baptist Convention until 1904.^[5] In 1902, he became president of the Southern Baptist Convention until 1904.^[6]

Eagle died at his home in Little Rock, Arkansas, of heart failure, on December 20, 1904.^[7] He is buried at the historic Mount Holly Cemetery in Little Rock.

• List of Southern Baptist Convention affiliated people
• Southern Baptist Convention Presidents

• Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture entry: James Philip Eagle