Jalousie (Gade)

Jalousie is a tango written by Danish composer Jacob Gade in 1925. Its full title is Jalousie "Tango Tzigane" (Jealousy "Gypsy Tango"). It soon became popular around the world and is today a classic in the modern songbook.

Music and composition

The work consists of two themes – the first "a temperamental theme in D minor", followed by a "lyrical section in D major", both with a typical tango rhythm.[1] Although it became Gade's most popular and successful work, he wrote successor tangos, such as the Romanesca, Tango in 1933.[1]

The composer claimed that the mood of the piece had been inspired by his reading a sensational news report of a crime of passion, and "jealousy" became fixed in his mind.[2]

Gade was principal conductor of the 24-piece orchestra of the Palads Cinema in Copenhagen at the time he composed the piece. He wrote it at Tibirke Mølle, north Zealand, where he had a holiday home,[3] as part of the musical accompaniment for the Danish premiere of the silent film Don Q, Son of Zorro.[3] It was performed under Gade's baton on the opening night, 14 September 1925.

Publication and early recordings

The music was published in 1925 by Gade and Warny in Denmark, then the following year in New York and Paris.[1] Radio broadcasts and its use in 1930s films spread its popularity.

One of the first known recordings released was in Germany by the Ohio-Jazz-Orchestra, recorded in January 1926 and released in March that year on the Vox label.[4][5] Hungarian bandleader Barnabás von Géczy with His Orchestra also released a version in Germany in 1926.[6][7] In the US, one of the first recordings was by the Hotel Commodore Ensemble on 21 July 1927, released on Edison Records in October 1927.[8] Leo Reisman and His Orchestra released a version in March 1932. No Billboard charts were published during this time, but according to Joel Whitburn's retrospective charts, Reisman's version peaked at number 7.[9] Another well-known recording was made in July 1935 by the Boston Pops Orchestra, conducted by Arthur Fiedler.[1] Released as a single in 1938 on the Victor label, that version peaked at number 13 in the US and went on to sell over a million copies.[9][10] Harry James recorded a version in November 1946 which was released in January 1947 on Columbia and peaked at number 17 in the US.[9]

In 1931, Vera Bloom (daughter of writer-politician Sol Bloom) provided English lyrics.[11][12][13] Alternative English lyrics were also composed by Winifred May.[14][15]

The royalties from the performances of the work allowed Gade to found a charity to help young Danish musicians, called Jacob Gade's Legat.[16]

Frankie Laine version

"Jealousy (Jalousie)"
Single by Frankie Laine
with Paul Weston and His Orchestra
B-side"Flamenco"
ReleasedOctober 26, 1951 (1951-10-26)
RecordedSeptember 10, 1951
StudioRadio Recorders, Los Angeles, California
GenrePop
Length3:13
LabelColumbia
Songwriter(s)
  • Jacob Gade
  • Vera Bloom
Producer(s)Mitch Miller
Frankie Laine singles chronology
"Hey, Good Lookin'"
(1951) 		"Jealousy (Jalousie)"
(1951) 		"One for My Baby (and One More for the Road)"
(1951)

In October 1951, American singer Frankie Laine released his version of the song using the lyrics by Bloom. It peaked at number three in the US, achieving his seventh gold record. It is said to have also sold over a million copies.[10]

After finishing his contract with Mercury Records in March 1951, Laine followed his producer and A&R man Mitch Miller to Columbia Records.[17] The first release was "Jezebel" backed with "Rose, Rose, I Love You" in May 1951, which became a million-copy seller with both songs charting in the top-ten of the Billboard Best Sellers.[10][9] Laine's subsequent releases also performed well. He recorded "Jealousy (Jalousie)" in September 1951 at Radio Recorders with Paul Weston and His Orchestra, and Carl Fischer on piano who had reworked the song with Laine.

When reviewing the song, Billboard wrote that "Laine turns in one of his most persuasive wax jobs on a captivating treatment of the evergreen tango".[18] Cash Box described it as "a beautiful standard which this version should really send into the pop class. It’s an extremely exciting melody and Frankie’s rendition of the lyrics with Paul Weston on the backing makes it glow".[19]

Charts

Chart (1951–52) Peak
position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[20] 9
US Billboard Best Selling Pop Singles[21] 3
US Billboard Most Played by Disk Jockeys[22] 3
US Cash Box Top Ten Juke Box Tunes[23] 3

Billy Fury version

"Jealousy"
Single by Billy Fury
B-side"Open Your Arms"
Released1 September 1961[24]
Recorded19 July 1961[25]
StudioDecca Studios, London
GenrePop
Length2:49
LabelDecca
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)
Billy Fury singles chronology
"Halfway to Paradise"
(1961) 		"Jealousy"
(1961) 		"I'd Never Find Another You"
(1961)

English singer Billy Fury released his version of the song as a single in September 1961. Following on the success of "Halfway to Paradise", it became his highest charting song, peaking at number two on the Record Retailer chart.[26]

Charts

Chart (1961) Peak
position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[20] 86
Ireland (Evening Herald)[27] 1
New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade)[28] 7
UK Disc Top 20[29] 4
UK Melody Maker Top 20[30] 4
UK New Musical Express Top 30[31] 4
UK Record Mirror Top 20[32] 4
UK Record Retailer Top 50[26] 2

Other versions

  • Organist George Wright recorded a version in 1955 on the former Paradise Theatre Wurlitzer pipe organ that became a classic and was often used to demonstrated high-fidelity equipment.
  • In 1961, Esquivel recorded a popular "space age" version that later gained even more currency as the soundtrack of a classic Ernie Kovacs sketch in which office supplies come to life.
  • In addition to Bloom's and May's, lyrics in many languages have been fitted to the composition.

In film and television

With and without vocals the piece by its various names has been used in numerous films and in television,[33] including:

References

  1. ^ a b c d Friis, S. Liner notes for CD ‘Jealousy – Suites, Tangos and Waltzes’. DACAPO 6.220509, 1998 & 2008.
  2. ^ History of Tango Jalousie at the Jacob Gade's Legat website accessed 6 January 2015.
  3. ^ a b "Det Kongelige Bibliotek - Musikafdelingen - Tango Jalousie (Jacob Gade)". wayback-01.kb.dk. Retrieved 2024-05-27.
  4. ^ Zwarg, Christian. "VOX Catalogue Numbers — 8000 to 8999: Orchestra" (PDF). Gesellschaft für Historische Tonträger. p. 20. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  5. ^ "Vox Aufnahmebuch" (PDF). Gesellschaft für Historische Tonträger. 4 May 2004. p. 277. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  6. ^ "Sbirka zvukovych dokumentu 11" (PDF). Ústí (in Czech). p. 70. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  7. ^ "Orchester Barnabas Von Géczy – Jalousie / Every Step Towards Killarney". Discogs. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  8. ^ "Edison matrix 11807. Jalousie / Hotel Commodore Ensemble ; Bernhard Levitow". Discography of American Historical Recordings. Retrieved 2024-05-25.
  9. ^ a b c d Whitburn, Joel (1986). Joel Whitburn's Pop Memories 1890–1954. Record Research. pp. 57, 228, 365.
  10. ^ a b c Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. pp. 21, 55. ISBN 0-214-20512-6.
  11. ^ Hischak, Thomas S. (2002). The Tin Pan Alley Song Encyclopedia. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-31992-1.
  12. ^ "Vera Bloom Dies; Writer, Daughter of Ex-Legislator". Evening Star. Associated Press. January 1, 1959. pp. A-22. ISSN 2331-9968.
  13. ^ Paymer, Marvin E.; Post, Don E. (1999). Sentimental Journey: Intimate Portraits of America's Great Popular Songs, 1920-1945. Noble House Publishers. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-881907-09-1.
  14. ^ Lax, Roger; Smith, Frederick (1984). The Great Song Thesaurus. Oxford University Press. p. 262. ISBN 978-0-19-503222-2.
  15. ^ Poplavsky, Boris (2022). Homeward from Heaven. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-55304-9.
  16. ^ Jacob Gade's Legat page, describing the Foundation. accessed 6 January 2015.
  17. ^ Laine, Frankie; Laredo, Joseph F. (1993). That Lucky Old Son: The Autobiography of Frankie Laine. Pathfinder Pub. pp. 109–113. ISBN 978-0-934793-45-2.
  18. ^ "Record Reviews" (PDF). Billboard. 10 November 1951. p. 47. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  19. ^ "Record Reviews" (PDF). Cash Box. 3 November 1951. p. 6. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  20. ^ a b Kent, David (2005). Australian Chart Book 1940–1969. Australian Chart Book Pty Ltd, Turramurra, N.S.W. ISBN 0-646-44439-5.
  21. ^ "Music Popularity Charts" (PDF). Billboard. 15 December 1951. pp. 26, 28. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  22. ^ "Music Popularity Charts" (PDF). Billboard. 15 December 1951. p. 26. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  23. ^ "The Nation's Top Ten" (PDF). Cash Box. 5 January 1952. p. 4. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  24. ^ "Billy Fury's follow-up" (PDF). Record Mirror. 26 August 1961. p. 6. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
  25. ^ "Jealousy". www.nic.fi. Archived from the original on 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2024-05-26.
  26. ^ a b "Billy Fury | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company". www.officialcharts.com. Retrieved 2024-05-25.
  27. ^ "Irish Top Ten". Evening Herald. 19 October 1961.
  28. ^ "Lever Hit Parade". flavourofnz.co.nz. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
  29. ^ "Top Twenty" (PDF). Disc. 7 October 1961. p. 3. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
  30. ^ "Pop Twenty". Melody Maker. 7 October 1961.
  31. ^ "NME Music Charts". New Musical Express. 6 October 1961.
  32. ^ "Britain's Top 20" (PDF). Record Mirror. 14 October 1961. p. 11. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
  33. ^ "Find - IMDb". Archived from the original on 2016-04-23. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  34. ^ https://former.imdb.com/title/tt0037611/soundtrack?ref_=tt_trv_snd [user-generated source]
  35. ^ IMDb soundtrack listing